
Qass 

Book 



HISTORY 



ANDOVER 



FROM ITS SETTLEMENT TO 1829. 



BY ABIEL. ABBOT, A. M. 



andover: 

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BV FLAGG AND GOULD. 

1829. 



t' 

-S'^' 



ADVERTISEMEIVT, 



The Compiler, for he does not assume the name 
of Author, of the following history, offers his thanks to 
all who have aided him in collecting die documents 
and facts, which are here stated. That there are no 
errors, it would be foolish to pretend ; but there are no 
intentional errors. He has used with much freedom, 
the language of the documents from which the com- 
»>iladon ha« been made. He hopes that some impor- 
\nt facts have been rescued from oblivion ; and that 
^any miy be gratified with being able to trace the 
;eps of their descent from their ancestors, who first 
^ettled in this country. When the first permanent set- 
tlement was made in Andover has not been precisely 
ascertained. Some early transactions could not be as- 
certained through defect of records occasioned by dep- 
redations of the Indians. Few occurrences were noted 
by the early settlers, and traditions are few and dim. 
The compilation after no inconsiderable labor and 
pains, is offered to the public, and, especially, to the 
inhabitants of Andover, and to the descendants of the 
early settlers of that ancient and respectable town. 



HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 



CHAP. I. 

TOPOGRAPHY. 



ALndover, in the county of Essex, Mass. situated on 
the south easterly side of the Merrimack, 20 miles N. of 
Boston, hi NW. of Salem, 20 S. westerly from Newbury- 
port, 8 S of Haverhill, and 467 from Washington, is bound- 
ed on the NNW. 10 miles and 5507 rods by the Merrimack, 
which separates it from Dracut and Methuen ; on the NE. 
14(> rods by Bradford, and 7 miles and 241 rods by Box- 
ford ; on the SE. 3 miles and 68 rods by Middleton ; on 
the S. 4 miles by Reading, and 2 miles and 285 rods by 
Wilmington; and on the SW. 6 miles and 197 rods by 
TewksLury. It was originally bounded by the Merrimack, 
Rowley, Salem, Woburn, and Cambridge, which formerly 
included Billerica and Tewksbury. 

The town is well watered. It has tlie Merrimack the 
whole length of its N. westerly side. Cochichewick brook, 
issuing from Great Pond, in the NE. part of the town, af- 
ter a N. westerly course of about one and a half mile, emp- 
ties into the Merrimack, a little more than a mile below 
Andov<;r bridge, and furnishes a number of good and safe 
mill seats, on which there are now throe factories for wool 
and one grist mill; two grist mills have lately been stoj)|)ed. 

The Shawshin rises in Lexington, passes throui^h Bed- 
ford, the easterly part of Billerica, NW. part of Wilming- 
1* 



6 



HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 



ton, and S. easterly corner of Tewksbury, enters Andover 
at the SW. corner, has a N. easterly course, dividing the 
South Parish diagonally, and is discharged into the Mer- 
rimack, about a mile below Andover bridge about 60 rods 
above the Cochichewick, and is about three rods wide. 
There are upon it, three factories for wool, a machine fac- 
tory, a paper mill, three grist mills and two saw mills ; one 
grist and one saw mill near its mouth, in 1823, were taken 
down. A short stream empties into Shawshin at Frye's 
Village, on which is a grist mill, saw mill and a fulling 
mill. Near to this is a small stream on which is a trip 
hammer. A small stream from Foster's pond had mills up- 
on it. A stream a little above Andover bridge has had a 
saw mill upon it ; also the stream from Haggett's pond. 
Rose meadow brook empties into Great Pond and has a 
saw mill upon it near its mouth. The water of these 
streams is discharged into the Merrimack. 

Musquetoe brook, Boston brook, river meadow brook, 
and Frye's brook, have mills upon them, and discharge 
their water into Ipswich river. Besides these, there are 
brooks and springs, which supply water for every farm and 
house in the town. Good water, at a small depth below 
the surface, may almost every where be obtained. 

Great Pond, so called, in the NE. part of the town, 
about a mile from the Merrimack, is a fine clear basin of 
water containing about 447 acres, and is well stocked with 
fish. Before obstructions on the brook, multitudes of 
alewives passed into the pond, and large quantities were 
taken from the brook for the use of the inhabitants, and 
they also furnished a revenue to the town. 

Haggett's Pond, in which are two small islands, is in 
the west parish, more than a mile from the Merrimack, 
and contains about 220 acres. It is thought that this 
pond may be turned into the Shawshin for the benefit of 
the mills and factories. 



TOPOGRAPHY. 7 

Foster's pond in the south parish, contains 50 acres. 
The water runs into the Shawshin, above Ballard's mills; 
and, it is said, that the pond may be easily drained. Pomp's, 
formerly Ballard's Pond, near the Shawshin, empties into 
it, a short distance below Ballard's mills. It contains S7^ 
acres. The channel of the brook has been cleared in some 
degree, to let off more of its water in a dry season. With 
a little labour, two or three feet of water may be led from 
the pond into the river for the benefit of the mills below. 
These ponds are well supplied with small fish. Beaver dam 
pond in the SE. part of the town contains 3| acres. As- 
lebe's pond, near to it, contains two acres. 

The Merrimack formerly abounded with salmon and 
shad, which were also taken plentifully in the Shawshin. 
Considerable quantities of shad are still taken in the Mer- 
rimack, but very few salmon. Alewives were taken in 
great quantities from the streams emptying into the Mer- 
rimack. They were sometimes put into the hills of corn 
with much effect ; but some have thought them injurious 
to the land. 

On each side of the Shawshin and of most of the brooks, 
the meadows are numerous and good. Near the banks of 
this river is a sandy rich loam. In the south west part of 
the town, the plains are of considerable extent. The wood 
on this land is chiefly pine ; but oak often succeeds the 
pine. In the northwest part of the town, the land is some- 
what stony and hilly, and is hard of culture but sufficient- 
ly rewards the labour of the husbandman. Oak is the 
principal growth ; but there is some walnut, maple, pine. 
Wood and timber from the banks of the Merrimack are of- 
ten rafted down the river to Newburyport. The easterly 
part of the south parish is undulating, somewhat rocky, 
moist, hard of culture, but fertile and amply remunerating 
the industry and skill of the cultivator. 

In the north parish, the land is uneven, rising into 



8 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

large hills, affor^ling fine and delightful prospects and sce- 
nery. " Its surface is elegantly undulating, and -its s<;il in 
an eminent degree fertile. The meadows are numerous, 
large, and of the first quality. The groves charinindv in- 
terspersed, are tall and thrifty. The landscape every wliere 
varied, neat and cheerful, is also, every where rich." The 
natural ijrowth is, the several kinds of oak, walnut, maple, 
pine, elm, oilnut, ash, cedar in some swamps. 

"This parish is a mere collection of plantations, with- 
out any thing like a village." Tiie houses are generally 
good, some are large and elefrant. The barns are large 
and well built and indicate a fertile and well cultivated soil. 
*' Upon the whole, Andover is one of the best farming 
towns in eastern Massachusetts."* 

The south parish has a considerable village, extending 
north of tlie meeting house, also, easterly to some extent 
round tlie Institution, and westerly near the factories. The 
houses are generally well built, handsome and in a good 
state, and afford a fine appearance. A large portion of 
them has been erected within twenty or thirty years. The 
town is adorned with ornamental trees near almost every 
dwelling house and on the sides of the streets. 

The public buildings in the north parish are a meeting 
house built in 1753 — Franklin Academy, a neat one story 
building. In the south parish, a meeting house erected in 
1788 — near to it, a vestry — three large elegant brick build- 
ings and a steward's house for the Theological Institu- 
tion, — an elegant brick building for Phillips academy — a 
Samaritan house — a Masonic hall of brick three stories 
erected in 18-^6 — an elegant brick building for the Ando- 
ver Female Academy to be soon completed. In the west 
parish a stone meeting house built in iS'26. There are 
fifteen school houses for the town and three house:^ for pri- 
vate schools. 



* Dr. Dwight's I'ravels. 



TOPOGRAPHY. 9^ 

In several places beds of day have been opened ; the 
one most extensively worked is on a farm belonging to the 
town, and is of good quality. About 300,000 bricks are an- 
nually made in the yard, and disposed of for the benefit 
of the town. 

Red Spring, about half a mile from the south meeting- 
house, on the north west side of Shawshin, near its bank, 
is chalybeate ; its water has been used with advantage in 
some cases. This might probably be rendered a fashion- 
able resort by a good boarding house and suitable baths. 

Peat meadoivs, have been discovered, and fuel is taken 
from some of them which has lately come into use in a 
number of families ; its price is about the same as of hard 
pine. 

The Roads in Andover, as well as in most of the towns 
in the county, are crooked. They were at first designed 
to accommodate individuals, and laid out from house to 
house. Many of them were formerly closed with gates and 
passed through pastures and fields ; some of them have be- 
come useless. The town within a few years, has expended 
large sums in making new roads, and in straightening and 
making wider old ones. All the roads have been much im- 
proved within the last thirty years. 

In 1806, a Turnpike was opened from Medford through 
Reading, south parish of Andover to Concord, N. H. &/C. 
The same company has opened a turnpike from Salem, 
through Danvers, Middleton, the south part of the north 
parish to Andover bridge. The old roads to Boston and 
Salem have been so much improved and take so much of 
the travel, as to render these turnpikes less profitable than 
is desired. 

The upper great road from Boston passes through An- 
dover, Haverhill, &lc. to Maine ; also from Boston to Con- 
cord, N. II. ; also from Salem and from Newburyport to 



10 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Lowell. There is much travelling from the north side of 
the Merrimack through Andover to Salem, Newburyport, 
and other places on the sea coast. 

In IS2'5, the Training Field, north from Dr. Kittridge's, 
was exchanged for four acres south of the North Parish 
meeting-house for a common ; and the horse houses were 
moved to the other side of the meeting house. The road 
from the meeting house to Franklin Academy was made 
wider. This has much improved the appearance, and ad- 
ded to the convenience of the parish. 

Andover Bridge over the Merrimack. The act of in- 
corporation was passed, March 1793 ; the bridge was com- 
pleted the November following at an expense of about 
$15,000. It was nearly 600 feet in length and 40 in width. 
It rested on abutments and piers of wood, and required 
constant repairs. It stood about seven years. In 1801, a 
solid arch of boards was made over the main channel of 
the river 110 feet; this fell immediately. The present 
bridge, about 21 feet wide, was built in 1806-7, and rests 
upon stone piers and abutments ; it has several times had 
repairs. It takes considerable travel from Boston, Salem, 
&c. to Concord, N. H. «fcc. 



CHAP. II. 

SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 

In searching for places suitable for settlements, Merri- 
mack river was early explored. In 1634, four years only 
after the first planting of Charlestown and Boston, "those 
of Newtown complained ofstraitness for want of land, and 
desired leave of the Court to look out either for enlarge- 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 11 

ment or removal, vvhicli wis trranted ; whereupon they sent 
men to Agawam and Merrimack, and gave out tliey would 
remove," &c. " Newtown men being straitened for ground 
sent some men to Merrimack to find a fit place to trans- 
plant themselves."* 

In the same year, the following order of the Court was 
issued respecting the land in Andover. " It is ordered 
that the land about Cochichewick shall be reserved for an 
inland plantation, and whosoever will go to inhabit there 
shall have three years immunity from ail taxes, levies, pub- 
lic charges and services whatever, m litary discipline only 
excepted. " " John Winthrop, Richard Bellingham and 
William Coddington, Esquires, are chosen a Committee to li- 
cense any that may think meet to inhabit there, and that it 
shall be lawful for no person to go thither, without their 
consent, or the major part of them. "t 

It is difficult to ascertain the time of the first settlement, 
or when the purchase was made of the Indians. The land 
was purchased of Cutshamache, the Sagamore of Massa- 
chusetts by Mr. Wood bridge for £6 and a coat, in behalf 
of the inhabitants of Cochichewick. Probably Mr. Edmund 
Faulkner assisted Mr. Woodbridge, as there is a tradition 
that Mr. F. purchased the town for the settlers. This pur- 
chase and grant were confirmed by the Court in 1646, 
when the town was incorporated by the name of Andover 
with reference to some of the planters, who came from An- 
dover in Hampshire, England. In 1643 Massachusetts 
was divided into four coutities, or shires. The county of 
Essex consisted of eight towns, or settlements, all on the 
south side of the Merrimack; viz. Salem, Lynn, Enon, 
now Wenham, Ipswich, Rowley, Newbury, Cochichewick, 
now Andover. The towns on the north side of the Mer- 

* W'infhrop's Journal, Vol. I. pp. 132,133 
t Colony Kecords, p. 143 — lor 1634. 



12 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

rimack with some now in New Hampshire belonged to Nor- 
folk County. 

Such portions of land as were necessary for the use of 
the settlers were, from time to time, set off to individuals in 
proportion to the expenses, or taxes paid by each, and their 
several divisions recorded in the town book. When a person 
moved into town for the purpose of settling, land was sold 
to him by the town, and he was received as a commoner or 
proprietor. Grants were made by vote of the town, and all 
householders, or freeholders, were considered as proprie- 
tors and voters. The business was conducted in this man- 
ner, till about 1715, when the proprietors considered them- 
selves as a body distinct from the town corporation, and be- 
gan their records as proprietors. 

The first divisions were made in small lots ; few of the 
house lots exceeded ten acres. Plough land was granted 
at a distance in small lots on the plains, and land easy of 
tillaore ; swamp or meadow land for hay ; and wood land, 
-often at a distance. Which method of laying off land has 
rendered farms inconvenient ; and much of the inconve- 
nience remains to this day. Very few farms of considerable 
size are compact. 

Transactions in many particulars, remain in obscurity, 
as the early records were destroyed, being carried away by 
the Indians. 

The first settlements were made near Cochichewick 
brook, and very soon upon the Shawshin. Settlers were 
soon scattered over various parts of the town ; though the 
principal settlement was for many years, in the vicinity of 
the meeting house and Cochichewick brook, and was call- 
ed the town. 

The first settlers were born in Great Britain, most of 
them in England. On a leaf in the town records, the fol- 
lowing list is written in an ancient hand, without date, 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 13 

but probably when most of the first settlers were living, and 
may be considered as nearly correct. " The names of all 
the householders in order as they came to town ; — Mr. Brad- 
street, John Osgood, Joseph Parker, Richard Barker, John 
Stevens, Nicholas Holt, Benjamin Woodbridge, John Frye, 
Edmond Faulkner, Robert Barnard, Daniel Poor, Nathan 
Parker, Henry Jaques, John Aslett, Richard Blake, VViUiam 
Ballard, John Lovejoy, Thomas Poor, George Abbot, John 
Russ, Andrew Allen, Andrew Foster, Thomas Chandler." 
Some of these brought families with them ; others were 
young unmirried men. All of these, and probably others, 
were in Andover before 1G44 ; many followed them in the 
course of a few years. 

Simon Bradstreet, son of a nonconforming minister, 
was born March 160:3, at Horblin, Lincolnshire. His fa- 
ther died when he was fourteen years old, and he was com- 
mitted to the care of Hon. Thomas Dudley for eight years 
followuig. He spent one year at Emanuel college, Cam- 
bridge, pursuing his studies amidst various interruptions. 
Leaving Cambridge, he resided in the family of the Earl of 
Lincoln as his steward ; and, afterwards, lived in the same 
capacity with the Countess of Warwick. Having married 
a daughter of Mr. Dudley, he with Mr.Winthrop, Mr. Dud- 
ley and others agreed to emigrate and form a settlement 
in Massachusetts ; and being appointed an assistant, he 
with his family and others went aboard the A^)ella, on 
the 29th of March 1630; anchored, June 12, near Naum- 
keak, now Salem, went on shore, but returned to the vessel 
at night; — came, on the 14th, into the inner harbour, and 
went on shore ; — on the 17tli went to Massachusetts, and 
returned the 19th. He attended the first Court, the 23d 
of August, at Charlestown. 

The adventurers had little time to prepare for them- 
selves temporary shelters for winter, which set in about the 
3 



14 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

first of December ; and from Christmas, to about the middle 
of February, was very severe. It was with great difficulty 
that they could render themselves comfortable. Provisions 
were very scarce and extremely dear. Wheat meal was 
fourteen shillings sterling a bushel ; peas, ten shilhngs ; 
and Indian corn from Virginia, ten shillings. Many were ex- 
posed to cold, lying in tents and wretched cabins, and suffer- 
ed much, being obliged to feed on clams and other shell fish ; 
and, instead of bread, to eat acorns and ground nuts. They 
had appointed a fast the 22d of February ; but on the 
fifth, the ship Lyon arrived with provisions, which were dis- 
tributed ; and they turned the fast into a thanksgiving. 
Many died during the winter and spring. 

In the spring of 1631, Mr. B. with other gentlemen 

commenced building at Newtown, now Cambridge, and 

his name is among those constituting the first company that 

settled in that town in 1632. He resided there several 

years. In 1639, the Court granted him 500 acres of land 

in Salem, in the next convenient place, near Mr. Endicott's 

farm. It appears that he resided a short time at Ipswich. 

Mr. B. was among the first settlers of Andover, and was 

highly useful in promoting the settlement, in bearing the 

burdens incident to a new plantation, and in giving a right 

direction to its affairs. About the year 1644, he built the 

first mill on the Cochichewick. He was a selectman from 

the first record of town officers to 1672; soon after which, 

he probably spent most of his time in Boston and Salem. 

He was the first Secretary of the Colony, and dischar- 
ged the duties of the office many years. He was one of the 
first Commissioners of the united Colonies in 1643, and 
served many years with fidelity and usefulness in this office. 
In 1653, he with his colleague vigorously opposed making 
war on the Dutch in New-York, and on the Indians ; and 
it was.prevented by his steady and conscientious opposition 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 15 

and the decision of the General Court of Mass., though ear- 
nestly and strenuously urged by all the Commissioners 
of the other three colonies. 

In 1662, in a time of great alarm and distress, he was 
sent agent with Mr. Norton to England, to congratulate 
Charles II. on his restoration, and, if possible, to secure the 
privileges granted in the old charter. The mission was at- 
tended with more success than could have been expected, 
considering that the colonists were republicans in opinions, 
and strict puritans, and had no respect for nobles and bish- 
ops. But many of the magistrates and of the people were 
dissatisfied ; as they conceived the charter privileges were 
invaded. The agents fell under no small degree of resent- 
ment and public obloquy. Mr. B., conscious of rectitude, 
and feeling a cold indifference to the opinions and clam- 
ours of the multitude, continued to discharge the duties of 
his station. 

He was Deputy Governor from 1672 to 1679, when he 
was elected Governor, and continued in office till Mr. Jo- 
seph Dudley, his nephew, was appointed in 1686, head of 
the administration, and the government was changed find 
the charter annulled. He was appointed counsellor under 
Dudley but declined. 

Mr. B. was considered at the head of the moderate party ; 
and, when the charter was demanded by king Charles, 
thought it better that it should be surrendered, than that 
it should be taken away by judgment, as in that case it 
might be more easily resumed. The king promised lenity 
on compliance, and threatened severity, if the colony forced 
him to a judgment against the charter. He judged it wise 
and prudent to save part of the privileges of the colony, 
rather than lose the whole. It was, moreover, submitting 
to the necessity of the times, and to a power they were un- 
able to resist. He was reproached for his pusillanimity ; 



16 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

but his views were probably best for the country. The 
censure of the opposite parly ought not to transmit reproach 
to posterity, or in the least to tarnish his character. 

He strenuously opposed the arbitrary proceedings of 
Andross ; and when, in 1689, the people put down his au- 
thority, they made their old Governor their President. He 
continued at the head of the administration till May 1692, 
at the advanced age of 89 years, when Sir William Phips 
arrived from England with the new charter, in which Sir 
William was appointed Governor, and Mr. B. first as- 
sistant. He had been in service in the government 62 
years, excepting the short administration of Dudley and 
Andross. No man in the country has continued in so 
high offices, so many years and to so advanced age. He 
was a popular magistrate, was opposed to the witch delu- 
sion in 1692, which caused great alarm and distress at the 
commencement of Gov. Phips's administration. " He lived 
to be the Nestor of New England ;" all who came over 
from England with him died before him. 

Mr. B. was not distinguished for splendid and power- 
ful talents', but for those abilities and qualifications, which 
rendered him eminently useful. He was upright in his 
principles, of sound judgment, strict integrity, persevering 
in business, and sought usefulness, rather than popularity. 
He was not the most highly esteemed by any party, but 
was despised by none. He was one of the fathers of the 
Massachusetts colony, and contributed much to its estab- 
lishment and prosperity. He was a man of fortitude, and 
suffered with the other early settlers many privations and 
hardships, discouragements and disappointments. The 
first two or three years were very trying and afflicting. 
They were exposed to the severity of the climate with poor 
accommodations, to scarcity of provisions and the neces- 
saries of life, and to sickness which proved mortal to many 
of them. 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 17 

The following inscription is on his monument erected 
in Salem. 

SIMON BRADSTREET, 

Armiger, ex ordine Senatoris in Colonia Massachusettensi ab anno 1630, usque 
ad annum 1673. Deinde ad annum 1679, Vice-Gubernator. Denique, ad annum 1686 
ejusdem coloniae, communi et constant! populi suffragio, 

GUBERNATOR. 
Vir, judicio Lynceario preditus ; quern nee numma, nee honos allexit. Regis 
authoritatem, et populi libertatem, aequa lance libravit. Religione cerdatue, vita 
innocuuS; mundum et vicit et deseruit, 27 die Martii, A. D. 1697, annoque Guliel : 
3t. IX. et ^t. 94. 

Mr. B. was married in England, to Miss Ann Dud- 
ley, daughter of Mr. Thomas Dudley, when she was six- 
teen years old. She bore 8 children, 4 sons and 4 daugh- 
ters ; and died in Andover, Sept. 16, 1672. Siie is the 
most distinguished of the early matrons of our country by 
her literary powers, of which proof is given in a volume of 
poems, the 2d edition of which was printed at Boston, 1678, 
by John Foster, in a respectable 12mo. of 255 pp. It 
does honour to her education, by her frequent allusions to 
ancient literature and historical facts, and to her charac- 
ter as a daughter, a wife, a parent, and a christian. This 
volume is a real curiosity, though no reader, free from par- 
tiality of friendship, might coincide in the commendation 
of the funeral elogy of John Norton : 

Could Maro's muse but hear her lively strain, 
He would condemn his works to fire ag'ain. 
***** 

Her breast was a brave palace, a hroad street^ 
Where all heroic, ample thoughts did meet, 
"Where nature had such a tenement ta''en, 
That othv^r souls, to hers, dwelt in a lane. 
Dr. Mather, in the Magnalia, gives a high commenda- 
tion of her, " whose poems, divers times printed, have af- 
forded a grateful entertainment unto the ingenious, and 
a monument for her memory beyond the stateliest mar- 
bles." 

2* 



18 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Their children were Samuel, — who had two daughters 
born, 1663, 1665, in Boston. 

Simon in the ministry. New London, Con. 

Dudley, ofAndover. 

John, born in Andover July 31, 165-2, settled in Salem. 

Ann vvas married to Mr. Wiggin, Exeter. 

Dorothy was married to Rev. Seaborn Cotton, Hamp- 
ton, June 25, 1654. 

Hannah was married to Mr. Andrew Wiggin, Exeter, 
June 14, 1659. 

Mary was married to Mr. Nath. Wade, Nov. 11, 1672. 

Gov. Hutchinson supposes, that Sir Simon Bradstreet 
and Rev. Dudley Bradstreet, of Ireland, are descended 
from Gov. Bradstreet. 

Mr. Bradstreet married for his second wife, a sister of 
Sir George Downing, who was in the first class graduated 
at fJ. Call, and who was ambassador of Cromwell and 
Charles 11. to Holland.* 

Dadley Brodst.eef, son of Gov. B. was a well in- 
formed man, and very useful in the town of Andiver. 
For a number of years, he was a selectman, town clerk, 
and repres-^ntative in the General Court. When Mr. Dud- 
ley was inade president of the Council in 161^6, he was ap- 
pointed one of the assistants, but did not accept the ap- 
pointment. Duringr the interregnum from Andross, 1639, 
to the accession of Sir William Phips to the administration, 
1602, he was one of the " Council for the safety of the 
people and conservation of the peace." He was a colonel 
of ihe militia, and many years a magistrate. In 1692, 
when witchcraft, a delusion, which, for a short time, raged 
greaily in Andover, he granted, in quick succession, 30 or 
40 warrants to apprehend and imprison the supposed witch- 
es. Upon his revising to grant any more, he was suspect- 

* See Eliot'B Biog. Diet. Winthrop's Journal. Hist. Coll. Hutchinson's Hist. 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 19 

ed, was reported to have killed nine persons by witchcraft, 
and found it expedient to escape and keep secreted till the 
delusion hud in some measure su!)sided. In 1698, the In- 
dians made an assault on Andover, took him and his fam- 
ily prisoners, carried them about fifty rods, and dismissed 
them, probably on account of his previous humanity and 
kindness to the Indians. He occupied the house built by 
his father, which is now owned by Mr. S. Putnam ; and, 
though one of the oldest in Andover, it is in a very good 
state. Mr. B. possessed the confidence of his townsnjen. was 
useful., faithful and respected. He died Nov. 13, 1702. 
In !H73, he married Miss Ann Price. They had one son, 
Dudley born April !678, graduated at H. Coll. 1(598. 

The estate has been sold, and none of the descend- 
ants ofGov. Bradstreet remain in Andover. 

Defect in t!ie town records makes it impracticable to render the fol'owino- genealo- 
gies so complete as is desirable, especially since commencemeot of last century. 

John Osgood, one of the founders of the church in 
1645, and the first representative for Andover in the Gen- 
eral Court in 1651 ; died in October of the same year. 
His sons were * ^ John. Stephen, Christopher, Thomas, — 
2 John, a captain, often a selectman, and representative in 
the General Court, died 1693; his sons, ^ John, Timothy, 
Peter, Samuel. — ^ John lieutenant, selectman, died 1725, 
aged 71 , ^ Ebenezer, Clement, John, Josiah. — "* John ma- 
jor, deacon, died 1765, aged 83. Hannah, his wife, died 
1774, aged 90 ; ^ Josiah, Joseph Dr. II. Coll. Juhn col- 
onel, Esq. — '^ ./o.s-mA, ^ Josiah, Solomon, Jiicob, Benjamin 
colonel, Westford, .Jonathan Rev. Daniel. — ^Josia'i, Methu- 
en, 6 Josi ih, Milford, N. H. Benjamin Hon. Methuen, 
Joseph, John, Samuel, Nathaniel, Thaddeus Rev.— 3 Tint' 
othi/, died 1748, aged 9i). — "* Timothy, ^ Thomas, Isaac 

* The fiofuve prefixed to the name denotes the decree of descent from the origin- 
al selth^r ; the name in Italic letters is the father of the sons mentioned in the same 
sentence. 



20 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

H. Coll. Timothy, Peter.— ^ Peter, ^ Samuel H. Coll. Peter 
Esq. Isaac Esq. Timothy captain. 

2 Stephen, Hooker, Stephen. — ^ Hooker, '* Hooker, 
Joshua, Jonathan, David, Bf^njamin, Moses, Aaron. 

a Stephen, died 1750. Hannah, d. 1774, aged 92; ^ Ste- 
phen, Isaac, Joshua. — ^ Stephen, Tevvksbury, ^ Stephen. 

^ Isaac Capt. ^ David Rev. Medford, Jacob, Kendall 
physician, Peterborough. 

2 Christopher Capt. built Frye's Mills, died 1723, aged 
80 ; 3 Christopher, Ezekiel. 

3 Christopher, BiJlerica, built the first mills on the Con- 
cord, where the Canal intersects the river; '* Jeremiah 
moved to Pomfret, Conn. 

3 Ezekiel, ^ Samuel Capt. died 1748, aged 46. 

2 Thomas, ^ Thomas, .Tosiah. 

John, Ebenezer, Nathaniel, Jeremiah, Daniel. 

Joseph Parker, died 1678. ^ Joseph, Stephen, Samuel. 
— 2 Joseph ; ^ Joseph; "* Joseph, Peter, James Capt. — ^ Pe- 
ter, d. 1795, set. 79 ; ^ Peter, Nathan colonel, Bluehill, 
Robert Esq. Bluehill, Isaac. 

2 Stephen, 3 Stephen, John, Samuel. 

Nathan Parker, died 1685 ; ^ John, Robert, Peter. — 
2 Jb/</?, died 1738, aged 85; ^ John, Nathan, Benjamin, 
James. — ^ John, Jonathan.* 

Richard Barker, d. 1693, '^ John, Ebenezer, William, 
Richard, Stephen, Benjamin. — ^ John deacon, d. 1722 with 
small pox, 3 John, Richard. 

* Asa Parker, deacon of the 9d church of Boxford, died 18^0, aged 90. Having 
engaged to stone a cellar for a blacksmitli in Boxford, and thinking it possible to 
spli» stones with we.lges, propose.] to the blacksmith to prepare some wedges, and 
cases and assist in making the experiment. They first tried upon a stone about the 
size of a half bushel measure and succeeded ; they tried a larger stone with equal 
success. This took place about 1773, and is supposed to be the first attempt 
at splitting stones in this part of the country. The business of splitting and ham- 
meriijg stones soon engaged the attention of others, and has become a useful and 
lucrative employment. 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 21 

3 John, ^ John, Ephraim. 

2 Ehcnezer, d. 1747, aged 95 ; 3 Ebenezer, Nathan. 

2 William, d. 1718, aged 7'2 ; Mary, his wife, d. 1744, 
aged 8b; ^ William, ^o\\n.— ^ Sn mud dewo^on, d. 1706, 
aged 8^3 ; "^ Samuel — widow Elizabeth, d. 1779, aged 83. 

2 Richard— ^ Richard, 4 Abiel. 

2 Stephen, ^ Stephen, Zebadiah, James. 

2 Benjamin, d. 1750, aged 83 \ Benjamin, Joseph, 
Hannaniah, d. 1767, aged 82. 

John Stevens, d. 1662 ; ^ John, Nathan, Ephraim, Jo- 
seph, Benjamin. 

2 Nathan is said to be the first white male child born 
in Aiidover. Ha hid no son, died Fab. 1718, aged 74. 
2 Ephraim, d.l718, aged 69, and 2 Benjamm Esq. d. 1730, 
aged 73, without sons. 

2 John, 3 John, Nathan, Ephraim, Ebenezer, Joshua, 
Samuel, David, Abiel, Benjamin. 

3 John, ^ John, Timothy. — ^ John, ^ John, Isaac, 
Thomas, Jonathan, Daniel, Bemsley, Simon. — ^ Timothy, 
^ Timothy. — 3 Nathan, ^ Nathan, ^ Nathan. 

3 Ebenezer, ^ Aaron, Ebenezer, Phinehas Rev. Bosca- 
wen, Asa, Jacob. 

^ Ebenezer, ^ Amos. — ^ Asa Capt. d. 1755, aged 38; 
^ Asa, William, Simeon. 

4 Jacob, ^ James, Ebenezer. — 3 Samuel, ^ Samuel, 
Joshua, David. — * Samvel, Peter. 

3 Ahiel, 4John, Nathan, Abiel, David.— ^ John, ^ Abi- 
el. — 4 Ahiel, 5 David. 

3 Benjamin, * Benjamin, ^ Benjamin, John, Ebenezer. 

^Joseph deacon, d. 1743, aged 88; 3 Joseph Rev. 
Charlestown, James. Benjamin. 

3 Joseph, '^ Benjamin, D. D. Kittery. — 3 James Capt. 
* James, Joseph, Benjamin. 



5S» HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

^ James, Jonathan, James. — '* Joseph, 5 Joseph, Jona- 
than, Zechariah, Cyrus. 

3 Benjamin^ '* Benjamin, Theodore, George. 
-;>- Nicholas Holt, died 1685 ; ^ Samuel, Henry, Nicholas, 
James, John.— Wid. Martha, d. 1703, aged 80. 

2 Samuel, d. 1703.— 3 Samael, d. 1747, ag. 77, ^ Qba- 
diah. 

2 Henry, 3 Oliver, Henry, James, George, Josiah, 
Paul, William, Humphrey, Benjamin. 

3 Oliver, ^ Oliver, David, Uriah, Jonathan, Joseph, 
Benjamin, Jacob, Thomas, William. — ^ Jacob, ^ Jacob, 
Nehemiah, David. — ^ Jacob, ^ Jacob, Nehemiah, Ephraira 
Esq. Stephen, Uriah Esq. David. 

3 Henry, ^ Ephraim. — 3 George, ^ George. — ^ Jona- 
than, d.l79l, aged 80; ^ Jonathan deacon, Albany, Moses, 
H U. Portland. 

^Nicholas, d. 1715; 3 Nicholas, Thomas, James died 
in the war 1722, Robert, Abiel, Joshua, Daniel. 

3 Nicholas, ^ Stephen, Nicholas Esq. Bluehill, Benja- 
min, Pembroke, Timothy Capt. Wilton, James, Nathan 
Rev. Joshua, Daniel. — ^ Joshua Esq.* ^ Joshua deacon 
Greenfield, N. H. Peter Rev. Peterborough, John, Green- 
field, Timothy, Peterborough, Solomon deacon, Stephen 
deacon, Greenfield. — ^ Daniel, ^ Daniel deacon, Ashby. 

3 Thomas, Joseph, Abiel. 

2 James, 3 Timothy, Joseph, James, Barzillai. — 3 Tim- 
othy, ^ James, Timothy, Joseph. 

^Joseph, H. Coll. Wilton, ^ Joseph, Simeon, Valentine. 

2 John, 3 Moses and Aaron. — 3 John, ^ Jeremiah, Wil- 
ton, d. 1816, aged 76; Amos, d. 1820, aged 80 ; ^ Daniel, d. 
1778, aged 32.-3 Mnses, ^ JVloses. 

* Joshua Holt Esq., a man of sound judgment, firmness and integrity, had the 
confidence and respect of his townsmen, was often a representative in the Gen- 
eral Court, and thirty four years a deacon in the S. Church, and exhibited a good 
christian character. 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 23 

Edmond Faulkner, died 1687 ; ^ Francis, John. 
^ Francis, d. 17'32, aged 80; Edmond, Ammi-ruham- 
mah, Paul. 

3 Edmond, ^ John. 

2 John d. 1706; Daniel, Joseph, d. 1780, aged 86 ; Ne- 
hemiah. 

John Frye, d. 1698, aged 92; 2 John deacon, d. 1696, 
having no children. ^ Samuel, James, Benjamin. — ^ Sam- 
uel, wid. Mary d. 1749, aged 93 ; '^ Samuel, Nathan, Eben- 
ezer, Benjamin Capt. Salem. — ^ Samuel, "* Peter Col. Sa- 
lem, William, Samuel, James, Timothy, John. — "* William^ 
^ Philip, Moses, Peter Capt. Isaac, Daniel Capt. Nathan, 
William, Benjamin.— ^ >S^ttmz<e/, d. 1S12, aged 88 ; ^ Theo- 
philus, Samuel. — '^ James, ^ James, Zechariah. — "^ Timothy, 
^ Timothy, Ezekiel, Jedidiah, Peter. — ^ John, ^ Samuel, 
Peter. — ^ Ebenezer, ^ Ebenezer, David Capt. Jonathan, 
John Esq. — ^ Ebenezer, ^ Ebenezer Capt. David John. — 
3 John, ^ John, Joseph Gen. Abiel, Joshua, Isaac. — ^ Jo- 
seph Gen. Joseph Capt. Samuel, Nathaniel. — "* Abiel 
^ Abiel, Isaac Maj. Simon Hon. — ^ Joshua, Joshua, John. — 
2 James Capt. d. 1734, aged 81; ^ James, Jonathan, killed 
in Loveweli's fight, 1725. — ^ James ; '^ James Col. ^ James, 
Methuen, d. 1826, ag. 86 ; Jonathan, H. Coll. Frederic 
Esq. — 2 Benjamin, 3 John, Nathaniel Capt. d. 1777, aged 86. 
— ^ John, ^Timothy, Joseph, Benjamin. — "* Timothy ^ 
5 John Capt. Nathaniel. — ^ Joseph, ^ Benjamin, Nathaniel. 

4 Joseph Frye, born April 1711, was justice of peace, 
representative in the General Court, and useful in the affairs 
of the town. He served in the war of 1755, and was at the 
siege of Louisburgh. He was Colonel at the unfortunate 
capture of Fort William Henry by Montcalm, in 1757. 
" La Come, who had great influence among the savages 
sent for Col. Frye, commanding the Massachusetts reg- 
iment, and informed him that he well remembered the hu- 



?4 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

manity he had shown to his countrymen in Nova Scotia ; 
that he siiould embrace the present opportunity to express 
his gratitude, and reward his humanity ; and that neither 
he nor any of the Massachusetts troops, should receive in- 
suh or injury from the Indians. But during the whole 
transaction, he kept at a distance, nor did he send a party to 
afford the promised protection, nor use his influence to 
moderate the vengeance of the Indians. 

In the confusion consequent on the attack upon the 
defenceless troops, an Indian chief seized Col. Frye, plun- 
dered and stripped him of his clothes, even to his shirt, and 
then led him into the woods in a direction and manner 
which left no doubt as to the design of the ferocious chief. 
Arriving at a secluded spot, where the Colonel expected to 
meet his fate, he determined to make one effort for his life, 
and roused by desperation, with no other arms than na- 
ture gave him, he sprang upon the savage, overpowered 
and killed him on the spot, and fleeing rapidly into a thick 
wood, he eluded the search of the Indians. After wander- 
ing in various directions, for several days, subsisting whol- 
ly on whortleberries, he reached Fort Edward and joined 
his suffering companions."* 

He was appointed Major General on the 21st June 1775, 
by the Provincial Congress. He continued a short time 
with the troops at Cambridge in the revolutionary war. 

He with his family moved to Fryeburgh among the ear- 
ly settlers, from whom the town received its name. 

^ James Frye sustained various municipal offices, and 
was active in the service of his country. He was in the 
war of 1755 ; and at the commencement of the revolution- 
ary war was Colonel in the militia. He commanded a 
regiment at Cambridge, of which James Bricket was Lt. 
Colonel, and Thomas Poor was Major. On the memora- 

* Iloyt's History of Indiaa wars, p. 291. 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 25 

able day of the battle of Bunker hill, while Major Gridley's 
battalion of artillery was halted on the road to Charles- 
town, Col. Frye (who was absent from his regiment the 
day before on duty, but the battle approaching had found 
his way to the field) riding for Charlestown, galloped up 
to them and demanded of the senior Captain, why this un- 
seasonable halt ! was astonished at the reply, and ordered 
them instantly to the field. This veteran also animated 
their courage by the glorious recollection, -this day thirty 
years since, I was at the taking of Louisburg, when it 
was surrendered to us ; it is a fortunate day for America ; 
we shall certainly beat the enemy.' "* In Col. Frye's reg- 
iment 15 men were killed, and 31 wounded in Bunker 
hill battle. He died Jan. 1776, ag. 66. 

^ Simon Frye moved with his family to Fryeburg among the 
adventurers who first settled in that town. A number of fam- 
ilies from Andover settled there, when they were obliged to 
travel 50 miles through the woods, and it was difficult to 
pass several large streams. He was an exemplary and useful 
citizen, an active supporter of the revolution, and of the 
State and General Government, and enjoyed much of the fa- 
vour of the people. He was a member of the house of 
Representatives, of the Senate and of the Council for near- 
ly 20 years; and was a justice of the C. C. P. in York 
county, and chief Justice of the same court in the county 
of Oxford. He died Oct. 1822, ag. 82 years. 

Robert Barnard, ^ John, Stephen. — ^ John, — 3 John, 
4 John. 

2 Stephen, died 1722, ag. 73 ; ^ Nathaniel, James, 
Robert, Stephen. 

3 Ruhert, 4 Robert, Benjamin. — "^ Robert, Stow, ^ Jer- 
emiah Rev. Amherst, N. H. his mother, Wid. Mary, died 
13 Oct. 1823, ag. 101 years and 6 months. 

* Swell's History of Bunker hill Batlle. 

3 



26* HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

3 James, * James. 

^ Stephen, ^ Stephen. 

Henry Jaques, Richard Blake, Thomas Poor died 1695, 
had no children in Andover. 

John Aslett, died 1671, ^ John — none of the family re- 
main in town. 

Daniel Poor, died 1713, aged 85 ; ^ Daniel, John. — 
2 Daniel, d. 1735, aged 79 ; ^ Daniel, John, Samuel, Jo- 
seph, Thomas. — ^ Daniel, d. 1772, aged 84 ; ^ Timothy, 
Daniel. — ^Timothy, ^ Theodore. 

3 John, 4 John d. 1811, aged 94, ate 72 annual thanks- 
giving dinners with his wife after marriage — she died Jan. 
6th, 1820, aged 98. ^ John, ^ John, Henry, Timothy colo- 
nel.— ^ Joseph died 1780, ag. 79. ^ Thomas, ^ Thomas col- 
onel, Methuen, Enoch General, Exeter, Daniel deacon, 
South Parish, Joseph deacon, Danvers, Abraham. 

3 Samuel. — '* Benjamin deacon, Andover, Me. ^ Ben- 
jamin, Belfast — ^ Ebenezer, Andover, Me. ^ Ebenezer, 
physician. Senator, Castine. 

^ Enoch Poor, in 1775, was appointed to the command 
of one of the N, Hampshire regiments. He served in the 
war five years ; and died in N. Jersey, 8th Sept. 1780, ag. 43. 
A funeral oration was delivered at his interment at Hackin- 
sack by Rev. Israel Evans, his chaplain, in which his charac- 
ter is thus given. "He was prudent in counsel and solid in 
judgment, firm and steady in his resolutions, cautious of unne- 
cessary danger, calm and undaunted in battle, vigorous and 
unwearied in obeying military commands, and executing 
enterprises ; patient and persevering under hardships and 
difficulties, punctual and exact in the duties of the army. 
— He was a friend of the moral and social virtues, and 
taught the excellence of them by his own example. He 
was an advocate for public worship, always assembling 
the troops under his command, on all proper occasions, and 
giving his own personal attendance. 



SETTLEiAIENT AND SETTLERS. 27 

"From Boston to Canada, from Canada to the fortresses 
on lake Champlain, from thence in various marches, en- 
counters and hardships, until liis troops fought the army of 
Burgoyne on the heights of Behmus, where in repeated lai- 
ties, and in the convention of Saratoga, he was entitled io 
a large share of those laurels, which crowned the American 
arms." In 1779, he accompanied Gen. Sullivan in the wil- 
derness as far as the Genesee and defeated the savage rn- 
emy. In 1780, he commanded a brigade under Maj. Gen. 
La Fayette. 

''William Ballard, ^ Joseph, William, John. — ^ Joseph 
d. 1722, 3 Joseph, William, Hezekiah, Uriah. — ^ Joseph 
d. 1732, aged 65. ^ Jeremiah, Joseph, Josiah, Benjamin, 
Timothy.— 4 Josiah, d. 1789, aged 81 ; ^ William,-^ Tim- 
othi/i ^ Timothy, John, Nathan, Joseph. — ^ Timothy^ ^ 
Timothy, William, Joshua — ^ Nathan^ Concord, ^ Nathan, 
John. 4 Benjamin, ^ Joseph physician, Concord. 

2 Hezekiah, ^ Hezekiah deacon, ^ Hezekiah. ^ Uri- 
ah, 4 Uriah d. 1803, aged 90 ; ^ Uriah, Fryeburg. 

2 William, ^ Enoch, John, Peleg, Thomas. 

^ John d. 1715, aged 62; ^ John, Jonathan, ^ Shcre^ 
biah, 4 John. 

John Lovejoy d. 1690 ; ^ John, William, Christopher, 
Joseph, Nathaniel, Ebenezer. 

^ John, ^ John ^ William deacon, ^ William, Hen- 
ry, Caleb, Samuel. 

3 William, ^ William Capt.— ^ Henry, ^ Henry, Da- 
vid, Joshua, ^ Henry d. 1796, aged 92. 

^ William, ^ William, Samuel Maj. Wilton. Henry, 
David. — 4 Joshua, ^ Joshua Esq. deacon, Sanbornton. 

2 Christopher, d. 1737, aged 76 ; ^ Christopher, d. 
1732 aged 45 — '^Hezekiah; Widow Hannah died 1805, 
aged 101 years, having had 336 descendants ; ^ Hezekiah, 
Capt., Amherst. ^ Jonathan^ Jonathan. 



^^ filSTORV OP ANDOVRR. 

2 Joseph, d. 1737, aged 76. ^ Joseph, ^ Benjamin, 
4John. 

2 iV«M«w/fi/d. 1751, aged 84. ^ j\j[athaniel, Timothy, 
Ezekiel — 3 Nathaniel Capt. "* Nathaniel Gen. H. U. 

2 Ebeneze?' died 1759, aged 86. ^ Ehenezer, John — 
3 Ebenezer, ^ Ebenezer — Wid. Mary Lovejoy died 1795, 
aged 98 ; average age of five sons of John Lovejoy is 83 
years and 7 months. 

Andrew Allen, died 1690 — ^ Andrew, John — ^ An- 
drew, ^ James, Andrew, Thomas — ^ Andrew, ^ James, 
John — 2 John, ^ John. 

John Russ, died 1692, ^ John, Jonathan, Thomas, 
Josiah, Joseph. 

2 Thomas, ^ Thomas. — None of the name now in An- 
dover. 

George Abbot married Hannah Chandler, 1647, died 
Dec. 1681 ; she died June, 1711, aged 82, ^ John, Joseph, 
killed by the Indians, 1676, George, William, Benjamin, 
Timothy, Thomas, Nathaniel, Hannah, Sarah, Elizabeth ; 
ten had families in Andover and 72 children ; 30 of these 
had families in Andover, and 14 in other places; average 
age of the ten 67 years and 8 months. — ^ John deacon, 
died 1721, aged 73; ^ John, Joseph, Stephen, Ephraim, 
Joshua, Ebenezer, Sarah, Priscilla ; average of the eight 
80 years and 3 months. — ^ jghi deacon, died 1754, aged 
79; ^ John, Barachias, Abiel H. Coll. Joseph ; average age 
of three, 78 years 10 months. — Vo/m Capt. died 1793, aged 
89 ; ^ John, Ezra died 1760, in the war, Abiel, Jeremiah, 
William— 5 John Capt. died 1818, aged 82, 6 John H. U. 
Ezra, Benjamin I. L. D. Exeter, Abiel D. D. Beverly. 
—5 Abiel Esq. deacon, Wilton, died 1809, aged QS, ^ Abiel 
H. U. Jacob H. U. Benjamin Esq. Temple Me. died 1823, 
aged 53; Ezra deacon, Samuel H. U. — ^ J* re?nm7i, Wilton, 
died 1825, aged 82 ; ^ Jeremiah, Zebadiah — ^ William 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 



29 



Esq. Wilton, died 171)3, aged 45, 6 William H. U. Cas- 
tine, John physician, Hampden, Timothy Esq. Herman 
physician Belfast, died 1825, aged 42, Ezra Esq. Jackson, 
Isaac Esq. Jackson, Me. — '* Barachias died 1784, aged 
77, ^ Moses Capt. died 1826, aged 90. Barachias, Wilton, 
died 1812, aged 73.—'* Joseph, Chester Vt. died 1789, aged 
70, ^ Joseph, Abie), John, Ebenezer. — ^ Joseph, died 1757, 
aged 80, ^ Joseph, ^ Joseph, Andover, Vt. — ^ Stephen, 
died 1766, aged 82, ^ Stephen, Ephraim, Samuel.-"^ Stephen, 
^ Stephen Capt. in revolutionary war, Major General of Es- 
sex militia, merchant, Salem, a benevolent and useful citi- 
zen, died 1813, aged 64, George, Abner, Albany, Me. — 

4 Ephraim, ^ Ephraim, miller — ^ Ephraim, died 1748, aged 
(SQ, ^ Ephraim, Amherst, N. H. Joshua, Amherst, Daniel, 
Josiah, Amherst, Ebenezer, Peter, Kingston, N. H.-*^ Josh- 
iia, Billerica about 1708, deacon, town clerk 31 years, died 
1769, aged 84. ^ Joshua deacon, died 1807, aged 85, with- 
out issue, John, Oliver, died 1796, aged 69, leaving no 
sons, David — ^ John deacon, Westford, died 1791, aged 78, 

5 John, ^ John H. U. Counsellor at law, Senator, &c. 
^ Johu W. Pitt, H. U.— 6 Abel, 7 Julian, H. U.— * David 
died 1801, aged 72, ^ David H. U. died 1804, aged 33, 
Blaney Esq. — ^ Ebenezer, ^ Isaac. James physician, Dra- 
cut — ^ Isaac, ^ Ebenezer, Isaac, Simon, moved to Frye- 
burg — 2 George Capt. died 1736, aged 81, ^ Joseph, Na- 
than, Daniel, George, Henry, Isaac — ^ George Capt. died 
1768, aged 75, ^ George, Samuel Esq. merchant, Boston, 
removed to Andover 1776, a founder of the Theological 
Institution, to which he gave the greater part of a very 
large estate ; died April 1812, aged 80, without cliildreii. 
His wife died 1816, aged 89.—^ George Esq. Col. died 
Dec. 1775, aged 51, ^ George merchant, Salem, died 
1784, aged 36, John Lovejoy, Samuel H. V.-^John Love- 

joy Esq. 6 John Lovejoy II. U. George Capt. died 1822, 
3* 



30 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

aged 37; Samuel, William Lovejoy — ^ Henry died 1776, 
aged 80, '* Henry Capt. died 1805, aged 80, ^ Henry H. U. 
Isaac. 3 Isaac H. U. deacon died 1784, aged 85. — '* laaac 
deacon, ^ Isaac, William, Concord N. H. — "William di'iedi 
1713, aged 56, ^ James, Paul, Philip — ^ James Concord, 
about 1737 died 1778, aged 83. "^ James, Reuben died 1822, 
aged 99 and 10 months; Amos died 1821, aged 95. — ^Paul, 
Pomfret, Con. '* Nathan, William, Darius, Benjamin, Isaac, 
Asa — 3 Philip, Hampton, Con. ^ Joseph Col. Ellington. 
No male Descendants of ^ William remain in Andover — 
^ Benjamin died 1703, aged 41, ^ Benjamin, Jonathan, 
David, Samuel no children — ^ Benjamin, ^ Benjamin, Dan- 
iel, Abiel, Jacob died 1760 in the war — "* Benjamin Capt. 
Hollis, ^ Benjamin, Samuel, George, Joel, Jacob. — ^Daniel 
Dracut, died 1793, aged 67, ^ Daniel, William, Samuel, 
Jonathan. — ^ Abiel physician, ^ Abiel, Benjamin Capt. 
deacon, Newburyport. 

^Jonathan, died 1770, aged 82, '^ Jonathan, David, 
Pembroke, N. H. Nathan, died 1798, aged 80, Job, Sam- 
uel, Pembroke. 

"* Jonathan, died 1794, aged 80, ^ Jonathan, William, 
Wilton died 1807, aged 61. Nathan. 

^ Jonathan, died 1721, aged 81, "^ Jonathan, Bethel, Me. 
Stephen Capt. — "* Job, Pembroke, ^ Nathan, Job Wilton — 
5 /VaM«w deacon ^ Nathan, Job Capt. Abel Capt. Paschal 
deacon, Jeremiah, Amos Dexter, Me. Joshua Dexter — 
3 Davids ^ David, Solomon, Jonathan — '^ David, ^ Josiah, 
Samuel, David, Benjamin — ^ Solomon, Dracut, ^ Solomon, 
Colby, 4 Jonathan, Capt. died 1817, aged 78, ^ Jonathan, 
David, Nathan, Benjamin, Solomon — ~ Timothy, died 1730, 
aged 67, — 3 Timothy, died 1766, aged 73, "^ Timothy, Asa, 
Nathan, — ^ Asa died 1796, aged 75; Elizabeth his wife died 
1819, aged 93, ^ Timothy, Caleb, Daniel died 1776, in the 
army, Nathan Billerica — ^ Timothy died 1826, aged 80 ; 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 31 

e Asa, Daniel H. U.—^ Caleb, « Caleb Capt. Chelmsford, 
Timothy, Orlando, Charles, Gardner, Samuel, Daniel — 
4 Nathan Wilton, ^ Paul, Nathan, Timothy. 

2 Tliomas, died 1728, aged 62, ^ Thomas, Edward, 
George, Zebadiah, Benjamin, Isaac. 

3 Thomas, died 1774, aged 75, ^ Thomas, Jabez, Con- 
cord, N. H. Aaron, Fryeburg, Joseph, died at Quebec, 
1758, Nathan Concord, Jesse Concord — "* Thomas, died 
1775, aged 4(5, ^ Thomas Esq. Providence, died 1826, aged 
65—3 Edward, Concord, ^ Edward, born Jan. 7th. 1731, 
first white male child born in Concord, Timothy — ^ Qeorge 
deacon, Concord, ^ George, Daniel, Joseph, Samuel, Na- 
than, Stephen. — ^ Benjamin, Concord, ^ Isaac, '* Bnya' 
min^ ^ Ephraim Rev. Greenland, Benjamin, Hartland, Vt. 
Isaac, Hartland, Theodore, — ^ Nathaniel, died 1749, aged 
78, 3 Nathaniel, Joseph, Jeremiah — ^ Nathaniel Capt. Con- 
cord, ^ Nathaniel, Joshua, Jeremiah, Conway, N. H.-"* Na- 
thaniel, ^ Nathaniel C, Moses, Philip, Joshua, Levi, David, 
Joseph — "* Joshua Capt. ^ Nathaniel, John Sullivan, Josh- 
ua Rev. died 1824, Norfolk, Va. 

3 Joseph deacon, died 1787, aged 82, "* Joseph, Jacob, 
Nathaniel — '^ Joseph, Wilton, ^ Joseph, Keene, Joshua, 
Nelson, James Esq. Billerica, Israel, Jedidiah — ** Jacob, 
Wilton, ^ Jacob, John Stevens H. U. died 1805, aged 25. 
—5 Jacob, 6 Jacob, Bowd. Coll. Prof. Am. Coll., John Ste- 
vens Cabot, B. Coll. Gorham Dujnmer, B. Coll. Charles 
Edward, Samuel Phillips.-^ Nathaniel, Wilton, ^ Nathan- 
iel, Peter. 

3 Jeremiah, Billerica, ^ Jeremiah, William. — "* Jeremiah, 
^ Jeremiah, Jonas, Silas, William. 

^ Jacob Abbot, Esq. Wilton, representative to the Gen- 
eral Court, Counsellor, Justice C. C. P. for Hillsborough 
Co. ; moved to Andover, a useful Trustee of Phillips Acad- 
emy ; moved to Brunswick, Me. an active overseer of Bowd. 



32 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Coll. Senator for Cumberland Co. ; died 1820, aged 74. 
He was sagacious, honest, pleasant, useful, and^respected. 

Andrew Foster, died 1685, May, aged lOG — ^ An- 
drew, 3 Abraham died 1723, "* Joseph, Andrew, Abraham 
—4 Jacob died 1806, aged 88. Abigail, his wife died 1802, 
aged 83, ^ Jacob, Isaac. 

Thomas Chandler Capt. son of William and Annice 
died 1703, Hannah his wife died 1717, aged 87, 2 John, 
William, Thomas, Henry, Joseph — ^ JohnCsipt. died 1721 ; 
his wife Hannah died 1741, aged 90, ^ John, Zebadiah, 
Abiel— 3 Jolm* Capt. died 1740, aged 60, ^ John, Joshua. 

2 William, ^ Josiah, Philemon, Zechariah — ^ Josiah, 
Samuel H. U., Jonathan. 

3 Philemon, '* William, Philemon died 1798, aged 81 
— "* William, ^ Isaac, Philemon, Dover. 

2 Thomas Capt. died 1737, aged 73. 3 Thomas, Tim- 
othy, Ephraim, David — 3 Thomas, ^ James H. U. John 
H. U.— 3 David, ^ David, Daniel, Samuel H. U., John. 

2 Henry, 3 Henry, Samuel, Daniel, Nehemiah. 

2 Joseph, died 1734, aged 65, 3 Joseph, Isaac, 3 iVa- 
than, died 1784, aged 77. — 4 Nathan, ^ Nathan, Concord, 
N. H. 

3 Joseph, Salisbury — 4 Joseph Capt. Epping, died 1776, 
Sept. at Mount Independence, ^ John Monmouth, Me. 
1784 — Several years Representative and Senator in the 
Legislature, Mass. ; Sheritf of Kennebec Co. ; Major Gen- 
eral of militia ; Brigadier General during the last war; 

* Capt. John Chandler, celebrated for wrestling, finding no champion who 
could throw him, and being informed that Rev. Mr Wise of Ipswich excelled in this 
art and had not been thrown, made a journey on purpose to try his strength and 
skill. Mr. Wise on being requested to wrestle declined, having relinquished the 
practice as unsuitable to his profession. Being earnestly solicited by Mr. Chandler, 
they went into the door yard, which was fenced by a wall set into the bank, took 
hold and began to play, when Mr. Wise suddenly with a trip and twitch threw him 
over the wall upon his back. Mr. Chandler rose and requested another trial, but 
Mr. Wise refused. So the Capt. returned home sadly disappointed. • ' 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 33 

1805, four years Represontative to Congress; 1820 Sen- 
ator of the Congress of the U. S. ; 1823, reelected to the 
same office for the term of six years. A Trustee of Bow- 
doin College. 

Job Tyler. ^ Moses died 1727 aged 85. ^ Hopestill, 
Samuel—^ Moses, ^ Moses, John, Joseph, Ebenezer, Job, 
Samuel, Nathaniel. Jonathan, James, Joshua. 

^ Tlopestill, ^ James, Hopestill — ^ John, '^ John, Na- 
than, Robert. 

Edmond Ingalls came from Lincolnshire to Lynn, 
1629 ; his sons were ^ Samuel, Henry and Joseph. Samuel 
has posterity in Lynn. 

2 Henry settled in Andover, died 17J9, aged 92, wid. 
Sarah died 1728, aged 90, ^ Henry, Stephen, John, James, 
Josiah, Francis — "^ Henry, ^ Henry, Francis, Jcseph — 
"^ Henry, ^ Henry, David, John, Isaac — ^ Henry Capt. 
died 1803, aared 84, ^ Henry, Solomon deacon, Daniel, 
Putnam — -^ David, David, Israel—^ John, ^ John Col. Jed- 
idiah H. U. — 4 Francis, ^Ebenezer, Francis, Abijah— ^£6- 
enezer, ^ Sarauel, James -^ Ahijah, ^ Jeremiah, Jonathan, 
Hutchinson, Ezra — "^Joseph, ^Joseph, ^ Calvin D. C. Rev. 
Stafford— ^ Jc).s7i:7Y/, ^ Stephen, Simon — '■^ James, '^ James, 
^ James Esq., Ephraim — ^ James, ^ Charles D. Coll. 1790, 
Attorney, Alfred — ^Josiah, '^Josiah deacon, ^Ebenezer 
Amos, Simeon, Jonathan- 3 Samuel, ^ Samuel, Moses — 
^ Samuel deacon, ^ Samuel, Timothy — "* Moses, 5 Daniel, 
Benjamin, William, John — ^ Dankl, ^ Samuel, Fletcher — 
5 Benjamin, Micajah Capt. — 5 William Newburyport, Wil- 
liam H. U. 1790, M. D. Boston -^ Stephen, ^Ephraim, 
^ Ephraim — 3 John, '*John, Stephen, Benjamin—'iJo/w, John 
— '^Stephen, ^ Stephen — ^ Benjeimin, ^Benjamin — ^ Fran' 
cis, ^ Nathan, Josiah, Phinehas deacon, Francis, Jonathan^ 

Ralph Farnum married Elizabeth Holt, 1058, ~ Ralph, 
John, Henry, Thomas, Ephraim — 2 Ralph, ^ Henry, Ralph, 



34 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Daniel, William, Nathaniel, Barachias, Benjamin, Josiah — 
^ Henri/, Henry, Manasseh — ^ John, ^ John deacon, died 
1762, aged 77. Wid. Joanna, died 1785, aged 98 — 3 JameSy 

4 James— 2 Ephraim, ^ Ephraim, James, Joseph. 

Thomas Farnum, married Elizabeth Sibborn 1660, 
2 Thomas, ^ Ebenezer. 
— -- John Farnum and Rebekah Kent were married 1667, 

2 John, Stephen, Jonathan, Thomas, David—- John, 3 John 
— ^ Jonathan, ^ Jonathan — ^ David, ^ Peter. 

George Abbot, son of George, who died at Rowley 
1647, leaving two other sons, Nehemiah and Thomas, was 
married to Sarah Farnum, 1658 ; He died 1689. ^ George, 
John, Nehemiah, Samuel ; ^ George died 1724, aged 66, 
•^ George, Uriah, Jacob, Brookfield, Obed, Bedford, Moses 
— 3 Uriah died 1770, aged 77, 4 John, Uriah, William, 
^ John died 1779, aged 54, •'' Nehemiah, ^ John, Portsmouth, 
Butler, Newburyport — 3 Ohed, Bedford, "^ Moses, has pos- 
terity in Bedford — ^ Nehemiah deacon, esteemed for his 
christian virtues, died 1750, aged 83, ^ Nehemiah, Abiel, 
settled in Windsor, Con. Zebadiah^ John Tolland, Con. — 

3 Nehemiah Lexington, "* Nehemiah physician Chelmsford, 
died 1785. William, Joseph, — ^ William died 1798, aged 
74, ^ Jeduthan, Bigsby — ^ Jeduthun Capt. ^ Jeduthan, Amos 
deacon — ^ Bigshy, ^ William, Benjamin Col. Joseph, Hen- 
ry, Asa, Samuel, Nehemiah, Timothy, Warren M. D. — 
•^ Zebadiah, ^ Nehemiah, Zebadiah — "^ Nehemiah died 
1808, aged 77. Trustee and Treasurer of Phillips Academy, 

5 Nehemiah, Abiel, William Lovejoy H. U. ^ Abiel, 

Nehemiah — '^ Zebadiah dea.con, trader, died 1793, aged 54, 
5 Zebadiah deacon, Herman. 

^ Obed was on the committee to attend the council at 
the ordination of Mr. Penniman. When the Council as- 
sembled, Mr. C. objected against Mr. E. sitting in council. 
The council entered into conversation on the subject, and 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 35 

delayed so long, that the people were apprehensive that the 
ordination would not be performed that day. Mr. Abbot cal- 
led for a bowl, lemons, sugar, &c. made a bowl full of punch, 
carried it to the council chamber, begged leave to call the 
attention of the gentlemen a moment, said, that they had 
been laboring a long time and needed refreshment, and 
hoped they would receive it kindly; and, if perchance, 
they should discover a fly or mote in the punch, they would 
carefully remove it without spilling all the punch or break- 
ing the bowl. The gentlemen with good humour drank 
the punch, took the hint and proceeded immediately to the 
business of the ordination. 

Thomas Abbot married Sarah Steward, 1664, 2 Thom- 
as, Joseph, Nathaniel, John— 2 Thomas died 1753, aged 
86, 3 Thomas— 2 Nathaniel, ^ Nathaniel -2 j^^j^^^ 3 j^/j^^ 
Jonathan, Philip, John. These with families moved to 
Andover, Me., and no descendants of Thomas remain in 
town. 

Mark Graves, 2 Abraham, Mark, Thomas — 2 Abra- 
ham, wid. Sarah died 1759, aged 90, 3 Samuel, Thomas, 
Eleazer, John. Descendants have left Andover. Wid. 
Sarah died 1787, aged 80. 

Stephen Johnson, 2 Francis, born 1666. Stephen, 
Joseph, Benjamin— 2 Francis, 3 Francis, Adam, Samuel, 
Jonathan, William. 

Thomas Johnson, died 1719, aged 88, 2 John, died 
1741, aged 74. Thomas, James, Peter, 2 Josiah, 3 David 
—2 Ja7nes, 3 James, Andrew, Peter, Obadiah died 1780, 
aged 81. Joseph — "^ James, 3 James, Peter. 

Timothy Johnson, 2 John born 1677, Timothy, Sam- 
uel, Peter— 2 John died 1761, aged 84, ^ Jokn^ 4 John— 
2 Timothij, 3 Timothy, Samuel. 

William Johnson, died 1725, aged 75, 2 Benjamin, 
William, Caleb— 2 Benjamin, 3 Benjamin. Col. Samuel 



36 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Johnson, died Nov. 12, 1706, ^t. 84, active and useful 
in the affairs of the town and esteemed. 

Major Samuel Johnson died August 1824, aged 81, an 
active officer in the war of the revolution. 

Robert Russell, died 1710, aged 80, ^ Robert, 
Thomas, Joseph, Benjamin, John — ^ Rohert died 1689, 
in war, ^ Thomas — ^ Thomas died 1731, aged 68, ^ Thom- 
as, Peter, Joseph — ^ Benjamin^ ^Benjamin — ^ James, 
3 Thomas— ^John, died 1778, aged 96 years 4 months 
3 John, Joseph. 

Walter Wright, died 1712, aged 70, 2 Walter, born 
1668, Christopher, John, Thomas, Joseph — ^ John, John, 
Joshua. Wid. Mary, died 1754, aged 80 — ^ Joseph, Jo- 
seph. 

Joseph Robinson, died 1719, aged 75, ^ Dane, ^ Jo- 
seph died 1761, aged 83. Joseph, — ^ Dane, ^ Dane. 

Joshua Woodman, died 1703, aged 67, in Byfield, 

2 Joshua born 1672, Jonathan, Benjamin. 

Joseph Marble, married to Mary Faulkner 1671, ^Jo- 
seph, Jonathan, Edmond. 

Samuel Marble, 2 Samuel, born 1660, Freegrace, 
Enoch, Noah, Daniel, Job and Rebekah, twins, born 1695. 

John Remington, ^ Joseph, born 1650, Thomas. 

Robert Eimes, or Ames, 3 Daniel born 1663, John, 
Robert, Jacob, Joseph, Nathan, — ^ John, 3 John. 

Samuel Preston, died 1738, aged 85, 2 Samuel, Wil- 
liam, Jacob, John, Joseph— 2 Samuel died 1717, aged 45, 

3 Samuel, Isaac — ^ Jacob, ^ Benjamin — ^ John, ^ Thomas, 
John — 2 Joseph ^ .? Joseph. 

Alexander Sessions, 2 John, born 1674, Alexander, 
Tnuothy, Samuel, Neiiemiah, Josiah, Joseph. 

Daniel Bigsbie, died 1717, aged 66, 2 Daniel, Thom- 
as, David, Joseph. 

Henry Gray, came to Andover with ^ Robert, died 



SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 37 

1718, aged 84, ^ Edward, Thomas, Braviter, Aaron — 
Edioard, died 1759, aged 80, ^ Edward, Henry, Samu- 
el, Aaron— "^ Braviter, "* Joseph, Braviter— ^/Jo^er^, ^ Jon- 
athan, Timothy deacon, WiUon died 1793, aged 74. ^Tim- 
othy, James Best and Jonathan, died in the war, Joseph. 

Samuel Wardwell, died 1692. ^ William, Samuel, 
Eliakim, Wid. Margaret died 1795, aged 88.— 2 William, 
died 1751, aged 78, William, died 1789, aged 83. Jon- 
athan, Tohn - ^Samuel, ^ Samuel. 

John Marstin, ^ Ephraim born 1174, Benjamin, John. 

Jacob Marstin, died 1727, ~ Jacob, born 1688. Daniel, 
John, Samuel. 

William Blunt, died 1709, aged 67, ~ William, Sam- 
uel, Hanburough— "^ William, died 1738, aged 67, David, 
John H. U. .Jonathan, Ebenezer. Isaac died 1798, aged 87. 

Andrew Peters, died 1713, aged 77, came with his 
family, ^ Andrew, William, John, Samuel — '^ Andrew, 3 An- 
drew, ^ Andrew, Sibbon. — '^ William, ^ John — ^ Samuel, 
died 1736, 3 Samuel, born 1697, Andrew Rev. William, 
John Beamsley — '^ Samuel,. .)ose'^\\—^ William., Medfield, 
died 1786 or 7, aged 85. Hannah, his wife died 1796, aged 
93, ^ Joseph died 1800, aged 71, Benjamin aged 72, Ma- 
ry aged 81, Adam 79, Eve 87, Taphencs 77, Andrew 80, 
Nathan 77, Jethro, living in 1824, aged 80, Finis died 
1822, aged 73 ; Average age often 77 years and 8 months. 
-3 jb/i?i,4 John Esq. Bluehill, died 1823, aged 30, Andrew, 
died 1825, ased 80, Ariel, Joseph. — '^ John, ^ John, James 
Lemuel, Daniel — * Andrew, ^ Andrew, John, Daniel — 
3 Joseph, Henry A. H. U. John, Joseph, Jeremy. 

John Bridges, died 1736, ^ James, Samuel — "^ James, 
•^ Jamos, John, — 3 John, 4 Moody died 1736, James, John. 
— ^ James, ^' Moody col. 

Joseph Wilson, died 1718, aged 75, son, as it is said, 
of Rev. John Wilson, Boston, ^ Joseph born 1677, John — 
4 



^8 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

2 Joseph, 3 Joseph — John, 3 John, ^ Joshua deacon, Abiel 
Esq. Wilton. 

Edward Phelps, ^ Edward, John — 2 Edward, ^ Ed- 
ward, Robert. 

Samuel Phelps, died 1746, aged 95, 2 Samuel, John, 
Joseph, Thomas — ^ Samuel, ^ Samuel, Wid. Hannah, died 
1746, aged 94. Francis, Joseph — ^ Samuel, died 1756, in 
war, '* Joshua, Henry — ^Francis, ^Timothy, Joseph — 
4 Joseph died 1822, aged 78. ^ Joseph, Elisha, Wid. Eliz- 
abeth died 1828, aged 92. 

Moses Haggett, ^ Moses, William, Timothy, Thom- 
as — 2 Moses, 3 Moses, Henry. 

John Granger, died 1725, aged 70, ^ John, Daniel, 
Samuel. 

Abraham Moar, died 1706, ^ Timothy born 1688, 
Abraham, Daniel. 

Samuel Martin, wid. Abigail, died 1739, aged 87. 
^ Samuel, born 1680, John, Nathaniel—- John, died 1764, 
aged 79, 3 Joseph, Jonathan Wilton, died 1824, aged 91. 

Ephraim Foster, died 1746, aged 88, ^ Ephraim, 
John, David, Moses, Joshua, Aaron — 2 Ephraim, ^ Jedidi- 
ah H. C. ^ Theodore senator U. S. Dwight senator U.' S. 
— 2 John, 3 John, Stephen— ^ John, '^ John, Ephraim, Wil- 
liam — 4 John, Joseph, Jonas, Moody — 4 William, ^William, 
Jacob, John, Israel— ^ Stephen, ^ David, Stephen, Simeon, 
John, Nathan, Daniel— ^ David, ^ Samuel, Moses—'* Ste- 
phen, ^ Stephen, John, Samuel, Joseph, Ebenezer — 
^ John, Stephen Rev. Isaac — "* Nathan, Nathan — ^ Daniel, 
Daniel, John — ^ David deacon, ^ David —2 Moses, Pem- 
broke, 3 Ephraim, Moses, Asa, Caleb, Daniel— '^ Asa ^ Asa, 
Oliver, Richard, Joseph F., Stephen, Frederic, Moses — 
^Caleb, 4 Caleb.— 2 Aaron, Bolton, 3 Elijah. 

John Aslebe, died 1728, aged 72, Wid. Mary, died 
1740; aged 84, 2 John. 



SETTLEMENT AND 5ETTLERS. 39 

John Carlton, died 1745, aged 87. ^ John, Christo- 
pher, Toseph, Daniel, ^ John^ ^ioshua, '^ ChristojjJier, '^IsdiSiC. 
— 2 Joseph, 3 Joseph. 

Laurence Lacy, ^ Laurence born 1683. 
Thomas Austin, '^Thomas, born 1 69L Benjamin, Dan- 
iel, Abiel. 

Samuel Austin, died 1753, aged 83. Wid, Lucy, died 
1759, aged 88. ^ Samuel, ^ John, Daniel. 

Robert Swan, ^ Richard, born 1691 — Joshua, ^ Josh- 
ua, Caleb Capt. 

Henry Bodwell, ^ Josiah, born 1686, Henry, James, 
Daniel -2 James, ^ James. 

John Farring^ton, ^ Edward, born 1662 in England, 
came from Lynn to Andover-^ Edward, ^ John, born 1693, 
Jacob, Edward, ^ Daniel, 4 Daniel Capt. moved to Frye- 
burg 1764, died 1819, aged 88, Thomas, Jacob, Phinehas 
Wilton, Philip Capt. John, Wilton, died 1802, aged 48. 

Thomas Carrier, from Wales, died in Colchester, 
Con. aged 109 years. ^ Thomas, Richard, Andrew — 
2 Thomas, ^ Thomas — ^ Richard, ^ John. 

Samuel Blanchard, born, Aug. 1629, came to N. Eng- 
land, 1639, married, 1654, ^ Jonathan, Joseph, Thomas, 
John. Samuel moved from Charlestown to Andover 1686, 
died April 1707, aged 77. Jonathan and Thomas settled in 
Andover — ~ Jonathan, ^ Jonathan born 1686, David, Ja- 
cob, Benjamin. 

^ Thomas, died 1759, aged 85, ^ Thomas, born 1700. 
Joseph, Josiah, Nathaniel, Isaac. 

^Josiah, died 1783, aged 78, '^ Josiah, Joshua, Benja- 
min, — ^Joshua Wilton, ^Joshua Capt. Amos deacon, 
Andover. Abel physician Pembroke, N. IL 

^ Benjamin, Wilton, ^ Benjamin, Isaac, 

Joseph Emf.rv, died I7"il, ^ Joseph, born 1696. 

John Gutter^on, ^ Joim, born 1692, William, Sam- 
uel. 



40 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Hugh Stone, ^John, Simon, Daniel, Hugh— 2 John, 
3 John, Joseph. 

The first settlers of Andover, like the other settlers of 
New England were puritans, and left their native country to 
enjoy civil and religious liberty. They were men of stout 
hearts, braved the ocean and the greater hardships of the 
wilderness. Their resolution and fortitude were equal to 
their trying situation. They felt like a band of brothers, 
ever ready to encourage and assist one another. Their 
privations, hardships and sufferings were endured with 
wonderful fortitude and cheerfulness. In a word, they 
exhibited a very favorable specimen of all those virtues 
and excellencies, which characterized the puritan settlers 
of New England. 



CHAP. III. 

INDIANS AND SUFFERINGS FROM THEM. 

The features of the Indians are good, especially those 
of the women ; their complexion somewhat reddish, or cop- 
per coloured ; their hair black and straight ; their limbs 
clean, straight, and well proportioned. A crooked or de- 
formed person is rarely to be found among them. They 
are very ingenious in their way ; are quick of apprehension, 
sudden in despatch, subtil in their dealings, ready in inven- 
tion, and in labor assiduous. They had wigwams, or cab- 
ins to defend them from the weather. These were built 
by uniting poles at the top, and inserting them into the 
ground at suitable distance. These were covered with 
bark, boughs of trees, or skins except an aperture at the 



INDIANS AND SUFFEPaXGS FROM THEM. 



41 



top for smoke, and a small place for entrance at the side. 
The fire was built in the centre ; the ground around the 
fire was covered with mats, skins, or boughs, as they could 
afford. They used no chairs, but sat on this covering, and 
had no need of a table. They slept with their feet toward 
the fire. A whole family, and sometimes more, was accom- 
modated in one of these cabins, which had but one room. 
They were commonly built near good water. 

They had skins for clothing before the English came 
among them, from which they made mocasins for their feet. 
They often took fish with a kind of spear. They used hows 
and arrows for hunting and for war. The end of the ar- 
row was often pointed with flint stone ; these points have 
been found in the fields long since the Indians have depart- 
ed. Their game was sometimes taken in traps, pitfalls or 
snares. Various instruments of stone have been found, 
since they have left the country. They soon found the use 
of hatchets, knives, fire arms, blankets, and other articles 
after the English came amoncr them. 

They made canoes of bark taken from large birch trees. 
This was sewed together with fibres, or roots. It was put 
into proper shape, and strengthened by ribs, or thin pieces 
of wood, and a rim, like the top of a basket, was fastened 
all round it and bound with tough bark, or fibres of roots. 
It was daubed with pitch to prevent leaking. With these 
canoes, they could pass up and down and across rivers, and 
they would carry several persons. They were light and 
might be carried with ease, round falls of water, or from 
one stream to another. 

A few years before the landing of the Pilgrims at Plym- 
outh, the Massachusetts Indians were very tnuch diminish- 
ed by a pestilential disease and by wars. Some tribes had 
become extinct ; others were very small. It has been sta- 
ted, that from thirty thousand they were reduced to three 
hundred warriors. 

4* 



42 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

Aiidover was a place of resort favorable to their mode 
of life. There was a plenty of fish in the Merrimack and 
the numerous streams running into it ; the light land near 
the water was suitable to the cultivation of corn and beans, 
and the forest afforded them game. Roger with a small 
company had a settlement near Cochichewick brook. 

Such was the kindness, such the justice and humanity 
of the first settlers, that they suffered very little from the 
Indians, for more than thirty years. An equitable consid- 
eration was paid for whatever was obtained from them. 
The inhabitants were able safely and quietly to pursue their 
business, till the breaking out of Philip's war in 1675. 
This rendered garrison houses necessary for refuge and de- 
fence. 

These houses were sometimes made of thick timbers, 
sometimes filled with bricks between the studs. Sometimes 
they were surrounded with a rampart, or stockade. A 
watch was kept through the night. During the time of war, 
there was a garrison house in every neighborhood in the 
different parts of the town. 

The first violence and damage occurred on the 19th 
April 1676*. " Mr. Ephraim Stevens discovered the enemy 
about a mile this side of Bodwell's ferry, but escaped upon 
his horse, and alarmed the inhabitants. The Indians pur- 
sued and passed along the main road, without doing any 
mischief, till they came to the south part of the town, where 
they killed Joseph Abbot, and took Timothy Abbot." 
These were sons of George Abbot, sen. Joseph was stout 
and resolute, and probably made resistance ; and there is 
a tradition, that he killed one, or more, of them, before he 
was slain. He was in his 24th year. Timothy was in his 
13th year, was kept several months, and was brought back 
by a squaw who knew the family and was friendly. He had 
been treated by the Indians as well as circumstances would 



INDIANS AND SUFFERINGS FROM TIIEM. 48 

admit ; but, as Hubbard states, was greatly pined with hun- 
ger. 

'' At the same time Mr. Faulkner's house was burned, 
and Roger Marks was wounded and his horse killed. They 
killed some cattle, but had time only to cutout their tongues, 
being fired upon by the people in the garrison." A few 
months after, a small party of the enemy surprised and cap- 
tivated Mr. Haggett and two of his sons.* July lOth 1677, 
John Parker, James Parker, John Phelps, and Daniel 
Blackhead were surprised and slain at black point in Scar- 
borough. 

" In 1688, the Indians commenced another war with 
the English. Andover suffered more in this, than in the 
preceding war." In August 16S0, John Peters and An- 
drew Peters were killed by the Indians ; and in the same 
year, Lt. John Stevens, Benjamin Lovejoy, Eleazar Streatou 
and Robert Russell died in the war at the eastward. In 
August 1696, John Hoit and William Peters were slain. 
But the most severe and distressing shock, which Andover 
ever suffered from the Indians, was on the fifth of March 
1698 ; " when between 30 and 40 Indians surprised the town 
killed five persons, burnt two houses and two barns with 
the cattle in them — set another dwelling house and the meet- 
ing house on fire ; but the fires were happily extinguished 
before they had done much damage."* The persons killed 
were Simon Wade, Nathaniel Brown, Penelope Johnson, 
aged 19, daughter of Timothy Johnson, Capt. Pascoe 
Chubb and Hannah his wife, aged 41, daughter of Edmond 
Faulkner. Chubb, two years before, had been Capt. at Pe- 
maquid fort, when he had treaclicrously murdered two 
chiefs of the Indians, and had greatly irritated them ; and 
his death afforded them as much joy, as the taking of a 
whole town, because they had taken, though by accident, 

* Dr. Symmos's Tlianksgivinf^ Sermon. 



44 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

their beloved revenge on him for his barbarity and perfidy 
to their countrymen. " They took Col. Dudley Bradstreet 
and family and carried them about fifty rods from his house, 
when they halted and dismissed their prisoners without of- 
fering them the least injury ; a singular instance of mercy 
in a people, who had always shown themselves to be cruel, 
and to have no mercy. The tradition is, that -one Water- 
nummon, an Indian who lived at Newbury, and is suppos- 
ed to have had a particular regard to Col. Bradstreet, under- 
took to conduct the Indians to his house upon these con- 
ditions, that they should neither kill nor captivate any of 
his family."* They took Abiel Stevens, a lad, who feigned 
himself lame and kept behind ; the Indians hastened, ex- 
pecting to be pursued, he turned, ran and made his escape, 
though fired upon by the Indian who took him. 

" The snow being uncommonly deep, and the inhabi- 
tants unprovided with snow shoes, the Indians were not pur- 
sued." 

" Assacumbuit, their principal leader, had distinguished 
himself in this war, by his horrid barbarities, which render- 
ed their conduct in releasing the captives the more extra- 
ordinary."* 

No assault after this has been made upon Andover ; 
but towns near suffered severely many years afterward. 

The inliabitants weie obliged to use caution and often 
to repair to garrisons for satiety. Block houses were neces- 
sary near the Merrimack to secure the fields and laborers. 
In the spring of 1704, four block houses were built at the 
expense of the Province, for £S, 8, 10, by Christopher Os- 
good and John Barker. It was very necessary to have a 
block hou^e in Siiawshin fields, as there was no garrison 
or dwelling house near, and many of the inhabitants raised 
corn and rye in these fields. 

In September 1722, the town voted, "that there be a 

* Dr. Symnies's Sern3on. 



INDIANS AND SUFFERINGS FROM THEM. 45 

new block-house builded against Henry Bodwell's, and the 
other three block-houses in said town shall be repaired, all 
at the town's expense." In 173-5, the block-house in Shaw- 
shin field was sold for 20s to John Johnson. 

The Indians were enemies very much dreaded. They 
concealed themselves and lay in ambush, and waited long 
and patiently, for an opportunity to surprise their prey. 
They never made their attacks openly, nor fought in the 
open field. The time of assault was often just before dawn 
of day, when they could strike the blow without resistance, 
and could cause the greatest panic. The inhabitants did 
not feel safe in their fields, and were liable to be shot down 
while at their labour. They frequently carried thoir fire- 
arms with them to their work. They also carried their 
guns, when they assembled for worship on the sabbath, 
and were exposed to be way laid in going and returning, 
and assaulted in the meeting house. They could not rest 
safely in their beds, without constant watch in time of war. 
They knew not when the enemy was near ; they encamp- 
ed in the wilderness, and were in the same place only a 
short time. It was as difficult to hunt them in the forest, 
as to hunt a wolf, and they were skilful at lying at ambush 
for their pursuers. 

Under such circumstances, the early settlers suflTered 
exceedingly, not only from actual assaults, but from alarms 
and constant apprehension of danger. Their labors were 
often interrupted, much time was lost, and much expense 
incurred in securing their families and property. They 
were exposed, and suffered frequent losses, by destruction 
of their cattle, houses and barns, and pillage of their fields. 
They were often called to perform military duty, not only 
to protect themselves, but the frontiers; and numbers per- 
ished in their wars, by sickness, hardships, or by the ene- 
my. How little do we, their posterity, know of the dan- 



46 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

gers, alarms, distresses, and hardships, to which they were 
exposed, and which they endured ! 

It was important to our ancestors, that peace was pre- 
served with the natives so many years. There was no war 
with them near Andover for more than thirty years after 
the plantation was begun ; but they were obliged to attend 
to military duty and to be equipped. How easily might the 
first settlers of New England have been destroyed, had the 
natives been hostile, and had they combined and exerted 
themselves to remove their new neighbours ! Divine pro- 
vidence favored the arduous undertaking of settling a wil- 
derness. The first planters were men of principle, and 
treated the savages with kindness and justice, and secured 
their confidence. 

When wars commenced, the planters had increased in 
numbers and strength, and, with their superior skill and 
means of defence, they were able to protect themselves, 
and drive the enemy to distant parts, or weaken and de- 
stroy them, and compel them to preserve peace. 

The frontier settlements were exposed, and frequently 
suffered depredations from the Indians, till the reduction of 
Canada, and the French, in 1763, ceded their territories 
in America to the English. 

It is probable, that the Indians left Andover, at the com- 
mencement of Philip's war, and that few, if any, families 
have resided there since. The residence of an Indian fam- 
ily in Andover is not now recollected by the oldest inhabi- 
tants. They have uniformly retired from civilization, and 
have not long continued, where settlements have been 
made by the English. 

In 1679, grants of land were made to Edmond Faulk- 
ner, John Farnum, and Ephraim Stevens, in consideration 
of losses sustained by the Indians. In 1683, a grant of six 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 47 

acres was made to Joshua Woodman. Amherst, N. H. 
was granted, in 1738, to those who had served in Philiji's 
war, or to their representatives. The representatives of 
nine belonginor to Andover, had shares. This grant was 
made more than sixty years after the war closed. 

Philip's war commenced in 1G75 ; peace was establish- 
ed, Nov. 1676. War from 1688 to the declaration of the 
peace of Ryswick, in 1697 — war began at the westward, 
in 1703 ; peace restored, in 1713, by the treaty of Utretcht. 
It is computed, that from .5,000 to 6,000 young men were 
lost in these wars ; and that the population, during that pe- 
riod, suffered a check of not less than 100,000 souls. 



CHAP. IV. 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 

The town records for the first twenty or twenty five 
years are very defective. We are left entirely in the dark 
concerning transactions interesting and gratifying to curi- 
osity, if an account of them could be found. In this peri- 
od, a meeting house had been built, and two ministers had 
been settled. 

1656, March. The first town meeting noticed in the 
records was held at John Osgood's house. 

1660. The town taking into consideration the great 
damage that may come to the town by persons living re- 
mote upon such lands as were given them for ploughing 
and planting, and so by their hogs and cattle destroy the 
meadows adjoining thereunto ; have ordered and do hereby 
order, that whosoever inhabitant or other shall build any 



48 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

dwelling house in that part of the town but upon houselots, 
or other places granted for that end, without express leave 
from the town, shall forfeit twenty shillings a month for the 
time he shall live in any such prohibited place ; — the town 
having given houselots to build on, to all such as they have 
received as inhabitants of the town.t 

1684. Attendance of every voter was required, and ev- 
ery neglect to come to the town meeting at the day and 
time appointed, subjected the delinquent to a forfeiture of 
twelve pence.* 

The town was very attentive to have good order in 
their public meetings, whether for ordinary business, or 
public worship. 

1672. It is ordered, that whatsoever dogs shall be in 
the meeting house on the sabbath day, the owner thereof 
shall pay six pence for every time being there, and G. A. 
jr. is appointed to take notice thereof and have the pay 
for his pains and to gather it up.* — If this order were still 
enforced, it might prevent a nuisance often troublesome to 
religious assemblies. 

1673. It is ordered, that if any man speak in town 
meeting after silence commanded twice by the moderator, 
shall forfeit twelve pence, this order to hold good forever.* 
— If this order were still enforced, it would tend to the des- 
patch of business. 

Care was taken to prevent disputes, as may be seen by 
the following order ; that once within three years, every 
man that hath any land lying unfenced, shall take one of 
his neighbours with him, and renew the bound marks, and 
give the same to the selectmen, so that it may prevent fu- 
ture trouble ; and whosoever shall fail to do so, shall for- 
feit the sum of five shillings to the town use. 

* Town Records. 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 49 

1689. Mr. Dane, Dudley Bradstreet, George Abbot, 
and others were appointed a committee to seat the meeting 
house ; — and it was voted and agreed upon, that if any per- 
son, whether male or female, shall sit in any other place in 
the meeting house than what they are appointed by the 
aforesaid committee, shall forfeit for every such offence for 
the use of the town twenty pence, to be forthwith gathered 
by the constable by order from said committee, and if the 
constable faileth so to do as abovesaid, to pay said sum him- 
self. 

1679. Ordered by the selectmen, that no persons en- 
tertain others in their houses after 9 o'clock in the evening 
without warrantable business, on penalty of five shillings — 
no young persons to be abroad on Saturday or Sunday 
nights, nor people to entertain on these nights on the like 
penalty — persons unseasonably from their own homes ex- 
posed to the same forfeiture. The tithingmen were requir- 
ed to examine and report the breaches of these orders. 

1695. Two persons were appointed by the selectmen to 
sit in the galleries to inspect the young on the Sabbath, and 
were required to notify disorderly persons to the minister, 
who was requested for the first offence to admonish them 
publicly : but on the second offence, complaint was to be 
made to a Justice of peace, that the offender may be pun- 
ished for such crimes, as the law directs. 

1GS4. That the town might have a correct list of taxa- 
ble property, it was ordered, that all persons shall bring in 
a list of their ratable estate the last Monday in August at 
S o'clock from year to year, t'.ien to be examined in pub- 
lic meeting ; and whoever shall keep back any part of 
their ratable estate shall forfeit five shillings for every par- 
ticular to the use of the town, according to a former order, 
and whoever shall not bring in their bills as abovesaid shall 
be rated by will and doomer. It was further, 
5 



50 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

1686. Voted and passed, that the constable from year 
to year, shall on the last Monday in August at 9 o'clock in 
the morning, call all the inhabitants of the town by name, 
(by inhabitants is meant all householders and persons that 
have management of any estate and hired servants) and if 
any such persons shall not then appear at the meeting 
house, and bring in their bills of their ratable estates, they 
shall pay five shillings to the use of the town. 

The town early encouraged the settling of mechanics 
and tradesmen and the building of mills. 

1664. It is agreed by the town for encouragement, that 
such persons as shall undertake to build a corn and a saw 
mill shall have liberty to cut timber on any part of the 
common on the west side of Shawshin river. 

1673. Granted to Edward Whittington and Walter 
Wright five acres of land for encouragement of erecting a 
fulling mill, which they promise to set about the next spring. 

1675. Liberty was granted to a tanner, that shall be 
allowed by the town, to make use of what bark is needful 
for his works in town, provided he fell no trees that are fit 
for building or mill timber. 

1682. Granted liberty to any man, that the town or 
committee shall choose, to set up a saw mill, fulling mill, 
and grist mill upon Shawshin river near Rogers brook, to 
take up 20 acres of land adjoining said place, and to enjoy 
the same forever with the privilege of a townsman. 

1688. It was voted, that the 20 acres of land shall be 
improved by Joseph and John Ballard and their heirs so 
long as they shall keep up a grist mill, fulling mill, 6lc. 
In the same year, it was voted to encourage setting up iron 
works; and in 1691, to lay off so much of Benjamin Ab- 
bot's land as will be beneficial for a corn-mill and iron 
works intended to be set up. 

1686. Granted liberty to Henry Ingalls jr. to set up a 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 51 

saw mill on Musketoe river below Boston meadow way. 
And to Henry Holt to set up a saw mill on Ladle meadow 
brook. 

1093. Granted to Lt. Johnson and Ebenezer Barker 
the benefit of Shawshin stream against said Barker's land 
to erect a fulling mill. 

1695. Granted to Samuel Osgood, John Abbot, jr. 
Thomas Abbot, sen. Joseph and Henry Chandler to set up 
a saw mill on Cochichewick river, two or three rods above 
the lower ford way. 

1671. The bounds between Andover and Woburn were 
settled. 

1718. The bounds were settled and stated between Sa- 
lem and Andover. 

1695. Voted, that twenty shillings be given for every 
wolf caught and carried to the constable. 

1698. Voted, that a committee be chosen to receive 
anew the records of the town lands according to what pa- 
pers may be found, that have been upon record before ; — 
our town records being taken away by the enemy Indians. 

The first proprietors raised their town rates on their 
lots until the year 1681. Then they agreed among them- 
selves, and all that were then householders to raise all town 
charges by heads and their ratable estates ; and every man 
was to possess all town privileges, and also to have an in- 
terest in the common lands according to what tax he paid. 
On the 8th of March 1702, at a general town meeting of 
the proprietors, a committee was appointed for settling and 
reviving the agreement of the proprietors and making a 
correct list of the names of the proper proprietors, as these 
were not entered on tiie record in 1681. 

1714 Jan. 28, in town meeting 121 proprietors were ad- 
ded to the list made in 1702. Soon after the proprietors or- 
ganized, transacted business separately from the town, and 



52 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

began distinct records in 1715, and the grants, or divisions 
of land, were recorded in their Book. Previous to this, 
grants were made by the commoners, or houselot men, as 
they were called, and recorded in the town book. Divis- 
ions of land were laid off from titne to time to the propri- 
etors according to their several proportions, and land was 
sold and the money was divided accordingly. 

1722. Voted by the proprietors to lay out all the clay 
grounds that are common to the use of the inhabitants for- 
ever. 

An act was passed June 1801, by the General Court, 
requiring the Treasurer of the Proprietors of Andover to 
pay over one half of all the monies and estate, which was, 
or hereafter may be, in his hands as treasurer, unto the 
Trustees of the Free School in the North Parish in Ando- 
ver, for instruction in the school ; the other half was paid 
over to Trustees appointed in the South Parish, the in- 
come to be appropriated for instruction in the free schools 
of the parish. 

The inhabitants of Andover were zealously engaged in 
opposing the. arbitrary measures of the British government, 
were united and, by the influence of the fathers of the 
town, were preserved from disorder and riotous proceed- 
ings. This will readily appear from the town records. 
1765, Sept. 11th. Whereas sundry of the inhabitants of 
the town are threatened with injuries and abuses from ri- 
otous assemblies, said town unanimously voted their utter 
detestation and abhorrence of all such violent and extraor- 
dinary proceedings; and that the selectmen, the militia 
officers and magistrates of the town be desired to use their 
utmost endeavours agreeable to law to suppress the same; 
and that the freeholders and other inhabitants will do every 
thing in their power to assist them therein. 

The unanimity and correct views of the town may be 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 53 

seen from the following vote and instructions to their rep- 
resentative. 

1765, Oct. 21. Voted that Col. James Frye, Deac. Isaac 
Abbot, George Abbot, Esq. Mr. Moody Bridges, Capt. Pe- 
ter Osgood. Col. John Osgood, Capt. Asa Foster, Capt. 
John Foster, Capt. Peter Parker, Capt. John Farnum, be 
a committee to draw up instructions for the representative 
of the town at the great and general Court of this Province, 
and report as soon as may be. 

The Committee appointed for the purpose aforesaid re- 
ported the following draught, which being read was unani- 
mously accepted. 

To Samuel PliiJIips, Esq. Representative for the town 
of Andover in his Majesty's province of the Massachusetts 
Bay. 

Sir, We, the freeholders and other inhabitants of said 
town, legally assembled in town meeting on said day, to 
consider what may be proper on our part to be done at this 
critical conjuncture, being a time, we apprehend, that we 
and the rest of his Majesty's subjects of this province, as 
well as those of the other provinces and colonies in British 
America, are by sundry acts of Parliament of Great Britain, 
especially by an act commonly called the Stamp Act, in 
danger of being not only reduced to such indigent circum- 
stances as will render us unable to manifest our loyalty to 
the Crown of Great Britain, as upon all occasions we have 
hitherto done, by cheerfully exhibiting our substance for 
the defence of the British dominions in this part of the 
world ; but of being deprived of some of our most valuable 
privileges which by Charter and loyalty we have always 
thought and still think ourselves justly entitled to. 

Therefore we take it to be a duty justly due to ourselves 
and posterity to instruct you, that you do not give your 
assent to any act of Assembly that shall ifignify any willing- 
5* 



54 



HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 



ness in your constituents to submit to any internal taxes 
that are under any colour imposed, otherwise than by the 
General Court ot'this province agreeable to the constitution 
of this government ; — That you join in such dutiful remon- 
strances to the King and Parliament, and other becoming 
measures as shall carry the greatest probability to obtain a 
repeal of the Stamp Act, and an alleviation of the embar- 
rassments, the commercial affairs of this province labour 
under by the rigorous execution of the acts of Parliament 
respecting the same ; — and we also desire you to use your 
utmost endeavours that all extraordinary grants and expen- 
sive measures may upon all occasions as much as possible 
be avoided ; — and we would recommend particularly the 
strictest care and the utmost firmness to prevent all uncon- 
stitutional draughts upon the public treasury ; — that you 
would use your best endeavours, in conjunction with the 
other members of the General Court, to suppress all riotous 
unlawful assemblies, and to prevent all unlawful acts of vio- 
lence upon the persons and substance of his Majesty's sub- 
jects in this Province. 

The following expression of sympathy with the suffer- 
ers during the commotion respecting the Stamp Act, is 
honorable to the town. 

J 766, Sept. Being put to vote whether the town will in- 
struct their Representative to use his influence in the Great 
and General Court of this Province that the suiferets in the 
late troublesome times in Boston may have a consideration 
paid them out of the Province treasury, or such other way 
as said Court shall judge to be most fit and equitable ; it 
passed in the affirmative. 

1768, March, Voted that Samuel Phillips Esq. Capt. Asa 
Foster, Capt. Peter Osgood, George Abbot Esq. Col. James 
Fiye, Capt. John Foster, and Mr. Joshua Holt be a Com- 
mittee to consider of some measures that may tend to en- 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 55" 

courage prudence and manufactures, and to lessen the use 
of superfluities in the town, and report at the annual meet- 
ing of the town in May next. 

The committee appointed as above, reported — That in 
order to securing to ourselves and transtnisting to posterity 
those invaluable rights and privileges both civil and reli- 
gious, which have been dearly purchased by our predeces- 
sors the first settlers of this country, the loss of which is 
greatly threatened by the great and growing imprudences 
and immoralities among us; — The Committee are humbly 
of opinion, that it is absolutely necessary that the inhabi- 
tants of this town use their utmost endeavours, and that 
they enforce their endeavours by their example, for the 
suppressing of extravagance, idleness and vice, and for the 
promoting of industry, economy and good morals ; and by 
all prudent means endeavour to discountenance the impor- 
tation and use of foreign superfluities, and to promote and 
encourage manufactures in the town. The above report 
was unanimously accepted by the town. 

The town resolutely opposed the taxes imposed by par- 
liament, as appears from the following extract from the 
town book. 

1770, May. Tlie town taking into consideration the dis- 
tresses this Province is labouring under by the operation of 
a late act of Parliament imposing duties on tea, paper, 
glass, &,c. made and passed for the express purpose of rais- 
ing a revenue in the American Colonies without their con- 
sent, which act we apprehend is oppressive, repugnant to 
tlie natural and constitutional rights of the people, contrary 
both to the spirit and ictter of the royal Charter granted 
by their majesties king William and Queen Mary to the 
inhabitants of this province, whereby are ordained and es- 
tablished the having and enjoying all liberties and immu- 
nities of free and natural born subjects; and subversive of 



3€» HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

the great and good designs of our most worthy ancestors, 
who crossed the ocean, willingly exposed themselves to 
every danger, parted with their blood and treasure, suffer- 
ed hunger, cold, and nakedness, and every other hardship 
human nature is capable of, to purchase and defend a quiet 
habitation for themselves and posterity ; — 
Therefore Voted, nernine contradicente, 

1. That it is the duty of every friend to liberty and to 
the British constitution to use all legal measures to prevent, 
if possible, the execution of said act ; and would embrace 
this opportunity to express our warmest gratitude to the 
merchants and other gentlemen of Boston and other trading 
towns in this province for the regular, constitutional and 
spirited measures pursued by them, from principles truly 
noble and generous, for repelling tyranny and oppression, 
and establishing those rights for themselves and country 
which they are entitled to as men and as Englishmen. 

2. That we will by all legal and constitutional meas- 
ures in our power support and encourage the non-importa- 
tion agreement of the merchants; and that we will have 
no commercial or social connexions directly or indirectly 
with those persons who as enemies to the country, divested 
of every public virtue and even of humanity itself, regard- 
less of and deaf to the miseries and calamities which 
threaten this people, preferring their own private interest 
to the liberty and freedom of the community, are sordidly 
endeavouring to counteract such benevolent and salutary 
agreement. 

3. That we will encourage fru^fality, industry and tlie 
manufactures of this country ; and that we v;ill not make 
use of any foreigti tea, or saiYvr it to be used in our fa:ni- 
lies (case of sickness onlv excepted) until the act imposing 
a duty on that article shall be repealed and a general im- 
portation take place. 



PROCEEDINGS OP THE TOWN. 57 

1771, Feb. 3. Resolved, That no person in this town, 
who has heretofore been concerned in vending tea, or any 
other person may on any pretence whatever, either sell 
himself or be in any way accessary to sellincr any tea of for- 
eifin importation, while it remains burthened with a duty, 
under penalty of incurrinjr the town's displeasure. 

1774, Dec. 26. Resolved — That it is the indispensable 
duty of this town strictly to conform and firmly adhere to 
the Association of the grand American Continental Con- 
gress, and to the resolve of the Provincial Congress of the 
5th of December thereto relating, and in order that this 
may be thoroughly effected, that the inhabitants of the 
town of the age of twenty one years and upwards subscribe 
the following agreement ; viz ; — 

We the subscribers having attentively considered the 
Association of the grand American Continental Congress 
respecting the non-importation, non-exportation and non- 
consumption of goods, &/C. signed by the Delegates of this 
and the other Colonies on the Continent, and the Resolve 
of the Provincial Congress of the 5th of December thereto 
relating, do heartily approve the same, and every part of 
them, and in order to make said Association and Resolve 
our own personal act ; — Do, by these Presents, under the 
sacred ties of virtue, honor, and love of our country, firmly 
agree and associate fully and completely to observe and 
keep all and every article and clause in said association and 
resolve contained, according to the true intent, meaning, 
and letter thereof, and will duly inform and give notice of ev- 
ery evasion or contravention of eitlier, as far as we are able ; 
and we further covenant, th?.t if any person or persons of 
the age of twenty one years and upwards shall neglect or 
refuse to subscribe this agreement when tendered to him 
or them, that we will withdraw all commerce, trade, or deal- 
ing from such, so long as they shall continue thus inimical 



58 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

to the public good, and that their nam^s shall be entered 
on the records of this town, and published in the Essex 
Gazette as enemies to their country. 

Witness our hands this — day of December, Anno 
Domini 1774. 

It was resolved that the Constables who had any part 
of the Province tax in their hands should immediately pay 
the same to Henry Gardner, Esq. Receiver General of the 
Province, and that assessments to be made shall be paid in 
like manner, and that his receipt shall be an effectual dis- 
charge to such person for the same. 

It was resolved, that one quarter part of all the training 
soldiers of the town enlist themselves ; and for their en- 
couragement they are promised pay for every haif day they 
shall be exercised in the art military. 

Committees were chosen to carry the aforesaid resolves 
into effect. 

" Whereas the Provinciak^Congress have recommend- 
ed it to the people, that there be no disorderly behav- 
iour among us, unbecoming the character of Americans, 
citizens, or christians ; — Therefore Resolved — That the 
Hon. Samuel Phillips Esq. Capt. Peter Osgood, Deacon 
Samuel Barker, Doct. Joseph Osgood, Col. George Abbot, 
Capt. John Farnum, Capt. Asa Foster, Col. James Frye, 
Capt. Henry Ingalls, Lieut. Nathan Chandler, Ens. Jo- 
siah Blanchard, Ens. Joshua Holt, Deacon Joseph Abbot, 
Mr. Barachias Abbot, Capt. John Abbot, and William Ab- 
bot, be a Committee of Safety, whose duty it shall be to 
endeavor to maintain peace and harmony, hitherto so hap- 
pily continued among us — That they use their influence 
to suppress all unwarrantable mobs and riots, and that they 
promote as much as in them lies good will and affection to- 
Vi'ards one another ; more especially by their life and con- 
versation, as well as by their prudent and seasonable ad- 



PROCEEDINGS OP THE TOWN. 59 

vice, they recommend a reformation in life and manners, 
so much to be wished for and earnestly supplicated by all 
good men." 

1775, Jan. 2d. Col. James Frye, George Abbot Esq. 
Col. Samuel Johnson, Ens. Joshua Holt, Capt. John Far- 
num, Messrs. Nehemiah Abbot, Moody Bridges, Ens. 
Stephen Holt, Messrs. Asa Abbot, Samuel Frye, and Lieut. 
John Ingalls were chosen a Committee of Inspection to ob- 
serve that the Resolves of the grand American and Pro- 
vincial Congresses be strictly adhered to. The duty of 
this committee was more particularly pointed out by in- 
structions from the town. 

The instructions to the Committee comprised the fol- 
lowing objects among others. They were required to " use 
their utmost endeavours that the non-consumption agree- 
ment be strictly adhered to ; — to encourage the people to 
improve the breed of sheep and to increase their number ; 
to encourage frugality, economy and industry ; and pro- 
mote agriculture, arts and manufactures ; — and discounte- 
nance and discourage every species of extravagance and 
dissipation ; and that they recommend to the people of the 
town, that they, on the death of any near relations, go into 
no further mourning dress, than a black crape or ribbon 
on the arm or hat for men, and a black ribbon or necklace 
for women ; — that said Committee inspect the merchants 
and traders in this town, and give information to the public 
of all such persons as shall violate the Ninth Article of the 
Association by advancing the price of their goods ; — that 
they apply to all the merchants and traders in this town, 
immediately after the tenth day of October next, and take 
a full inventory of all the goods, wares and. merchandize 
which shall then be in their hands, and shall require them 
to offer no more of those goods for sale ; and if any mer- 
chant, trader or others shall refuse to have an inventory 



65 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

taken, or shall offer for sale after the tenth of October 
aforesaid any such goods, wares or merchandize, the Com- 
mittee is directed to take the goods into their possession at 
the risque of the proper owners, until the repeal of the 
Acts referred to, and publish the names of such refractory 
merchants or traders, that they may meet with the merits of 
enemies to their country ; and the town doth hereby en- 
gage to assist and support said Committee in the discharge 
of their trust ; — that the Committee inspect the conduct of 
every person in the town touching the aforesaid Association, 
that if any person or persons shall wilfully violate said As- 
sociation, that the majority of said Committee cause the 
name of such person or persons forthwith to be published 
in the Gazette, to the end that all such foes to the rights of 
British America may be publicly known ; — And it is fur- 
ther recommended to said Committee that they act in ev- 
ery respect as it shall appear to them to be their duty as a 
Committee of inspection, whose duty is more fully pointed 
out in the Continental Association and Provincial Re- 
solves." 

1775, May 29. The town voted that a watch should be 
kept in the town ; and the sentinels were required to ques- 
tion every person they perceived walking the streets or 
elsewhere after nine o'clock in the evening, concerning 
their business; and if any person being called on, neglect 
or refuse to reply, they shall with a strong voice demand 
them on their peril by their authority as a guard, to stop ; — 
if they shall persist, the sentinel shall immediately fire. 
And if any being stopped, do not give of himself a satisfac- 
tory account, the sentinel shall by force, if necessary, de- 
tain and confine him till he may be had before one or more 
Justices of the town, or any of the aforementioned Com- 
mittee for further examination. 

1775, December 12th, Col. Samuel Johnson, Messrs. 



PROCEEDINGS OP THE TOWN. 61 

Philemon Chandler, Moody Bridges, Nehemiah Abbot, and 
Capt. John Farniiin were chosen a committee of corres- 
pondence for said town. 

1776, March 8. Hon. Samuel Phillips Esq. Capt. Josh- 
ua Holt, Capt. Asa Foster, Mr. Moses Abbot, Capt. Henry 
Ingalls, Mr. Nehemiah Abbot, Mr. Stephen Holt, Mr. Dan- 
iel Poor, and Lieut. Benjamin Poor — a Committee of Cor- 
respondence, Inspection, and Safety. 

J 776, June 12. The question being put — whether, 
should the Honorable Congress, for the safety of the Colo- 
nies, declare them independent of the kingdom of Great 
Britain, you will solemnly engage with your lives and for- 
tunes to support them in the measure. — It passed in the af- 
firmative, unanimously. 

1776, October 8. Voted, That it is the consent of the 
inhabitants of this town now assembled, that the present 
House of Representatives of this state of Massachusetts 
Bay in New England, together with the Council, if they 
consent in one body with the House, and by equal voice, 
should consult, agree on, and enact such a Constitution 
and form of government for this State, as the said House of 
Representatives and Council on the fullest and most mature 
deliberation shall judge will most conduce to the safety, 
peace and happiness of this State, in all after successions 
and generations, provided said Constitution and form of 
Government be made public for the inspection, approbation, 
amendment, or disapprobation of the inhabitants before the 
ratification thereof by the Assembly. 

1777, June 2. Voted— That Ens. Stephen Holt, Mr. 
Philemon Chandler, Capt. Isaac Osgood, Lt. Samuel Phil- 
lips, Deac. Samuel Barker, Capt. Henry Ingalls, and Lt. 
John Adams be a Committee to prosecute all breaches of 
an Act to prevent monopoly and oppression ; and also all 
breaches of an Act in addition to said act, which shall come 

6 



b» HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

to their knowledge, or whereof they shall receive informa- 
tion. 

1777, November 18. Voted, that the town will supply 
the families of the non-commissioned officers and private 
soldiers, belonging to this town, that are engaged in the 
continental army with the necessaries of life that their cir- 
cumstances may require, agreeable to a Resolve of the Gen- 
eral Court. 

1778, Jan. 29. Voted, that the Representatives of the 
town use their influence that the plan of confederation and 
perpetual Union between the United States of America 
proposed by Congress be ratified and confirmed. 

1778, Feb. 16. Voted to procure for each soldier in the 
continental army doing duty for this town, one pair of 
shirts, two pair of stockings, one pair of shoes, and a blank- 
et. — A committee was chosen to procure and forward the 
clothing, and the selectmen were directed to hire money 
on the credit of the town for the use of the committee. 

1779, July 2. Samuel Osgood Esq. Mr. Samuel Phillips 
jr. Mr. John Farnum jr. and Mr. Zebadiah Abbot were elec- 
ted Delegates to attend at the Convention to be holden at 
Cambridge on the — September next, for the purpose of 
forming a Constitution of Government. 

1780, May 15. The town, after due deliberation and 
debate, adopted with almost entire unanimity, the form of 
government proposed by the Convention. 

1781, July. The meetings of the town for business pre- 
vious to the following vote were holden in the North Parish 
meeting house. 

Voted — That the three annual meetings of March, 
April, and May, be called for the future alternately in the 
two meeting houses in said town ; — and all other occasion- 
al meetings for the purpose of transacting public business, 
be held alternately at said meeting houses, without regard 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 63 

to the aforesaid three annual meetings. — Previous to 1781, 
Town meetings for business were holden in the north meet- 
ing house. 

1781. Voted that the town meetings shall be statedly 
held the present year at the south meeting-house in said 
town, and then one year at the north meeting house, and 
so successively during the pleasure of the town. 

During the revolutionary war, town meetings were fre- 
quently holden to transact very important and interesting 
business, and remarkable union and harmony were main- 
tained through the whole. Many difficulties and embar- 
rassments occurred, such as raising men, supplying them 
and their families with necessaries, the depreciation of the 
paper money, &lc. which called forth the resources and ef- 
forts of tiie town. The agents for transacting business de- 
served and possessed the confidence of the people ; and the 
ardour and firmness with which all united, rendered their 
burdens tolerable. 

1785, Oct. 17 — Whereas it has been said, that a neigh- 
bering town has lately by a public vote expressed a dispo- 
sition for a paper currency ; — Voted, that Joshua Holt Esq. 
be and he is hereby instructed in case any motion shall be 
made in the General Court for introducing a j)aper medi- 
um, vigorously and perseveringly to oppose the same, as 
being a measure calculated, in our opinion, to promote idle- 
ness, dissipation and dishonesty, and by destroying the mor- 
als of the people, to bring on the ruin of the Commonwealth. 

When the State was embarrassed with discontent and 
intestine commotion, the town preserved order and peace, 
by calmly deliberating on the situation of the Common- 
wealth, inquiring into the ground of complaints, and seek- 
ing relief in a regular v/ay from evils supposed to exist. 
This appears from the following ])roc(.'edings, 

1786, Sept. 25. Voted,— Hon. Samuel Pliillips Esq. 



64 



HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 



Capt. Peter Osgood, Mr. Moody Bridges, Mr. Philemon 
Chandler, Mr. Nehemiah Abbot, Capt. Moses Abbot, Capt. 
John Abbot jr. Mr. Samuel Chickering jr. Lt. Benjamin 
Poor, Capt. Jonathan Abbot, Lt. Oliver Peabody, Lt. John 
Ingalls, and Col. Samuel Johnson, be a committee to con- 
sult and agree upon some measures which may promote the 
general welfare, and state what may, upon due delibera- 
tion, appear to be grievances. The committee reported as 
follows; — It is the duty of the free and virtuous people of 
this Commonwealth at all times to keep a watchful eye 
against all encroachments upon their dear bought rights 
and privileges ; that they carefully guard against all griev- 
ous acts of the Legislature on the one hand ; and against 
all contentions and unconstitutional opposition to Govern- 
ment on the other. 

We esteem it our duty, at the present day, to bear our 
explicit testimony against all riotous and illegal proceed- 
ings ; and against all hostile attempts and menaces against 
law, justice, and good government, and to declare our read- 
iness to exert ourselves in support of government and the 
excellent Constitution of this Commonwealth. But at the 
same time we suppose there are many things complained of 
which ought to be remedied ; and it is our desire that eve- 
ry grievance may be in a constitutional way redressed. 
We would take more particular notice of these following ; 
viz. 

\. We conceive that the method commonly practised 
in our Courts of Common Pleas for recovering debts, is at- 
tended with great and needless rxpense ; though the diffi- 
culty is in part remedied by what is called the Confession 
Act ; yet the creditor is not obliged to pursue that method ; 
the former is generally practised. 

2. The delinquencies of many towns in the payments 
of their public taxes, more especially in the western part of 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 



65 



the state, as appeals by the Treasurer's accounts, we con- 
ceive is one great cause of tlie disturbances which have 
arisen in those parts. These delinquencies not only injure 
tlie Government in general, but lay an additional burthen 
on the Commonwealth, which we view as just matter of 
complaint. 

3. We apprehend the method of paying the Represen- 
tatives out of the public Treasury lays an unequal burden 
on many parts of the State, which might be alleviated by 
each town paying their own Representatives for their ser- 
vices out of their own treasuries. 

4. As prudence and economy ever become a virtuous 
people, so are they peculiarly necessary in these infant 
States. We are of opinion therefore, that the public officers 
and their respective salaries ought to be thoroughly looked 
into ; their pay and services duly compared and properly 
estimated ; that all superfluous offices be abolished ; and 
the salaries of those whose services are inadequate to their 
pay be lowered, and that every unnecessary expense of 
government and burden on the people be removed. 

r-. We conceive it matter of just complaint that the ac- 
cou!;t,s of the United States with this Commonwealth are 
not adjusted. 

6. It is our opinion that a removal of the General Court 
out of the town of Boston would greatly lessen the expense 
of Government. 

Voted, that the foregoing report be accepted by the 
town, and transmitted to Joshua Holt Esq. as the sentiment 
of tiie town, requesting his influence in the General Court, 
that the same may be remedied. 

1T87, Jan. 7. Voted, that the account of the expendi- 
ture of the public monies, therein exhibited to the people 
of this our Commonwealth by the General Court, is ex- 
plicit and fully satisfactory. 
6* 



66 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Voted, that the Hon. Samuel Pliillips Esq. Capt. Peter 
Osgood, Hon. Samuel Phillips jr. Esq. Joshua Holt Esq. 
Mr. Moody Bridges, Mr. Nehemiah Abbot, Lieut. John 
IngalJs, Mr. John Farnum, Capt. John Abbot jr. be a Com- 
mittee to consider what measures are proper to be adopted 
for promoting industry and economy, and those other vir- 
tues, which are represented by the Legislature in their 
address to the people, as necessary to form the basis of na- 
tional happiness. 

The Committee made report, which being several times 
read, and maturely considered, was put to vote paragraph 
1 y paragraph, as follows, and the same was accepted ; viz. 

" That in their opinion, a deviation from the principles 
and practice of industry and economy has been the great 
cause of the scarcity of specie, the delinquency in the pay- 
ment of taxes, and in the discharge of private debts ; which 
delinquency naturally tends to mar the reputation and des- 
troy the energy of Government, and to produce impa- 
tience in creditors, as well as uneasiness and complaint in 
debtors ; and that hence arises the concern and disqui- 
etude of many in the community. — Your Committee there- 
fore consider this deviation as a fruitful parent of the evils 
we now suffer, and threatening us with speedy and com- 
plete ruin, uidess prevented by a thorough reform. We 
therefore consider it of the highest importance to recur to 
those principles from which we have declined, and to ex- 
ert ourselves for the encouragement of the manufactures 
of our own country in every proper v. ay, which will consist 
with the business which ought to engage our first attention, 
viz. the cultivation of our lands ; and for this purpose the 
following resolve is proposed to be adopted by the town. 

" Whereas the Legislature have warned this people of 
being in the precise channel, in which the liberties of 
States have been generally swallowed up ; and the warn- 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 0/ 

ing, solemn as it is, appears to be founded in the highest 
reason ; — and as it is a part of sound wisdom to convert mis- 
fortunes and calamities into the means ofadvantage, in cheer- 
ful imitation of the patriotic example set us by the first 
Magistrate of the Commonweahh, his Council, and the 
Legislature of the State : We hereby resolve to refrain 
from, and as far as in our power ' to prevent the exces- 
sive use and consumption of articles of foreign manufac- 
ture, especially articles of luxury and extravagance ; and 
that we will exert our best endeavours for the promotion of 
industry and our own manufactures.' 

" And in particular, that we will exert ourselves to in- 
crease our wool and flax as far as is practicable. That 
we will as far as may be avoid killing our sheep, or selling 
them for slaughter, after shearing time, till the wool be 
serviceable for clothing : And that we will exert ourselves 
to promote and encourage the manufactures of wool and 
flax and other raw materials into such articles as shall be 
useful in the community. 

'• And the inhabitants of the town, of every description, 
but heads of families in particular, are hereby solicited, as 
they would falsify the predictions and disappoint the hopes 
of those who are inimical to our Independence and hap- 
piness; as they would gratify the anxious wishes of our best 
friends and the friends of freedom m general ; — as they 
regard the political well being of themselves and poster- 
ity ; — as they hold precious the memory of the heroes and 
patriots, and of our own kindred who have sacrificed their 
lives that we may enjoy the fruits of virtuous freedf)m ; — to 
unite in this resolution, and to exert their utmost influ(!nce, 
in every proper way, to promote the important design of 
it. 

" And upon this occasion, we apply ourselves to the good 
sense and virtuous dispositions of the female sex, to the 



OO HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

yoiiiiger as well is t le elder th it they would by their en- 
gaging examples as well as in other proper ways, devote 
that posver of inliaence, with which nature hath endowed 
them, to the purpose of encouraging every species of econ- 
omy in living, and particularly, that neat plainness and 
simplicity in dress, which are among the best tokens of a 
good mind, and which seldom fail to command the esteem 
and love of the virtuous and wise ; giving preference to 
that clothing, which is produced from our own tiocks, and 
from our own fields. 

" Your Committee, upon considering the principal ob- 
stacles that lie in the way of the desired reform, are clear- 
ly of opinion, that an undue use of spirituous liquors has a 
powerful influence to enervate the body, to enfeeble the 
mind, and to promote dissipation, idleness and extravagance, 
which are never failing causes of poverty and ruin. They 
therefore consider it of the highest importance to refrain 
from ourselves, and to discountenance in others, the undue 
use of spirituous liquors of all kinds. 

" Your Committee further recommend to the town to take 
it under consideration, whether some other measures than 
those which have heretofore been practised, may not be 
adopted for the support and employment of the poor, which 
may be productive of advantage to them, and diminish the 
charge to which the town is subjected for that purpose." 

The town was nearly equally divided respecting the ex- 
pediency of ratifying the federal Constitution. Three del- 
egates, who had expressed their dissatisfaction with the 
Constitution, v>'ere chosen to attend the Convention. While 
the Convention was in session, a town meeting was called, 
in which the question was put, — Whether it is tiie opinion 
of the town, that it be expedient, all circumstances consid- 
ered, th'it the Federal Constitution, now under considera- 
tion of the Convention now setting in Boston, be adopted 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 69 

as it now stands, in the affirmative 115 — in the neg-ative 
124. When the question was decided by the Convention, 
Mr. Symmes, one of the Delegates from the town, voted in 
favour of its adoption. 

The disagreement on this subject was the occasion of 
a lasting division in the town. Those in favour of the 
Constitution were called federalists, and those opposed to it 
were denominated antifederalists. Under these or other 
similar names, the town has been divided in politics and in 
almost all their proceedings, till within a few years these 
party names and feelings have become nearly extinct. 

1794, Sept. Voted, that John Farnum Esq. and Capt. 
Moses Abbot, surveyors, take an accurate plan of the town^ 
to carry into effect a resolve of the General Court of June 
last. 

1796, May 2. The first record of the election of Rep- 
resentative on the town book, at which time Joshua Holt 
Esq. was chosen. 

A memorial to the Honorable House of Representatives 
of the United States, " earnestly requesting that provision 
maybe made for the complete fulfilment of the treaty" with 
Great Britain was approved in town meeting, and voted to 
be forwarded by the town clerk when signed, to Hon. The- 
ophilus Bradbury, or some other Representative from this 
Commonwealth, to be presented ; — 231 votes for it, and 9 
against it. 

1797, May 8. Voted to recommend to the inhabitants 
of the town to form themselves into voluntary associations 
for the purpose of detecting thefts that may be committed 
in the town. 

Voted, that any person who shall detect a thief that 
shall steal any of the town's property, or the property of 
any individual of the town, provided the thief shall be 
prosecuted to conviction, shall receive a reward, to be paid 



70 HISTORY OF ANDGVER. 

out of the town treasury, of the sum often dollars, provided 
the property thus stolen shall amount to that value ; and 
when the property stolen shall not amount to ten dol- 
lars, the reward shall be equal to the one half of the goods 
stolen. 

Voted, That the selectmen be specially requested to 
carry into full and prompt execution the laws against disor- 
derly and intemperate persons ; and the laws which re- 
spect the selling of spirituous liquors. 

1798, May 14. Voted the Hon. Samuel Phillips, Mr. 
Moody Bridges, Doct. Thomas Kittredge, Joshua Holt Esq. 
Doct. George Osgood a Committee to prepare an address 

to the President of the United States. After a short 

adjournment the Committee made the following Report ; 
viz. 

" To the President of the United States, 

" Sir, We, the freeholders and other inhabitants of the 
town of Andover, in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 
beg leave to join the multitude of our fellow citizens in pre- 
senting you our warmest gratitude, for that wisdom, vigi- 
lance, integrity, and patriotism, which have marked your 
administration ; and in particular, for your persevering so- 
licitude to preserve to these States the blessings of peace 
and neutrality, upon such terms as would consist with the 
preservation of our essential rights and interests. 

" AlthoLii^h repeated attempts to accommodate subsisting; 
differences with the French Republic have not produced 
the effect which might have been reasonably expected, they 
may prove essential means of our political salvation, by un- 
folding the designs and enormous demands of that govern- 
ment, which we have been unwilling to conclude our ene- 
my. — This disclosure must produce universal conviction, 
that no hope of safety is left for us without our own united, 
virtuous exertion. 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 71 

" We therefore again tliank you, Sir, for your solemn and 
repealed calls on the proper departments to make the most 
speedy and effectual provision against the worst events; — 
for your firm resolution that you will never surrender the 
independence or essential interests of t!ie country ; — and 
for summoning the people to unite v.ith you in supplicating 
the direction and blessing of that Almighty Being, under 
whose patronage, it not criminal ourselves, we have nothing 
to fear from any power on earth. — In the same resolution, 
we hold it to be our duty, with that of every American, 
cordially to concur. 

*' Every attempt to detach us from our Government, which 
is the work of our own hands, and from whence we have 
already derived blessings far surpassing the highest ex- 
pectations of its warmest admirers, — we repel with indig- 
nation. 

" To abandon such a Government, and the invaluable 
privileges civil and religious enjoyed under it, from any con- 
siderations whatever, would be acting a part unworthy the 
descendants of our renowned ancestors, bring indelible in- 
famy on ourselves, — be an act of treachery to our posterity, 
and betray the basest ingratitude to, and distrust of that 
Supreme i^>eing, who gave us these blessings. 

With an humble reliance therefore on this Being, whom 
we do, and ever will acknowledge, as the Arbiter of na- 
tions; and confiding in the wisdom, patriotism and firmness 
of the constituted authorities of our country, we are deter- 
mined, at every hazard, to support those measures which 
they shall prescribe for the defence of these blessings." 

At a legal and very full meeting of the freeholders and 
other qualified voters of the town of Andover, specially 
warned for the purpose, and holden on Monday the 14th of 
May, 1798 — Voted unanimously, that the foregoing address 
be accepted and forwarded by the town clerk to the Rep- 



72 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

resentative of this district in Congress, to be by him presen- 
ted to the President of the United States 

The answer of the President of the United States to the 
address of the town of Andover. 

" To the Freeholders and other inhabitants of the town 
of Andover, in the state of Massachusetts — 

" Gentlemen, — Your address unanimously adopted at a 
legal and very fuil meeting, has been presented to me by 
your Representative in Congress, Mr. Bartlett, and receiv- 
ed with great pleasure. When you acknowledge in my ad- 
ministration, wisdom, vigilance, integrity, patriotism, and 
persevering solicitude to preserve to these States, the 
blessings of peace and neutrality, upon such terms as would 
consist with the preservation of our essential rights and in- 
terests, you command my sincere gratitude. 

"The unfriendly desi^-ns and unreasonable demands of 
that Government, whom we have been unwilling to con- 
clude our enemy, have been long suspected by many, upon 
very probable grounds ; but never so clearly avowed and 
demonstrated as of late. May the discovery prove the es- 
sential means of our political salvation. The conviction 
appears now to be nearly universal, that no hope of safety is 
left for us, without our own virtuous exertions. 

" The indignation with which you repel every attempt 
to detach you from that government, which is the work of 
your own hands, and from whence you have derived bless- 
ings far surpassing the highest expectations of its warmest 
admirers; and in short, all the sentiments of this excellent 
address, do you great honour. 

JOHN ADAMS." 

Philadelphia, May 25, 1798. 



CHAP. V. 

ECCLESIASTICAL, AND PAROCHIAL. 
AFFAIRS. 

The town made early provisions for the stated and reg- 
ular worship of God, and for moral and religious instruc- 
tion on the Sabbath. Mr. Woodbridge was an inhabitant 
a short time after the settlement was begun, if he did not 
go there with the first adventurers. " 1664 September 19, 
two churches," says Hubbard, " were appointed to be gath- 
ered, the one at Haverhill, the other at Andover, both on 
Merrimack river. They had given notice thereof to the 
magistrates and ministers of the neighbouring churches, 
as the manner is with them in New Eaglarid. The meet- 
ing of the assembly was to be at that time at Rowley ; the 
forementioned plantations, being but newly erected, were 
not capable to entertain them that were likely to be gather- 
ed together on that occasion. But when they were assem- 
bled, most of those v»'ho were to join together in church fel- 
lowship, at that time, refused to make confession of their 
faith and repentance, because, as was said, they declared 
it openly before in other churches, upon their admission 
into them. Whereupon the messengers of the churches 
not being satisfied, the assembly brake up, before they had 
accomplished what tlicy intended." In this transaction, it 
may be seen, how highly they valued their christian liberty, 
and how apprehensive they were of the least encroachment, 
or imposition. 

"In 24 October 1045, Messengers of churches met to- 
7 



74 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

gether again, when such satisfaction was given, that Mr. 
John Ward was ordained pastor of the church of Haverhill, 
on the north side of said Merrimack, and Mr. John Wood- 
bridge was ordained pastor of the church of Andover, on 
the south side of the same."* These two churches were 
the 23d and 24th organized in Massachusetts. 

Ten male members, including the pastor, composed the 
church gathered at this time ; viz. Mr. John Wood bridge 
teacher, John Osgood, Robert Barnard, John Frye, Nicho- 
las Holt, Richard Barker, Joseph Parker, Nathan Parker, 
Richard Blake, Edmond Faulkner. To these a number of 
others were soon added. John Barnard was probably the 
first child baptized in Andover. 

Mr. Wood bridge, in 1647, resigned his charge and re- 
turned to England, and was succeeded by Mr. Francis 
Dane, who took charge of the Society. Both of these gen- 
tlemen were born in England ; neither of them received 
the honors of a university there ; but their education for 
the ministry was completed in this country. 

The first meeting house was built near the old burying 
ground, unless there was a temporary one, of which we 
have no account, and was furnished with a bell, which was 
used till about the year 1755. It cannot now be ascertain- 
ed when this house was built, what were its dimensions, or 
how the bell was obtained. It had two galleries, one above 
the other, and stood till 1711, when a new one was erect- 
ed. 

From the town being early and constantly supplied with 
regular religious instruction, and from the ability of the 
people to maintain a religious teacher, it may be concluded 
that the settlement was prosperous, and that there were 
some men of wealth, who were able and willing to sustain 
the burdens incident to a new town. It also appears, that 

* Hubbard. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 75 

they steadily kept in view, the object for which they left 
the mother country, the enjoyment of the worship of God 
and of religious ordinances, according to their understand- 
ing and the dictates of conscience. 

Mr. Dane's ministry was long and useful. No records 
are transmitted respecting the church. From the town 
book, it appears that he was respected, that harmony pre- 
vailed, that the worship and ordinances of religion were 
well attended. He died 17 Feb. 1697, in the 82d year of 
his age, having been an officer in the church 48 years.* 

In 1682, Jan. 13, " It was universally voted, that the 
Committee abovesaid, should give Mr. Barnard a call to set- 
tle here in Andover, for the carrying on of the work of the 
ministry amongst us." In March following ; " Voted and 
passed, that the town shall give Mr. Barnard fifty pounds 
per annum, the one quarter of it in money, the use of the 
parsonage, and all his firewood, during the time Mr. Dane 
shall carry on part of the work ; then Mr. B. shall have 
eighty pounds per annum, one quarter part of it in money, 
together with the use of the parsonage, and all his firewood, 
during the time he shall carry on the whole work of the 
ministry."* In 1683, " Voted and passed, that five pounds 
of Mr. Dane's salary shall be paid in silver, during his abode 
in the ministry." Before this time, one half of his salary 
was paid in wheat, and the other liaif in Indian corn, at the 
current price. Money is always scarce in new settlements. 
The settlers have little to sell, and much to buy. 

Mr. Barnard was colleague with Mr. Dane about fifteen 
years, with whom harmony was maintained, and the inter- 
est of Christianity and of the town was promoted. His 
ministry to the whole town was about twenty eight years, 
and v.'as satisfactory and successful. 

About the y^^ar 1707, the parsonage house was destroy- 

* Town Jlec.orJs, 



76 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

ed by fire, and the town provided a house for Mr. B. and 
fortified it against the Indians. After a i^ew years, the town 
made a grant to Mr. B. to enable hi»n to procure a house 
for himself. There has been no parsonage house since in 
the North parish. 

In 1707, it was thought necessary to build a new meet- 
ing house ; but there was much disagreement concerning 
the place where it should be erected. There were several 
town meetings on the subject ; and after much discussion 
and examination, a petition was sent to the General Court, for 
a committee to determine the place. Upon examination by 
the Court's committee, the town was judged able to sup- 
port two ministers; and in May 1709, the town, by an act 
of the General Court, was divided into two parishes. The 
South parish was required to build a meeting house and a 
parsonage house ; and the town to set off parsonage land 
from the common land equal to the North Parish ; and Mr. 
Barnard had his election of the parishes. He remained in 
the North Parish. 

The North Parish, Oct. 1710, Voted to build anew 
meeting house, 50 feet long, 45 feet wide, and 24 feet be- 
tween joints ; and that Samuel Snow of Woburn be the 
chief workman. 

1711. The new meeting house was raised and finished, 
so as to be occupied at the close of the year. It stood near 
the place of the present house. — Mr. Barnard proposed that 
his salary be paid in money £42 instead of <£60 in corn, 
which makes the price of corn 2s, Ijd. a bushel; his pro- 
posal was accepted. 1713. Difficulty, as is usual, attend- 
ed vthe seating of the meeting house. 

1714. Seven families from Haverhill had seats in the 
meeting house and contributed to the support of the minis- 
ter. 

Mr. Barnard continued to minister with great accep- 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 7t 

tance and success till Oct. 1718, when he died suddenly, 
much lamented. Oct. 20th was appointed a day of humil- 
iation and prayer, on account of the sudden death of Rev. 
Mr. Barnard, and of being destitute.* 

Nov. 3. Granted £'21^ 10^, to pay Mr. Barnard's funeral 
charofes. 

During his ministry 275 members were admitted to the 
church. 

1718, Dec. 16. " Voted and passed, that the Precinct 
would call the Rev. Mr. John Barnard to be their settled 
gospel minister." Voted £Sd salary and the use of the 
parsonage lands. On the 29th, Voted to add c£10 yearly 
to the above sum, and £60 settlement. The Rev. Mr. 
Barnard began to preach as settled minister on the first 
Sabbath in Jan. 1719; and was ordained the eighth day of 
April following.* 

In 1727, the year of the great earthquake, 71, a larger 
number than usual, were added to the Church ; and 87, in 
the year following. In 1786, 38 united with the church. 

In March 1740, "It was voted and passed, that the pe- 
titioners, viz. Ephraim Foster, Joseph Robinson, John Fos~ 
ter, David Foster, Moses Foster, Joseph Robinson jr., Tim- 
othy Sessions, be set off from the Nortii Parish in Andover 
to the North parish in Boxford, to all intents and purpo- 
ses ; they the said petitioners paying their equal proportion 
for maintaining the gospel there, and all parish charges; 
the said petitioners relinquishing all their rights, privileges 
and interest in the parsonage lands and meeting house in 
the said North Parish in Andover, and that the petitioners 
obtain a confirmation of the General Court, and not be dis- 
missed till then."f 

In 1746, June, John Barker, John Barker jr. Nathan Bar- 

* Parish Records. t Church Records. 

7* 



"78 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

ker, with their wives, Nathan Barker 3d and widow Lacy, 
were dismissed to the second church of Boxford, on condi- 
tions of the forenamed petitioners. 

1752, Oct. 17. It was voted to build a new meeting 
house and to raise .£400. The price of labor for a man a 
day was is. 0|. and -^j ; for a pair of oxen 8d. a day till 1 
March. 

1753. June, the meeting house was raised ; Oct. Voted 
to raise =£300 for the meeting house. 1754. Jan. 1. Pews 
were sold for =£667 15>> 8d ; the highest pew at £17 Os 8d 
--the lowest at £6 1 3s 4c?. 

1754. Jan. 15. Voted that S. Phillips Esq., Joshua 
Frye, and Capt. James Frye be a committee to purchase a 
bell for the new meeting house. 

1755, March 1. Voted, " that Samuel Phillips Esq. give 
the thanks of this parish to Mr. William Phillips, merchant 
in Boston, for his great favor and bounty to the parish in 
giving them the purchase of a bell for their meeting house."* 
The purchase money was given by Capt. Nathaniel Frye. 
Rev. John Barnard died 14 June 1757, in the S9lh year of 
a faithful and successful ministry, in which 506 were admit- 
ted to the church ; 1200 baptisms. 

1757, June 29, " Voted that twenty pounds lawful mon- 
ey be paid by the parish toward defraying the funeral 
charge of Rev. John Barnard, who departed this life the 
14th instant, in the 6Sth year of his age."* 

There is sufficient evidence from the records of the 
church, that good order and discipline were maintained, 
that there was good fellowship with the neighbour- 
ing churches and ministers, and that peace and harmony 
prevailed in the parish. Upon the delinquency of any 
member, much pains with the spirit of meekness were ta- 
ken to restore him to duty, and to promote the edification 
of the church. 

* Parish Records. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 79 

1757, Aug. IZ. ''Voted, that Thursday the 2oth inst. 
be kept as a day of fasting and prayer to Almighty God 
previous and preparatory to invitnig and settling an ortho- 
dox minister among us."* 

In October, the Committee were instructed to apply to 
Mr. William Symmes, and no other person, " to continue 
to preach upon probation ;" and Dec. 5th the Parish vo- 
ted to concur with the church in making choice of Mr. 
Symmes to be their gospel minister. 

Voted £\6Q for Mr. Symmes's settlement; =£70 for 
his salary with 15 cords of wood and the use of the par- 
sonage lands; and that after seven years are expired, <£10 
more be added, and as much wood as he may need, in lieu 
of the 15 cords. On account of Pvlr. Symmes's sickness, 
his ordination was deferred to 1st November, 1758. 

1701, March 16. " Voted, that the parish Committee 
return the thanks of this parish to Mr. Benjamin Barker for 
his late kind and generous offer of such a sum of money as 
shall be sufficient to purchase a parish c/ocA;."* The clock 
still remains upon the meeting house. 

1779, March, Voted to set off Asa Parker and his es- 
tate to the second parish in Boxford. 

1780, April, "Voted to raise c£J940, to pay the de- 
ficiency of Ilev. William Symmes's salary since the depre- 
ciation of paper money, which is esteemed with the money 
already given him equal to the >£ 80 contracted, to the 
commencement of the present year of his jninistry." 

" The Rev. William Symmes's gives his thanks to the 
parish for their generous vote, and relinquisiies 1000 dol- 
lars of the ^1940."* 

1797, March 9. Voted to build a Hearse. This was built 
by Mr. Bott of Salem, and is supposed to be the first pro- 
per hearse in the county, and perha{)s in tiie State. 



* Parish Reci>r Js. 



80 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

1800, Voted to use Belknap's Psalm book in the con- 
gregation. Brady and Tate's was used previously to this; 
and probably before this last, the N. England Version, or 
Sternhoid and Hopkins. 

1H'J7, The bell having been broken, Voted to purchase 
a new bell for the meeting house, to weigh TJOO weight ; 
this bell is now in the use of the parish. 

Dr. Symmes died 8d May 1807, in the 79th year of his 
age, and 49th of his ministry. Dr. Cumings of Bilterica 
preached from 2 Cor. 5: 1, at his funeral. 

May l'2th. Voted that the parish committee draw on the 
parish treasurer to pay the bills for the expenses of the fu- 
neral of Dr. Symmes. 

Voted, that Thursday the 18th of June next be kept 
as a day of fasting and prayer to Almighty God, previous 
and preparatory to inviting and settling a gospel minister 
amongst us.* 

The half century of Dr. Symmes's ministry was embar- 
rassing to the clergy in general. He was settled during 
the French war, so called. Soon after peace was pro- 
claimed, difficulties with Great Britain commenced. These 
kept the country in agitation, till the arduous war of the 
revolution, which called forth all the resources of the peo- 
ple, and reduced the clergy and others to great distress. 
The depreciation of paper money rendered their salaries 
entirely inadequate to their support. Our government was 
scarcely settled before the French revolution involved the 
civilized world in commotion and trouble. War and civil 
commotions are unfriendly to the gentle and peaceful spirit 
of the gospel. Vice and neglect of religion and religious 
instittitions are apt to grow out of war and the agitations of 
the body politic. If durin rsuch a period, the gospel should 
be less influential on society, and intemperance, profanity, 
and immorality shoulrl increase, it would be nothing strange. 

* Farisli Records. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 81 

During the ministry of Dr. Symmes, peace and harmo- 
ny prevailed in the parish ; and he was highly esteemed by 
all who were capable of appreciating his learning and his 
worth. 

Four ministers served the parish 160 years, 15 of which 
Mr. Barnard was colleague with Mr. Dane. During this 
long period, there has been no contention in the parish 
with its ministers, nor have there been divisions and bit- 
terness among its members. There has been scarcely a 
dissenter from the stated worship. The ministers have 
been worthy of respect, and have been respected, and 
their influence has been salutary. There has been no 
difficulty, which has called for the interposition of a coun- 
cil, or which has alienated the affections of the people from 
their ministers, or has interrupted the peace of the church, 
or parish. 

During his ministry, baptisms were loOO. 

The parish, after hearing a number of candidates for the 
ministry, united 10th July 1810, in calling Mr. Bailey 
Loring, of Duxbury, to settle in the gospel ministry, and 
voted to give him $800, salary a year, so long as he should be 
their minister, and $500, settlement. The ordination was 
on the 19th Sept. 1810. 

The Church Covenant that had been in use previously 
to this time could not be found. October 23d the Church 
adopted the following : " You profess to believe in one God, 
the Father, Maker of all things — and in Jesus Christ 
his son, the Messiah and Saviour of men, the only Medi- 
ator between God and man — and in the Holy Spirit, 
which bears testimony to the Truth, and confirms the 
Faith of Christians. You receive the Holy Scriptures of 
the Old and New Testament, as being profitable for doc- 
trine, reproof, correction and instruction in righteousness, 
and, through Faith in Christ, sufficient to make men wise 



82 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

unto Salvation. — You profess repentance of all past vices, 
and a full purpose of heart to forsake every evil and false 
vi^ay, and to cleave to that which is good. You do now 
publicly covenant with God that you will search after and 
obey the Truth as it is in Jesus — that fleeing sinful lusts 
you will follow after Righteousness, charity and peace — 
that you will not forsake the assembling of yourself with 
the people of God for public worship ; but make it your 
constant study to walk in all the Commandments, and or- 
dinances of the Lord blamelessly — and that walking in 
communion with this Church you will submit to its watch- 
ful care and discipline, praying for its edification and the 
prosperity of Zion. 

1817, April 14. Voted by the Parish to purchase an 
acre and quarter of land of Jonathan Stevens for a burying 
ground. 

1822, March, " Voted that the parish Committee erect 
stoves in the meeting house, and that they be fixed by the 
first day of Nov. next." 

1825. The training field north from Dr. Kittredge's, 
containing about five acres, was exchanged for four acres in 
front of the meeting house, and opened for a common, 
much for the improvement of the parish. The horse sheds 
were moved to the N. East side of the meeting house. 

Parsonage lands were early appropriated for the sup- 
port of the ministry. The minister had the income of 
them, which rendered the salary received from the Parish 
small. These lands, soon after ^he death of Dr. Symmes, 
were sold and the money appropriated for a fund, vvliich 
amounts to 7000 dollars, the income of which is applied to 
paying the salary of the minister. 

Church Plate, S^c. 1728, May — Money contributed for 
three silver Tankards ; Benjamin Stevens Esq. gave one at 
the same time. 1739, six silver tankards belonged to the 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 8^3 

church. — 1740. Mrs. Mary Aslebee gave a Tankard, Tim- 
othy Osgood, Ebenezftr Osgood, and widow '■ — gave 

each a Tankard ; and Mrs. Elizabeth Abbot gave one by 
wiJl. — 17(51, Capt. Timothy Johnson gave a Tankard. — 
176o, Benjamin Barker gave a silver Flagon.— 1801, Capt. 
Peter Osgood gave a silver Flagon. 

179i), Mrs. Catherine Powell, wife of William Powell 
Esq. of Boston, presented a Bible for the use of the pulpit. 
17a5, Capt. Nathaniel Frye presented a Bell to the parish; 
and 1761 Mr. Benjamin Barker gave a Clock for the meet- 
ing house. 

Deacons of the North Church, 

Elected. Died. A"e. 

John Frye 28 Sept. 1696. " 

1693, March 25, John Barker, 14 Jan. 1722. 

1694, March 25, Joseph Stevens, 8 March, 1743, 88. 
1719, Dec. 19, John Osgood, Nov. 1765, 83. 
1727, March 10, John Farnum, 27 Oct. 1762. 77. 
1736, Sept. 17, Samuel Barker, 11 Nov. 1766, 83. 
1748, June 18, Samuel Phillips, 21 Aug. 1790, 75. 
1763, April 27. Joseph Osgood, Jan. 1797. 78. 
1766, Aug. 27. Joseph Barker, Nov. 1786. 82, 
1790, June 3. Benjamin Farnum, 

1797, March 21. John Adams, June 1813, 77. 

1797, March 21. George Osgood, 24 Oct. 1823, 66. 

1813, July 12. Joshua Wilson, 23 July, 1823, 79. 

1824, April Jedidiah Farnum, 

1824, April William Frost, jr. 

Deacons in N. P. Bojford belonging to Andover. 
1743, June 15, David Foster, 1 Oct. 1766, 65. 

1790, April 8. Asa Parker, 29 May 1820, 90. 

1S06, March 4. Charles Foster, 



^^ history of andover. 

Ecclesiastical and Parochial Affairs in the 
South Parish. 
1709, May— The South Parish was incorporated, and 
the first meeting was held the 20th of June. The Parish 
proceeded immediately to build a meeting house, which 
was occupied in January 1710. At this time, it was vot- 
ed to build a parsonage house 43 feet long, 20 feet wide, 
and 14 feet stud. 

A fast was kept previous to settling a minister. Dec. 
12, 1710, "Voted unanimously, that Mr. Samuel Phillips 
be 'our settled minister— Voted and passed, that the Pre- 
cinct would pay Mr. Phillips £m in money a year, while 
he carries on the work of the ministry among us in an un- 
married state, and when he shall see reason to marry, then 
to add to his salary i:i0 a year, so long as he shall contin- 
ue in the work of the ministry among us ;"— " that the Pre- 
cinct would build and maintain a parsonage house, &c.— 
and that, if it should please God to take away Mr. Phillips 
by death, and he leave a widow or children, that then the 
Precinct'would give to his widow or children ^50 and the 
use of one half of the parsonage house one year.'' 

A Covenant for gathering and settling a Church in the 
\J South precinct in Anduver. 

We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, apprehend- 
ing ourselves called of God, to join together in church com- 
munion: (acknowledging our unworthiness of such a privi- 
lege and our inability to keep covenant with God, unless 
Christ shall enable us thereunto ;) in humble dependence 
on free grace for divine assistance and acceptance ; we do 
in the ntme of Christ Jesus our Lord freely covenant and 
bind ourselves solemnly in the presence of God himself, 
his holy angels, and all his servants here present, to serve 
the only living and true God, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 85 

whose name alone is Jehovah, cleaving to him as our chief 
good, and unto our Lord Jesus Christ, as our only Saviour, 
the Prophet, Priest, and King of our souls, in a way of gos- 
pel ohedience : Avouching the Lord to be our God and the 
God of our children, whom we give unto him ; and resolve 
that we and our houses will serve the Lord, counting it as 
an high favour, that the Lord will accept of us, and our 
children with us, to be his people. We do also give our- 
selves to one another in the Lord, covenanting to walk to- 
gether as a church of Christ in all the ways of his worship 
according to the holy rules of his word ; promising in 
brotherly love faithfully to watch over one another's souls, 
and to submit ourselves to the discipline and power of 
Christ in his church ; and duly to attend the seals and cen- 
sures or whatever ordinances Christ has commanded to be 
observed by his people, so far as the Lord by his Word and 
Spirit has or shall reveal unto us to be our duty, adorning 
the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things, avoiding even 
the appearance of evil. And that we may keep our cove- 
nants with God, we desire to deny ourselves, and to depend 
wholly on the free mercy of God, and upon the merits of 
Jesus Christ ; and wherein we shall fail, to vtait on him for 
pardon through his name ; beseeching the Lord to own us 
as a church of Christ, and to delight to dwell in the midst 
of us. — Samuel Phillips, Cliristopher Osgood, John Abbot, 
William Lovejoy, Francis Dane, John Russ, William John- 
son, Ralph Farnum, Thomas Chandler, Nehemiah Abbot, 
John Johnson, William Foster, William Chandler. — Mary 
Russell, Sarah Abbot, Dorcas Abbot, Deborah Russ, Han- 
nah Bigsby, Sarah Abbot, Hannah Dane, Sarah Chandler, 
Rebekah Ballard, Hannah Ballard, Mary Lovejoy, Eliza- 
beth Johnson, Mary Chandler, Phebe Russell, Sarah Pres- 
ton, Mary Johnson, Sarah Farnum, Anna Blanchard, Han- 
nah Holt, Abigail Abbol, Mary Lovejoy. 

Andover, October 17, 1711 ; Then this Covenant was 
8 



86 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

publicly read and consented to, and they were therefore 
declared to be a Church ; and Mr. Samuel Phillips was, a^ 
their desire, ordained their Pastor by the Rev. Mr. Thom- 
as Barnard of Andover, Mr. Edward Pay son of Rowley, 
Mr. Joseph Green of Salem Village, and Mr. Thomas 
Symmes of Bradford.* 

Bills of credit being depreciated, ,£20 were granted to 
make the salary good for the years 1718, '19, and '20; and 
£10 were to be added to his salary so long as the bills of 
credit should be depreciated. In 1728, £20 were added ; 
— 1733, £40; and in 1740 and some following years, £80 
were added to his salary. 

1732, June, Voted to build a new meeting house on 
Rogers hill, 55 feet long, 45 feet wide, and 28 feet stud, 
after the same form and fashion of the present one. After- 
ward it was voted, 60 feet long, 44 feet wide and 30 feet 
between plate and sill.t 1734, May 12, the last time of 
public worship in first meeting house, which had been im- 
proved 24 years and almost 4 months. May 19, the first as- 
sembling for worship in the second meeting house. Mr. 
Phillips preached on the occasion from Haggai 2: 9.* 

After a faithful and useful ministry of sixty years, Mr. 
Phillips died on 5 June 1771, in the 82d year of his age. 

At a meeting immediately after his death, it was voted, 
" that at his funeral, the bearers should have rings — that 
the ordained ministers that attend the funeral shall have 
gloves — that the ministers who preached gratis in Mr. 
Phillips' illness have gloves — that the parish will be at the 
charge of the funeral of the Rev. S. Phillips — and voted to 
hear the bearers in their turn."t 

During Mr. Phillips' ministry the practice of recogniz- 
ing the baptismal covenant was earnestly urged, and there 
were very few who were not baptized. In a note to one of his 
sermons in 1727, he states, that he does not recollect a sin- 

* Records of the South Church. t S. P. Records. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. St 

g\e native of the parish that was not baptized. All who re- 
ceived baptism were considered under the watch and dis- 
cipline of the church. He records, 1720, •' then the pas- 
tor minded the church (in a brief discourse) of their duty 
with respect to the children of the church, and showed 
that it was their duty to watch over them, and that by the 
neglect thereof, the church had contracted a great deal of 
guilt."* 

The church and parish were united, there were no sec- 
taries, and the religious assemblies were well attended. The 
people entertained profound respect for their minister, and 
gave great attention to his instructions and admonitions. 
He was attentive to promote the edification of the church, 
and maintain its peace and order. 

Baptisms from 1711 to 1772 inclusive, were 1831: 
Communicants for the same period, admitted to the church, 
were 502.* 

JSoon after the death of Mr. Phillips, considerable disa- 
greement arose in the parish concerning a place for a new 
meeting house, and there appeared some disposition to di- 
vide the parish. It was agreed to postpone building for ten 
years, and the dispute then subsided. 

1771, Oct. ICi-h was appointed and set apart for a day 
of fasting in order to the resettling of the gospel ministrv. 

1772, May 21. The parish made choice of Mr. Jona- 
than French to be their gospel minister — Voted £100 a 
settlement, =£80 salary, the use of the parsonage lands and 
buildings, and his fire wood.f 

1772, Sept. 23d^ Mr. French was ordained. 

Recognizing the baptismal covenant and administering 
baptism to the children of parents who were not communi- 
cants were at this time discontinued. 

1772, March, Voted to sing Watts' Psalms and Hymns. 

♦ Church Records, t Parish Records. 



OO HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Previous to this the New England version of the Psalms 
was in use. 

1794, It was " voted by the church that the common 
method of reading the psalm line by line should be drop- 
ped." This practice in the congregation had a short time 
before been discontinued. Reading and singing line by 
line had prevailed generally in the N. England churches. 

1773, Voted, " that instead of the usual practice of ex- 
hibiting relations previous to admission into the church, 
the following form of confession of faith be propounded in 
public to each candidate previous to admission into the 
church." 

" You, A. B., do professedly believe there is one God, 
Father, Son, and Holy Ghost — that the Bible is the word 
of God, which was written by the prophets and apostles, un- 
der the inspiration of the Holy Spirit — you also believe the 
fall of man, the depravity of human nature ; and the re- 
demption through the mediation, intercession, and atone- 
ment of Christ; that Christ has appointed two special or- 
dinances under the gospel dispensation to be observed by 
every true believer in his name; viz. Baptism and the 
Lord's Supper — that the qualifications of these ordinances 
are true repentance toward God, and faith in our Lord Je- 
sus Christ. — You believe also that the soul will exist after 
the dissolution of the body, and that there will be a day of 
final judgment, in which every one shall receive a reward 
according to his works."* 

1788. After some dissension, it was voted to build a 
new meeting house, and place it near the site of the old. 
The west part of the parish being dissatisfied, petitioned 
the Legislature to be set off as a distinct Parish ; but the 
petition was withdrawn. 

The last time of meeting in the old house was the 20th 

* Church Records. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 89 

April 1788 ; and the last sermon was from Haggai I: 7, 8. 
The house was occupied nearly 54 years. While the pres- 
ent house was in building, public worship was performed 
32 sabbaths in the hall of Phillip's Academy. The new 
house, 70 feet long, 54 wide with a porch in front and at 
each end, was raised may 26th and 27th, and completed 
and pews all sold, so that the first time of assembling for 
public worship was on Lord's day, Dec. 7, 1788 ; and the 
sermon on the occasion was from John 10: 22, 23, by the 
Pastor. 

1792, June, Samuel Abbot Esq. presented a bell of 
1100 pounds weight for the use of the meeting house. 

1798, March, Voted to procure a Hearse. Before this 
it was customary to bear the dead to the grave on the 
shoulders on a bier. 

Mr. French died suddenly June 28, 1809, after a 
faithful and successful ministry of 37 years, in the 70th 
year of his age. 

It was voted, that the Parish will be at the expense of 
the funeral of the Rev. Jonathan French ; procure 
mourning for the family ; tliat suitable provision be made 
for the bearers, and other clergymen who attend the fune- 
ral, and the friends of the deceased. Also that Mrs. F^rench 
have the use of the parsonage buildings till April, and that 
she have the crops of the present year ; to continue Mr- 
French's salary to the 1st of April next; and to give Mrs. 
French 12 cords of fire wood, and more if necessary. 

Much affection and respect subsisted between Mr. 
French and his people. The assembly on the Sabbath 
was full ; there were very few dissentients from the Par- 
ish ; good order prevailed ; and very few difficulties arose 
to disturb the edification and peace of the church. During 
a century, which included the ministry of two pastors only, 
no troubles arose in the Parish to render it necessary or 
8* 



90 



HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 



expedient to call for the advice of a council. Much effect 
was given to the ministry by the influence and example of 
leading members of the Society. 

Baptisms from 1773 to 1812 inclusive, were 1449; 
communicants admitted to the church during the same 
time were 771. 

1809, Sept. A day was set apart for fasting and prayer 
previous to settling a gospel minister. 

The Parish heard a number of candidates, and invited 
Mr. G. Spring, Mr. G. S. Olds, and Rev. A. Hooker to 
settle, but without success. 

1812, Aug. 10. The Parish concurred with the church 
in calling Mr. Justin Edwards to settle in the work of the 
gospel ministry, and voted a salary of $900 annually, and 
the use of the parish pew, for his support. 

1812, Dec. 2. Mr. Edwards was ordained. He con- 
tinued to labor in the ministry till J827, October 1st; 
when at his own request he was dismissed ; and on the 
first of Jan. 1828 was installed the first minister of a new 
church in Boston. 
Confession of Faith and Covenant, adopted hy the 
South Chm'ch in Andover, 1812. 

1. You believe in one only living and true God ; the 
Father, Son, and Holy Ghost ; and that it is the duty of all 
intelligent creatures, to love and obey him. 

2. You believe that the Bible is the word of God ; that 
it was given by the inspiration of the Holy Ghost ; and is 
the suflicient and only rule of faith and practice. 

3. You believe that God created man upright ; you be- 
lieve the fall of man, the depravity of human nature, and 
that men, unless they are born again, can never see the 
kingdom of God. 

4. You believe in the incarnation, obedience, suffering, 
and death of Christ ; his resurrection, and ascension ; that 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 91 

he alone, by his sufferino; and death, hath made atonement 
for sin ; and that he ever livpth to make intercession for us. 

5. You believe that Christ hath appointed two special 
ordinances, viz. Baptism and the Lord's Supper ; that bap- 
tism is to be administered to unbaptized adults, who pro- 
fess their faith in Christ, and to infant children of mem- 
bers of the church. 

6. You believe the future existence of the soul ; that 
there will be a resurrection of both the righteous and the 
wicked— a day of final judgment ; that all will receive ac- 
cording to their works, that the wicked will go away into 
everlasting punishment, and the righteous into life eternal. 

Covenant. You now, humbly and penitently asking 
the forgiveness of all your sins, through the blood of the 
great Redeemer, give up yourself to God, in an everlasting 
covenant, in our Lord Jesus Christ ; and as in the pres- 
ence of God, angels, and men, you solemnly promise, that 
by the assistance of the Holy Spirit, you will forsake the 
vanities of this present evil world, and approve yourself a 
true disciple of Jesus Christ, in all good carriage toward 
God, and toward man. 

And you likewise promise, so long as God shall contin- 
ue you among us, to walk in communion with the church 
of Christ in this place; to watch over other professing 
christians among us ; to submit to the power and disci- 
pline of Christ in his church, and duly to attend to the 
seals and the censures, or whatever ordinance Christ has 
commanded to be observed by his people, so far as the 
Lord, by his Word and Spirit has, or shall, reveal to you to 
be your duty ; adorning the doctrine of God our Saviour in 
all things, and avoiding the appearance of evil ; and by 
daily prayer to Almighty God in the name of his Son Je- 
sus Christ, you will seek for grace to keep this covenant. 

The baptisms from 1813 to 1827 inclusive, were 509, 



Sra HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

and members during the same time admitted to the church 
were 268. 

Mr. Milton Badger, from Coventry, Con. was employed 
to preach as the first candidate, and was soon invited to 
settle as successor of Dr. Edvi'ards. with a salary of $730 
annually, and was ordained Jan. 3, 1828. 

IS J. 5. A vestry was built by individuals. 1820, Dec. 
Stoves were ordered to be placed in the meeting house for 
the purpose of warming it. 

1810. An act of the Legislature was obtained authori- 
zing the sale of the parsonage lands, and requiring the 
property to be committed to the care and management of sev- 
en Trustees, who are accountable to the parish ; the income 
of the property to be applied for the support of the ministry. 
— The amount of the funds at the present time, 1828, is 
$15,000. 

1812, March 5. Samuel Abbot, Esq. presented a clock 
to the Parish for the use of the meeting house; and on the 
18th of the same month, he gave the church $500, the in- 
come of which he directed to be distrihuted among the poor 
of the church under the direction of the minister and dea- 
cons. The Rev. Samuel Phillips had made a donation of 
^100 lawful money, for the same benevolent purpose. 

Church Plate. 1801. Five silver tankards were purchas- 
ed by the church, and one presented by an unknown 
friend ; three silver tankards belonged to the church before. 
1802. Two Flagons were presented to the church, one by 
the direction of the late Hon. S. Phillips, and the other by 
Samuel Abbot, Esq., the cost of both $218, 10.— 1810, A 
tankard was presented to the church by direction of the late 
Deacon Joshua Holt. — 1812. A tankard was presented by 
Samuel Abbot, Esq. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 93 

Deacons of the South Church. 

Elected. Died. Age. 

1711, Nov. 8. John Abbot, March 1721. 73 

William Lovejoy, July 20, 1748. 90 

1720, Sept. 22. Nehemiah Abbot, Oct. 8, 1750. 83 

John Abbot, Jan. I, 1754. 79 

1744, March 20. Isaac Abbot, Aug. 9, 1784. 85 

Joseph Abbot, Aug. 23, 1787. 82 
moved to Wilton 1776. 

1755, Feb. 4. John Dane, July, 1801. 84 

Hezekiah Ballard, Dec. 1801. 81 

1776, April 16. Joshua Holt July, 24, 1810. 80 

1785, May 30. S. Phillips (excused) Feb. 1802. 50 

Zebadiah Abbot, Nov. 24, 1793. 54 
1794, April 21. Samuel Abbot, (excused) April 1812. 80 

Daniel Poor, June 20, 1814. 74 

Isaac Abbot, 

Nathan Abbot, March 5, 1801. 48 

1801, May 21. Abiel Pearson, May 1827, 71 
1811, April 2. Mark Newman, 

1813, April 2. Zebadiah Abbot, removed to the West 
Church 1827. 

1825, Amos Blanchard. 

1826, Dec. 2. Amos Abbot. 

1827, Aug. 21. Paschal Abbot, 

The West Parish, taken from the South Parish in con- 
sequence of increased population, was incorporated March, 
1827. 

The West Church, with the consent and approbation of 
the South Parish and Church, was organized, December 5, 
1826, with the same confession of faith and covenant as is 
used in the South Church. The Deacons elected were 
Zebadiah Abbot, Solomon Holt, and Ebeiiezer Lovejoy. 

In 1826, a meeting house was built of granite, 64 feet 
by .52, 25 feet post. It was dedicated December 26, 1826. 

Mr. Samuel C. Jackson was invited, April 3, 1827, to 
settle in the ministry on a salary of -^^OOO, and was ordain- 
ed 6 June followino-. 



94 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

This parish receives annually about 'f*280 from the funds 
which belonged to the South Parish, for the support of the 
minister. 

Biographical Sketch of the Ministers of Andover. 

Rev. John Woodbridge was born in 1613, at Stanton, 
Wiltshire, England, son of Rev. John Woodbridge, a non- 
conforming minister. He was sent to Oxford for his edu- 
cation ; but when required to take the oath of conformity, 
he left the college, and pursued his studies in a more pri- 
vate way. The ceremonies of the church being vigorously 
enforced, young Woodbridge, in 1634, came to New En- 
gland with Rev. Thomas Parker, his uncle. He with oth- 
ers took up land in Newbury, and continued his studies, 
till, on account of his father's death, he was called to En- 
gland. Having accomplished his business, he returned to 
New England; and, in 1641, married a daughter of Hon. 
Thomas Dudley. He was among the tirst settlers of An- 
dover, and purchased the township for the settlers of Cuts- 
hamache. Sagamore of Massachusetts, for six pounds and a 
coat, which purchase the Sagamore acknowledged before 
the Court in 1646, when Andover was incorporated. Mr. 
W. was with the settlers as a teacher, at or very near the 
time of the first plantation of the town. It was expected 
that a church would be organized, and IMr. W. would be 
ordained pastor, in September 1644, at Rowley, as the 
council and people that would probably be assembled, could 
not be accommodated in a place so new as Andover then 
was. But those that were to be formed into a church state, 
and who had belonged to other churches, declined repeat- 
ing the declaration of their faith and repentance ; the mes- 
sengers of the churches, not satisfied, separated without 
forming the church, and Mr. W. was not ordained at that 
time. The next year, they met at Rowley, the church was 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 95 

organized, and Mr. W. was ordained, Oct. 1645, by Mr. 
Wilson of Boston and Mr. Worcester of Salisbury. " There 
is a tradition," Dr. Symnies remarks, "that Mr. Woodbridge 
was the first, strictly speaking, that was ordained a minis- 
ter of the gospel in this county, and the second in New En- 
gland." 

By the solicitation of friends he was induced to resign 
his charge, in 1647, and to return to England ; where he 
preached first at Andover in Hampshire, and afterwards at 
Burford, Wiltshire ; whence he was ejected soon after the 
restoration of Charles II. He was also thrown out of his 
school at Newbury by the Bartholomew act. This occa- 
sioned his return, in 1663, to New England. Soon after 
this, he was invited to settle in Newbury as an assistant to 
his aged uncle, Mr. Thomas Parker, where for several 
years he continued his ministry. But a difference arising 
between him and his people concerning church discipline, 
he thought it best to resign his ministry among them. He 
was still highly esteemed, and, in the winter of 1684, was 
employed to preach during the sickness of Mr. Richardson, 
the minister of Newbury. Soon after his dismission, it is 
said, " he was remarkably blest in his private estate," which 
supplied the loss of his salary. 

In 1 683, he was chosen an assistant ; and after the 
change of the government, he was appointed Justice of 
Peace. 

His wife died, July 1691, fifty years after marriage. 
He died March 1695, in the eighty second year of his age. 
His reputation was good ; and he was distinguished for his 
piety, his submission under afflictions, his composure of 
mind and patience ; his readiness to forgive injuries, and 
his entire control of his passions. A messenger once 
brought him word of great loss of property ; his reply was, 
" what a mercy it is, that this is the first time that I have 
met with such a disaster." 



96 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

He had twelve children, eleven of whom lived to adult 
age. Three sons and two sons in law were in the ministry; 
and he lived to see four grandsons preparint{ for it. 

John was settled in the ministry, 1666, in Killingworth; 
in 1679 installed at VVethersfield, and died in 1690. Tim- 
othy was minister of Hartford. 

Benjamin VVoodbridge, his brother, the first on Har- 
vard college catalogue, was successor of the famous Dr. 
Twisse of Newbury, Eng. and was in high reputation as a 
scholar, a preacher, a casuist, and a christian. He was 
honored with D. D. from Oxford. He died Nov. \6S4, 
aged 62.* 

Rev. Fkancis Dane was successor to Mr. Woodbridge. 
The particular time of his coming to Andover, or of his 
ordination, is not now known, but it was about 1648. He 
had not been educated at either of the Universities in 
England, but completed his theological education in this 
country. He appears to have been useful and respected 
in his profession. The town, during his ministry, enjoyed 
peace, and was regular in attending and maintaining reli- 
gious institutions. In a settlement so new, he was liable 
to many privations and hardships in common wiih the first 
planters. There is no evidence of impatience or want of 
fortitude under them. His salary was small, and paid one 
half in wheat and one half in Indian corn, at the current 
price. His wife Elizabeth died June 1676. Mr. Thomas 
Barnard was, in 1682, settled as a colleague with him, and 
was his assistant more than fifteen years. To what period 
of life Mr. Dane continued his labors is uncertain. Mrs. 
Mary, his wife, died March 1689; and at an advanced age, 
he married the widow of George Abbot, sen. who died 
June 1711, in the 83d year of her age. 

In the time of the witchcraft frenzy, in 1692, of which 

* See Mather'8 Magnalia, Allen's Biog. Diet., Hiat. i>f N. E. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 97 

Andover had its full share, it is said, that intimations that 
Mr. Dane was implicated, served in some measure to check 
the delusion ; as it was not deemed credible, that a man 
of his known piety and uprightness could be in league with 
the devil. He expressed his sympathy and used his exer- 
tions for the relief of those of his parishioners, who were 
imprisoned, by writing to the Court, and also by signing a 
certificate in their favor. He died the 17th Feb. 1(>97, in 
the 82d year of his age, having been an officer in the 
church of Andover 48 years. He left two sons, Nathaniel 
and Francis. Nathaniel died 1725, aged 80 years ; De- 
liverance, his wife, died 1735, aged 81 years. Their sons 
were Nathaniel, Francis, and Daniel. Lieut. Francis 
died 1738, aged 81; Hannah, his wife, died 1746, aged 
85. Their sons were ^ Francis, Abiel, John, Joseph, Dan- 
iel. — ^Francis, '* Francis. — ^John, ^ John, Joseph, William, 
Daniel, and Mary. ^ John was deacon in the South church 
46 years, and was accustomed to set the psalm when it was 
the practice to read and sing line by line. He died, July 
1801, aged 84 years and six months. His wife Elixabeth 
died 1801, aged 82. ^ Joseph, his brother, died 1807, aged 
84. Mary, his sister, married Samuel Chickering ; died 
1824, aged 92. 

There was another bearing the name Dane, supposed 
to be a brother, or near relation of Mr. Dane of Andover, 
who early settled in Ipswich, from whom descended Hon. 
Nathan Dane, LL. D. of Beverly, and Hon. Joseph Dane 
of Kennebunk, both of whom have been members of Con- 
gress, and have sustained important offices in the Com- 
monwealth. 

Rev. Thomas Barnard, son of Francis B. of Hadley, 

the third minister of Andover, was a graduate of Harvard 

College of 1679. In January 16^2, he was unanimously 

invited by the town to settle as an assistant of Mr. Dane in 

9 



98 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

carrying on the work of the ministry. There is no record 
of the time of his ordination. The parsonage house bemg 
burned about the year 1707, he purchased some time after, 
the house said to be built and occupied by Governor Brad- 
street. This house has been occupied successively by 
Rev. John Barnard and Dr. Symmes, and is now owned by 
Mr. Simeon Putnam, and is still a good house. During 
four or five years before the division of the town into two 
parishes, there was warm contention concerning the place 
for a new meeting house. In 1709, the town was amica- 
bly divided into two parishes. Mr. B. had his election of 
the parishes. During the long and warm altercation, he 
conducted with such prudence and affectionate fidelity, as 
to retain the esteem and confidence of all his people. He 
died suddenly Oct. 13, 1718, in the sixty second year of 
hi? age, and 37th of his ministry, greatly beloved and high- 
ly esteemed. 

Rev. Mr. Phillips of the South parish, intimately ac- 
quainted with him, eight or nine last years of his ministry, 
has given him the following character, in a preface to a 
sermon, preached in 1739, by Mr. .^ohn Barnard. ** I 
shall very gladly take the opportunity which so fairly offers, 
to acknowledge that 1 have always esteemed it a favor of 
Providence, that my lot was cast in the same town with 
that holy man of God. who was pleased to express the 
kindness of a father towards me also, and where I had, for 
some years, the advantage of his guidance and example. 
And I doubt not, but that it will be very acceptable to all 
those of his hearers, in each parish, who are now living, 
for me to revive the remembrance of this their former 
Pastor, of blessed memory ; and in order hereunto, to go 
on and say, (which I am persuaded they will readily assent 
to the truth of, viz.) that he was really one of the best of 
men, and of ministers. Not only an exemplary Christian, 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 99 

and Israelite indeed, in whom was found no guile ; but, 
moreover, had the tongue of t!ie learned, and was a sound 
and eminent divine ; delivered excellent sermons, and had 
the spirit as well as the gift of prayer ; was truly an able 
minister of the New Testament, and a faithful steward in 
the house of God ; naturally caring for the flock, and was 
therefore gentle as a father, yet, maintaining government 
and discipline in the church ; very compassionate to those 
in distress, and, like saint Barnabas of old, was truly a son 
of consolation ; also very obliging towards all men, and 
always studied the things which make for peace ; was sin- 
gularly prudent in his whole conduct; also grave and in- 
structive, and yet cheerful in conversation ; and I need 
not say, how kind and tender as a husband and a parent, 
nor how faithful as a friend ; and, which was very much 
his ornament, he was truly, of a meek and quiet spirit, and 
was clothed with humility." Mr. B. has been justly reck- 
oned among the eminent ministers of New England. 

Mr. B. married, Dec. 1686, Elizabeth Price, who died 
Oct. 1692. For a second wife, May 1696, Abigail Bull, 
who died, Aug. 170*2. He was married to his third wife, 
Lydia Goffe, Aug. 1704. Thomas, his oldest son, born 
Oct. 1688, died before his father, without issue. John, 
born March 1690, graduated H. Coll. 1709, ordained min- 
ister of Andover North Parish, April 1719, died June 14, 
1757. Theodore, his youngest son, born Feb. 1692, died 
Feb. 1725, aged 82 years, leaving three children, Elizabeth, 
Theodore, and Hannah. Elizabeth was the wife of the Hon. 
S. Phillips, and mother of the late Et. Governor S. Phillips.— 
See preface of Rev. J. Barnard^ s fan. Ser. of Ahiel Abbot- 

Rev. John Barnard, son of Rev. Thomas Barnard, 
born Feb. 26, 1690, was a graduate of H. Coll. 1709. Dur- 
ing several years, he taught the grammar school at Ando- 
ver, and the north grammar school at Boston. Immediate- 



100 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

\y upon the death of his father, he was thought of as his 
successor, and, in December 16, 1718, was invited to set- 
tle in the gospel ministry in the north parish. He began 
to preach as settled minister the first Sabbath in January 
1719, and was ordained the 8th of April following. At 
the ordination, Rev. Mr. Capen of Topsfield gave the 
charge. Rev. Mr. Stevens of Charlestown gave the right 
hand of fellowship, Rev. Thomas Symmes of Boxford 
preached the sermon, Rev. Mr. Rogers and Rev. Mr. Phil- 
lips assisted in prayer. Mr. Barnard died 14th June 1758, 
aged (38 years. 

Mr. Barnard was a good classical scholar ; and, after 
his settlement m the ministry, prepared for college many, 
some of whom were good scholars and useful men. His 
piety, gentleness, and pleasantry, his faithfulness and as- 
siduity in the discharge of ministerial duty, and the inter- 
est which he took in promoting the peace and improve- 
ment of his people, procured their love and confidence. 
As a preacher, and as a counsellor in the churches, he was 
very highly respected. His sound understanding, hospital- 
ity, benevolence and urbanity, gained the esteem and af- 
fection of a large circle of friends and acquaintance. He 
lived in much intimacy and friendship with Mr. Phillips of 
the south parish, and they mutually contributed to the good 
order, peace and harmony of the town. Mr. Phillips, in a 
preface to a sermon preached 1739, by Mr. Barnard, 
speaks of him with the utmost affection and respect. " As 
for the present worthy pastor of the flock of Christ in the 
north parish, although he be not willing that any encomi- 
um should be given of him, but, like his venerable father, 
before him, professes himself content, provided he may do 
some service in the world, and pass through it without con- 
tempt ; yet, I cannot forbear saying, that he is so well 
known and approved that he stands in no need at all of a 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 101 

word of recommendation from any man whatever." He 
adds, " If I may be allowed to speak the truth, — I shall go 
on to say, that 1 esteem myself not much less happy in this 
his son, who ministers beibre God and to his people, not 
only m his father's place, but also makes good, so far I sup- 
pose, as any man can, his father's ground. — I said, I es- 
teem myself happy in him,-' — for we have been for now 
more than 20 years past, labouring in this town, (though 
not properly as colleagues, yet) as good neighbours and cor- 
dial hrcthren ; which, let others think as meanly of as they 
please, yet, wc look upon it as an article essential to the 
comfort and happiness of our lives : — And I do the rather 
make mention of tliis thing, because I would from hence 
take occasion, both^ thankfully to acknowledge the smiles 
of heaven in that harmony and brotherly love, which have 
hitherto subsisted between us ; and to bewail it, that there 
is too much reason to think, that there is not so good un- 
derstanding between ministers of some towns, as might be 
wished for. — Will the God of love and peace be pleased to 
grant, that this hojjjty uniim, vv'hich is so much ot;r strength 
and beauty, may be preserved and established, to our com- 
fori and the people's edilication : And may all such who 
are the people's instructors^ and especially who are pastors 
in the same, ioiim, frequently visit each other, and be per- 
fectly joined together in the same mind, and in the same 
judgment, as it becomes all such, who not only serve the 
same master, but even style themselves the bridegroom's 
friends and ambassadors for Christ !" Many pleasant anec- 
dotes characteristic of these reverend gentlemen, are still 
remembered and often repeated. 

The people, for 70 years, during the ministry of Mr. 
Barnard and of his fatiier, enjoyed a series of peace and 
improvement beyond what is common. 

Mr. Barnard left two sons, both distinguished clergy- 
9* 



102 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

men in the ministry, Rev. Thomas Barnard of the first 
church, Salem ; and Rev. Edward Barnard of Haverhill ; 
and one daughter, Sarah, the wife of Rev. Dr. Tucker of 
of Newbury. His youngest son, John, died Oct. 1739, aged 
16 years, while a student in H. College. 

Mr. Barnard published a sermon at the ordination of 
Rev. Timothy Walker, Concord, N. H. A Funeral ser- 
mon of Mr. Abiel Abbot, 1739. Election sermon for 1746. 

He preached the Convention sermon, 2 Cor. 4: 1, which 
was not published. 

Rev. William Symmes, d. d., a descendant of Rev. Zach- 
arias S. who came to this country in 1635, and settled in 
Charlestown, was born in Charlestown, and was a graduate 
ofHarv. Coll. 1750, where he was a Tutor from 1755 to 
1758. He began to preach in the north parish in Ando- 
ver soon after the decease of Mr. Barnard, and was, on the 
5th of December, 1757, invited to settle in the gospel min- 
istry, and the third Wednesday of March following was ap- 
pointed for his ordination. On account of the sickness of 
Mr. Symmes, his ordination was postponed to the first day 
of November, 1758, when the Rev. Mr. Appleton of Cam- 
bridge gave the charge. Rev. Mr. Clark of Danvers gave 
the right hand of fellowship, Rev. Mr. Cook of Notomy, 
since West Cambridge, preached the sermon, and Rev. 
Mr. Parsons of Bradford, and Rev, Mr. Storer of Watertown 
assisted in prayer. Dr. Symmes died 3d of May 1807; 
Dr. Cumings of Billerica preached a sermon from 2 Cor. 
5: 1, at the funeral. 

The ministry of Dr. Symmes embraced a very difficult 
and eventful period. He was settled during the French 
war. Soon after the peace of 1763, the troubles with Great 
Britain and the Colonies commenced, which brought on 
the revolutionary war. During this war, the depreciation 
of the currency and the pressure on the people rendered it 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 103 

embarrassing for clergymen to support their families. The 
Federal Government was scarcely organized before the 
commencement of the French revolution, and wars in Eu- 
rope, which involved this country into parties, and, by in- 
creasing the demand for the articles of living, operated un- 
favourably upon all, who depended upon a small stipend 
for maintenance. The nobleness of mind with which he 
sustained the embarrassment, may be seen from the follow- 
ing transaction. In April 1780, the Parish "voted to 
raise <£1940 to pay the deficiency of Rev. Mr Symmes's 
salary since the depreciation of paper money, which is 
esteemed with the money already given him, equal to the 
<£80 contracted, to the commencement of the present year 
of his ministry." — "The Rev. W. Symmes gives his thanks 
to the parish for their generous vote, and relinquishes one 
thousand dollars of the c£l940." 

During his ministry, there was harmony in the church, 
his people were remarkably united ; in his large parish, 
there were no sectaries. His parishioners speak of him 
with great respect, and they who were most capable of ap- 
preciating his talents and acquirements, held him in high 
estimation. Harmony and good fellowship were maintain- 
ed between him and Mr. French of the south parish ; they 
regulary exchanged labors the sabbath after the annual fast 
and thanksgiving, and occasionally at other times, and 
kept up a monthly lecture alternately in each parish, each 
supplying the other's pulpit. 

Dr. Symmes was a good scholar, of extensive reading, 
and an able divine. He devoted himself exclusively to 
his profession, and was occupied through life in theological 
pursuits. His sermons were full of appropriate thoughts, 
and were written with great care and in a style remarkably 
neat, perspicuous and correct. His preaching was plain 
and practical. Subjects of controversy were not often 



104 HISTORY OP ANDOVER". 

brought into the pulpit, or treated in a controversial man- 
ner. He did not, however, omit to notice the prevailing 
errors of the timr-s. His discourses were not delivered with 
such ease and fluency, as to charm and captivate the great 
mass of hearers ; but they were highly valued by men of 
cultivated minds. In opinions he accorded rather with 
Arminius, than with Calvin; and with Arius rather than 
Athanasius. His passions were irritable, and sensibility 
quick; but the habit of self command was seldom violated. 
Many trials and afflictions were his lot in life, which 
were borne with christian fortitude and resi'-^nation. lie 
was modest and diffi lent, and, it is said, could never di- 
vest himself of feelinc^s in the discharge of public duty^ 
which often embarrass young men, when entering on the 
public duties of the sacred profession. He was a strict ob- 
server of order and propriety. He was about the middle 
size, somewhat corpulent ; when dressed, he wore a white 
bush wig, which was tlie fashion of clergymen and other 
gentlemen who entered business before 1760. His man- 
ners were dignified, but easy ; He was hospitable and be- 
nevolent, and, by his urbanity, rendered himself agreeable 
to strangers and others. He was distinguished for his pru- 
dence, his sound moral principles, his unshaken integrity 
and irreproachable conduct. He received a D. D. from his 
Alma Mater. It is a matter of regret, that he gave a strict 
injunction, that his manuscripts should be burned immedi- 
ately after his death, which injunction was strictly compli- 
ed with. No man in the tov^^n was probably so well ac- 
quainted with the history of its settlement, and of the 
early settlers, and of various occurrences. 

Dr. Symmes's printed publications were, a Lecture on 
Psalmody, A Thanksgiving" sermon, 1768, Sermon at the 
General Election, ) 785. He preached the Dudleian Lec- 
ture, 178G, wiiich was not published. 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 105 

He married, in 1759, Anna, daughter of Rev. Joshua 
Gee of Boston; she died June 18,1772. They had five 
sons and four daughters, all of whom, except Daniel and 
Mrs. Cazeneau, died before him. 

William, a counsellor at law, died at Portland Jan. 1897, 
in the 46th year of his age, not having been married. Dan- 
iel, born Oct. 1761, went to the southward ; Joshua Gee, a 
physician, died at sea. 

Elizabeth died Aug. 1784, aged 19 years. Theodore, a. 
physician, settled in Falmouth, died in New Gloucester. 

Anna married Mr. Isaac Cazeneau, and lives in Ando- 
ver. Converse died young. Lydia and Charlotte were 
twins, and died in infancy, Dec. 30, 1771. 

His second wife was Miss Susannah Powell, who died 
July 1807, aged 79. 

Rev. Samuel Phillips, the first minister of the South 
Parish, was son of Samuel Phillips, Salem, born March 23, 
1658, and died, Oct. 13, 1722, a goldsmith, who was the 
son of Rev. Samuel Phillips, minister of Rowley, and grand- 
son of Rev. George Phillips, who came to New England in 
1630, and was the first minister of Watertown. His moth- 
er was Mary, daughter of Rev. John Emerson of Glouces- 
ter ; he was born Feb. 17, 1090, O. S ; began to preach in 
Andover, South Parish, April 1710, and was ordained Oct. 
17, 1711. Rev. Thomas Barnard, Andover, Rev. E. Pay- 
son, Rowley, Rev. Joseph Green, Salem Village, and Rev. 
Thomas Symmes, Bradford, officiated on the occasion. He 
died June 5, 1771, in the 82d year of his age, and the 62d 
of his ministry. 

Mr. Phillips was endued with good powers of mind, and 
was a diligent, faithful and useful minister. He early ac- 
quired the habit of order, industry, and economy in the 
management of all his aflfairs, by which he was enabled to 
accomplish much and obtain his object. Though he sa- 



106 



HISTORY OF ANDOVFR. 



credly devoted a tenth of his income to pious and charitable 
purposes, and his salary was small, yet he educated his fam- 
ily liberally and accumulated a large estate. In his Ov>in- 
ions, he was a Calvinist of the old school. As a preaclier, 
he was highly respectable, was zealous, and endeavoured 
not only to indoctrinate his people in sentiments which he 
deemed correct and important, but to lead them to the 
practice of all christian duties. Being strongly attached to 
his views of Christianity, he exerted himself to defend and 
propagate them, both by preaching and writing, and to 
guard his people against opinions contrary to them. His 
anxiety on this subject may be easily seen in some of his 
last publications. His labours in the pulpit were protracted 
beyond what is usuul at the present day. His hour glass 
was turned at the commencement of his sermon, and the 
last sands ran out before its conclusion. It was his prac- 
tice to call at every house in his parish at least once in a 
year, and he often carried Madam with him in these paro- 
chial visits. They usually rode together on the same horse, 
according to the fashion of the times. He had much in- 
fluence in persuading parents to attend to parental duties 
and household worship. The people, during his ministry, 
were remarkably united, and his parish was free from sec- 
taries. Though a man of considerable humour, yet there 
was an apparent sternness, which caused undue fear in ma- 
ny of his people, and especially in the young. Constant in- 
timacy and friendship were maintained with the ministers 
of the North Parish; and many pleasant anecdotes of him 
and the younger Barnard are remembered and often repeat- 
ed. A monthly lecture in the town, preached alternately 
in each parish, was commenced in their ministry, which 
was continued more than sixty years. Mr. Pijillips was 
highly respected by his brethren in the ministry, and was 
frequently invited to preach on pubiic occasions. His pub- 



ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 107 

lications are uunierous ; a catalogue of soine, probably not 
all of which, follows : 

A Word in Season, or duty of a people to take the oath 
of allegiance to a glorious God, 1727. 
Aiivice to a child, 1729. 

The Orthodox Christian ; or, a child well instructed. 
A preface to Rev. J. i,arnard's funeral sermon of Mr. 
Abiel Abbot, I7;39. 
Artillery Election sermon, 1741. 

Sermon at the General Election, 1750. 
Convention Sermon, 1753. 
Sermon after the great earthquake, 1755. 
Sermon at the ordination of Rev. N. Holt, 1759. 
Sermon at the Instalment of Rev. S. Chandler, 1759. 
Sermon on the living water to be had for asking. 
Sermon on Suicide, after the death of David Gray, 1767. 
Sermon on the f-inner'p refusal to come to Christ exam- 
ined. 

Sermon on the necessity of God's drawing, in order to 
men's coming to Christ. 

Serious Address to young people, in a Dialogue. 
History of the Saviour. 

Seasonable Advice to a Neighbour, in a Dialogue, 1761. 
A Sermon to Young People, 1763. 
A Discourse on Justification, delivered in Boston, 1766. 
Mr. Phillips married Miss Hannah White, Haverhill, 
Jan. 7, 1712. She died Jan. 11, 1773, in the 82d year of 
her age. Their children were Mary, born 11th Dec. 1712, 
N. S.; died 5th Dec. 1737 ; married to J. Appleton, Haver- 
hill. Samuel, born Feb. 24, I7I5, Grad. H. U. 1734; died 
Aug. 21, 1790, Andover. Lydia, born June 21, 1717; died 
15th Nov. 1749 ; married Dr. Parker Clark. John, born 
Jan. 7th 1720. Grad. H. U. 1735; died Aug. 21, 1795, 
Exeter. William, born July 6, 1722 ; died Jan. 1804, mer- 



108 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

chant, Boston. His apprenticeship was with Mr. E. Broom- 
field, an eminent merchant in Boston. In business, he was 
active, exact, enterprising and successful, and became one of 
the most opulent merchants in the United States. In various 
municipal offices, he was faithful and useful. He zealous- 
ly opposed the oppressive measures of the British govern- 
ment, and was one of the committee to demand of Gov. 
Hutchinson, that the tea should be sent back to England. 
At the commencement of the revolution, he was rejected 
as a counsellor by Gov. Gage. He was a member of the 
Convention for forming the Constitution of the Common- 
weahh, and of that for ratifying the constitution of the 
United States, and contributed by his practical observations 
to its adoption. He was frequently a useful member of the 
legislature in the House and Senate. For many years, he 
was a deacon in the Old South Church, Boston, and was 
esteemed a pious, benevolent, and upright man. 

In 1744, he married Miss Abigail Broomfield. Their 
son William, was often a member of the legislature and 
Lt. Gov. a number of years, and was distinguished for his 
very liberal donations to pious and benevolent institutions, 
and for the encouragement of learning. He died May 
1827, aged 77. Abigail was married to Josiah Quincy, jr. 
an eloquent lawyer and distinguished patriot ; whose son is 
Hon. Josiah Quincy, Mayor of the city of Boston. Hannah 
married Mr. Samuel Shaw. Sarah married Mr. Edward 
Dowse of Dedham.* 

Rev. Jonathan French, the second minister of the 
South parish, youngest son of Deacon Moses and Mrs. Es- 
ther French of Braintree, was born Jan. 30, 1740. He 
enlisted a private soldier in 1757, and in March repaired 
to Fort Edward. In August following, he was seized with 
the small pox, and after his recovery, with fever and agu e, 

* See Mr. Wisner's Sermon on the death of Lt. Gov. Phillips. 



REV. JONATHAN FRENCH. 109 

and being unable to do duty, he returned home in October. 
Soon after his return, he was stationed at Castle William, 
as a seargent. In the absence of his superior officers, 
which was frequent, the care of the garrison devolved on 
hiui ; he had also charge of the sutler's store. 

While at Castle William, he was honored with the ac- 
quaintance of many repectable and literary friends in Bos- 
ton and vicinity. Having a fondness for books, he improv- 
ed his leisure time in reading ; devoting his attention chief- 
ly to the study of surgery and physic. Under the direc- 
tion of the surgeon of the garrison, and by the friendly aid 
of Drs. Whitworth and Jeffries, he made considerable pro- 
ficiency, and had so much the confidence of the faculty, 
that the medicines and the sick were frequently intrusted 
to his care. He was resolute, punctual, and faithful; and 
these traits of character were continued through life. 

Though advised by the physicians named above to pur- 
sue his medical studies, and promised aid in his establish- 
ment in Boston, yet encouraged by a number of litera- 
ry friends, he resolved to obtain a collegiate education, 
Messrs. Davis and Phillips directed him in his studies, and 
several gentlemen, particularly, Mr. Barnard, son of tho 
governor, furnished him with books. He continued at 
Castle William, discharging the duties of his station, till 
ready to commence his residence at college. On the last 
day of his service at the garrison, he waited on the Gover- 
nor and other company, as commanding officer of the day, 
gave up his commission, presented his sword to his succes- 
sor, repaired to Harvard University, became subject to au- 
thority, and, in the evening, rung the bell as butler's fresh- 
man. He possessed in uncommon degree, the confidence 
and friendship of his instructers and fellow students, and 
was active in associations for improvement. He was grad- 
uated in 1771, and continued at college in the study of 
theology. 

10 



110 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

After preaching some time in Andover S. P., he was 
invited unanimously to settle in the ministry, and was or- 
dained 22d Sept. 1772. 

He devoted himself to the duties of his station, which 
he discharged, both in public and in private, with assiduity 
and success. His discourses were plain, practical, and un- 
adorned. His voice was pleasant, strong and piercing ; 
his delivery was animated, and often pathetic ; his manner 
was serious and solemn. He was a popular preacher. 

He was serviceable to his people as a physician ; but 
his attentions in this respect, with the medicines, were 
gratuitous. 

He was a friend to liberty and his country, and did 
much to encourage the people in the revolutionary war. 
On hearing of the battle of Bunker Hill, he immediately 
took his gun and surgical instruments and repaired to the 
army, and was in season to assist in dressing the wounded. 
He always considered it his duty to use his privilege in 
voting for the officers of the State and general government. 

His temper and sensibilities were quick and keen, but 
he had them under control. He had a facility of impart- 
ing instruction and consolation to the afflicted, and of in- 
structing and impressing the minds of the young in his 
visits to the schools, and in his catechetical lectures. 

He was hospitable, cheerful, and benevolent, was be- 
loved and esteemed by his parishioners and a large circle 
of acquaintance. 

He was an active and useful Trustee. of Phillips Aca- 
demy, was greatly desirous of promoting good learning and 
morals, and assisted gratuitously by his books and instruc- 
tions, many young gentlemen in their preparation for the 
ministry. 

Being well acquainted with human nature, his advice 
and assistance in composing difficulties were frequently 



REV. JONATHAN FRENCH. Ill 

sought and highly valued. During his ministry, he was 
invited to attend seventy eight ecclesiastical councils for 
ordinations and other purposes. 

His religious opinions were in most points Calvinistic ; 
but he was candid and catholic in his feelings and conduct, 
and held good fellowship with his brethren of widely dif- 
ferent sentiments. 

He died suddenly of a paralytic affection, July 28,1809, 
in the 70th year of his age, and 37th of his ministry. Rev. 
Mr. Stone of Reading preached at his funeral from John 
14: 28. 

His publications were — Sermon against Extortion, 1777; 
at the ordination of Rev. D. Oliver, Beverly, 1787; at 
the ordination of Rev. Abiel Abbot, Haverhill, 1795; at the 
General Election, May 25,1796; at the Anniversary Thanks- 
giving, Nov. 29, 1798 ; at the ordination of Rev. J. Kendall, 
Plymouth, 1800 ; at the ordination of his son. Rev. Jona. 
French, North Hampton, N. H. 1801 ; at Evening Lecture, 
Portsmouth, 1805; Charge at the ordination of Rev. E. 
Pearson, ll. d. Sept. 12, 1808. 

Mr. French was married, Aug. 26, 1778, to Miss Abi- 
gail Richards. She died Aug. 1821, aged 79. — His chil- 
dren were Abigail, born 29th May 1776; wife of Rev. S. 
Stearns, Bedford. Jonathan, born 16th Aug. 1778; min- 
ister of North Hampton, N. H. Mary-Holyoke, born Aug. 
1781; wife of Rev. Mr. Sperry, Wenham.* 

The first seven ministers of Andover attained nearly the 
average age of 73 years. The first minister left Andover, 
1647. The average time of the ministry of the other six 
was about 44 years. An unusual length of life and of min- 
istry. 

* Sec Rev. Mr. AJden's iMemoir of Rev. Mr. French. 



CHAP. VI. 

EDUCATION-SCHOOLS-- AC ADEMIES-- 
INSTITUTIOJV. 

The early settlers of New England well understood the 
importance of knowledge and « ducation. Many of the fa- 
thers of Massachusetts were well educated, and they exert- 
ed themselves to found a college, and to encourage schools 
to the utmost of their ability. The great mass of settlers, 
engaged in providing themselves and families with food and 
dwellings, could not be expected to do much in their plan- 
tations besides supporting the gospel and maintaining relig- 
ious and moral instruction. 

The Legislature, in 1647, considering the great impor- 
tance of a general diffusion of knowledge, made provision 
for free schools, by ordering that every township of fifty fam- 
lies shall provide a school, in which children may be taught 
to read and write ; and that every town of a hundred fami- 
lies shall maintain a grammar school, in which youth may 
be prepared for college ; to which another law was added, 
in J 688, providing that every township, of more than five 
hundred families, should maintain two grammar schools and 
two writing schools ; a burthen, which, considering the 
feeble means of the colony, and the dark period when it 
was assumed, was no doubt vastly greater, than any similar 
burthen that has been borne since ; and when compared 
with the present wealth of the State, greater than any one 
of its civil expenses. It is a singular fact too, that no legal 
requisitions made since, have, even in name and form, come 



EDUCATION SCHOOLS. 113 

up to this noble standard established by our poor and suf- 
fering forefathers in the middle of the I7th century.* 

In 1701, it was voted, that a convenient school house be 
erected at the parting of the ways, by Joseph Wilson's, to 
be 20 feet long and 16 feet wide ; and the selectmen were 
directed to employ a grammar school master from year to 
year. Soon after the division of the town, the grammar 
school was kept alternately in each parish. In 1714 a 
school house was built by the South parish, 22 feet by 16, 
and 6 feet stud. 

Schools for small children were maintained by subscrip 
tion in various parts of the town, and kept by females. 

For many years after the grammar school was support- 
ed, it does not appear that other schools were provided for 
by assessing the town. 

In 1753, £2o wore raised for reading and writing. In 
1755, £45 for the grammar, and c£o5 for other schools. 
In 1757, .£35 for grammar and of 15 for other schools. In 
17.58, six schools were voted for the outskirts, 1^ miles 
from the centre; and £3o for grammar, and £\0 for oth- 
er schools, — and the same sums for the year following. 
From 1760 to 1771, £40 for grammar and £15 for other 
schools. From 1771 to 1777, £40 for grammar and ^25 for 
other schools. From 1783, to 1785, £80 were raised for 
schools. The maintaining of the grammar school has been 
neglected from this period to the present time. From 1786 
to 1790, £90 were raised for schools; 1791-4, £100; 1795, 
£120 ; 1796-7, £200. In 1795, the town was divided in- 
to twelve districts for schools, and the money raised was 
proportioned to each district according to the number of 
fanhli.s. There were at that time 401 families in the 
town. From 1798 to 1805, the sum raised was $800.— 

* Morth American Review, No. 45, p. 453. 

10* 



114 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

1806 to 1819, $1200.-1820 to 1825, $1300. About two 
thirds of the money are appropriated for winter schools 
taught by masters, and one third for summer schools taught 
by females. 

The late law of the Commonwealth will tend much to the 
improvement of schools, by increasing the qualifications of 
instructers, by producing a uniformity of the most suitable 
school books, and by encouragement given to instructers 
and schools, by regular visits and reports of the schools. 

PHILLIPS ACADEMY. 

Phillips Academy was founded, April 21, 1778, by Hon. 

Samuel Phillips, Andover, and Hon. John i*hillips, Exeter, 

sons of Rev. Samuel Phillips. 

The property originally transferred to twelve Trustees 

by the founders, consisted of 141 acres of land with the 

buildings upon it, in Andover, and 200 acres in Jaffrey, N. 

H., and ^1614, or $5,380; the income from the lands 
and money was to be forever appropriated and expended 
for the support of a public free school, or Academy, in the 
South Parish of Andover. 

The first object of this institution is declared to be the 
promotion of true piety and virtue; the 2d, instruction in 
the English, Eatin, and Greek languages, together with 
writing, arithmetic, music, and the art of speaking ; the 
3d, practical geometry, logic, and geography ; and the 4th, 
such other of the liberal arts and sciences, or langua'res, 
as opportunity and ability may hereafter admit and the 
Trustees shall direct. 

The constitution of this academy was formed by Hon. 
Samuel Phillips jr. when only 21 years of age. By his so- 
licitations, his fiither and uncle bestowed the larire sums, 
by which both academies, at Andover and Exeter were so 



PHILLIPS ACADEMY. 1 l5 

liberally endowed. Of this property he was the natural and 
presumptive heir. 

April 28, 1778, was the first meeting of the Trustees, 
and the board was organized. At this time Mr. Eliphalet 
Pearson was appointed Instructer by the founders. The 
school was opened April 30, I77H, under the instruction and 
government of Mr. Pearson and Joseph Mottey assistant. 

An act of incorporation was obtained, Oct. 4th, 1780. 
In the first building there were accommodations for sixty 
etudents. 

January 30th, 1786, a new building, erected by Hon. 
S. Phillips and his two brothers, John of Exeter, and 
William of Boston, was occupied. One room below was 
appropriated for a school-room, containing seats and boxes 
for 100 pupils. Two other rooms were for library, muse- 
um, recitations. The upper story was a spacious hall for 
speaking and exhibitions. This building was consumed by 
fire, Jan. 1818. The books were principally preserved. 

An elegant brick building 80 feet long and 40 feet 
wide, two stories, was erected the following season. 

In 1789, lion. John Phillips gave this Seminary the 
further sum of 820,000 for the virtuous and pious educa- 
tion of youths of genius and serious dispositions. In his last 
will also, he bequeathed one third part of all the estate of 
which he died possessed, for the benefit, more especially of 
charity scholars, such as may be of excelling genius and 
good moral character ; and for the assistance of youths lib- 
erally educated, and desi-rned for the ministry. To tliis 
last fund, the Hon. William Phillips of Boston bequeathed 
$4,000, for the same pious design. 

The late Lieut. Gov. William Phillips left a legacy of 
$1"»,000 to this Academy, which has been appro})ria- 
ted for the support of an Eiiijlish High School ; and of 
.$10,000 to the Theological Institution. 



lie HISTORY OF ANDO\ ER. 

This is one of the earliest, and best endowed, institu- 
tions of the kind in this country. It has been conducted 
according to the design of the noble founders, and has 
been eminently useful to the public. The cause of litera- 
ture and virtue has been greatly assisted and promoted by 
this Seminary; and the community will ever have reason 
to honor the memory of the liberal founders. 

The Academy has always been provided with one prin- 
cipal and one assistant instructer, and others have been 
employed, whenever the circumstances of the school re- 
quired. 

TRUSTEES OF PHILLIPS ACADEMY. 

Accessus. Exit. vel. ex. nff. deces. 

1778 * Hon. Samuel Phillips a. m. 1791 

* Hon. John Phillips ll. d. 1795 

* Hon. William Phillips 1802 

* Hon. Oliver Wendell a. m. 1818 

* Hon. John Lowell ll. d. 1802 

* Rev. Josiah Stearns a. m. 1781 

* Rev. Ellas Smith a. m. 1793 

* Rev. William Symmes d. d. 1795 

* Rev. Jonathan French a. m. 1809 

* Hon. Samuel Phillips ll. d. 1802 

* Rev. Eliphalet Pearson ll. d. 1826 

* Mr. Nehemiah Abbot 1808 



1781 * Rev. David Tappan d. d. 1803 

1786 * Ebenezer Pemberton ll. d. ex off. 1793 

1791 * Hon. William Phillips 1827 

1795 * Samuel Abbot Esq. 1808 

1795 Mark Newman a. m. 

1795 * Rev. Jedidiah Morse D. D. 1826 

1795 * Hon. Jacob Abbot 1801 

1801 * Hon. John Phillips a. m. (Andover) 1820 

1802 * Hon. John Phillips a. m. (Bosion) 1823 
1802 Hon. Josiah Quincy ll. d. 1828 



PHILLIPS ACADEMY. J 17 

1802 Samuel Farrar a. m. 

1804 Rev. Daniel Dana d. d. 

1809 Rev. Abiel Holmes d. d. ll. d. 

1810 John Adams a. m. ct. off, 
18 U. Samuel H. Walley Esq. 
18-20 Hon. Jonathan Phillips a. m. 
18*20 Rev. Justin Edwards d. d. 
1823 Hon. Samuel Hubbard ll. d. 
1828 Rev. John H. Church d. d. 

1826 Rev. Benjamin B. Wisner n. d. 

1827 Hon. William B. Banister a. m. 

Principal Inst meters, 

1778 * Rev. Eliphalet Pearson ll. d. 1786 

1786 Ebenezer Pemberton ll. d. 1793 

1795 Mark Newman a. m. 1809 
1810 John Adams a. m. 

Rev. Eliphalet Pearson ll. d. was born in Byefield, 
Newbury, June 1752, grad. H. U. 1773 ; studied Theology 
and became a preacher. He resided in Andover at the 
commencement of hostilities in 1775, taught the grammar 
school, and was the first to collect and prepare saltpetre from 
earth taken from under the floors of barns and other build- 
ings, for the use of the powder mill just built by S. Phil- 
lips jr. Esq. He was appointed the first instructer of Phil- 
lips Academy. Under his direction it was organized and 
obtained a high reputation. He was an active and useful 
Trustee from its foundation to his death. In 1786, he was 
elected professor of Hebrew and other oriental languages 
and of the English language in Harvard University. The du- 
ties of this station were discharged with ability and great use- 
fulness, during twenty years, the last six of which he was a 
Fellow of the College, and exerted himself to promote its in- 
terest and improvement. In 1800 he resigned his connexion 
with the University, and soon after removed to Andover. 
Here he was soon enoraged in organizinej the Theological 



118 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Institution, and was active and persevering in uniting tlie 
Associate founders with those of Andover, who were project- 
ing a similar Institution at Newbury. This object was ef- 
fected chiefly by his efforts, and has contributed very much 
to the enlargement and usefulness of the Seminary. At its 
organization in 1808, he was inducted into the office of As- 
sociate Professor of sacred literature, to tlie duties of which 
he faithfully applied himself. In 1809, he resigned his 
professorship, and continued to reside in Andover, exerting 
his influence in favour of the Academy and Institution. 
On the death of E. Bromfield Esq. in 1820, he removed 
to Harvard. Soon after his removal to this place, he 
became infirm. He died at Greenland, N. H. while on a 
visit to his daughter, Mrs. Abbot, Sept. 12, 1826, aged 74. 
He was honored with L L. D. from Yale and New Jersey 
Colleges ; was early associated with the American Academy 
and with the Historical Society, and was an active member 
of other societies for benevolent, moral and religious pur- 
ses. 
His life was spent in literary pursuits and in promoting 
literary and benevolent institutions. He maintained a 
good reputation as a scholar among his contemporaries ; 
and did much as an instructer to promote good taste and 
■W^ correct literature, and to raise higher the standard of edu- 
''-^-Cation and classic learning. Much ought to be attributed 
^p him as an instructer in advancing the cause of educa- 
tion by urging a more thorough and accurate preparation 
for college, and by greater attention to the elementary 
parts of knowledge and laying a good foundation for con- 
tinued improvement. As an instructer he excelled in ac- 
curacy, thorough instruction, in preserving order, in form- 
ing his pupils to habits of diligence, punctuality, sincerity, 
and attention to their moral conduct. He was particularly 
attentive in forminsf their manners and their minds to the 



THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION. 119 

love and practice of piety and virtue. He pursued with 
great ardor and perseverance whatever he undertook. 

Dr. Pearson published a lecture after the death of Pres- 
ident Willard ; a sermon before the Society for promoting 
christian knowledge ; a sermon at the funeral of Madam 
Phillips; a sermon at the ordination of Rev. E. Abbot 
at Greenland, N. H. &c. 

He married Miss Priscilla, daughter of President Hol- 
yoke, who died leaving one daughter, Mary Holyoke, now 
wife of Rev. Ephraim Abbot. He married for a second 
wife Miss Sarah, daughter of E. Bromfield Esq. by whom 
he left two sons and one daughter ; Margaret, wife of Rev. 
I. H. T. Blanchard ; Edward, on the estate at Harvard ; 
Henry-Bromfield, attorney at law, Philadelphia. 

It is much regretted, that a memoir of Dr. Pearson has 
not been given to the public. 

THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION. 

In conformity with the design of Hon. John Phillips 
and Hon. William Phillips in their donations for assisting 
students of Divinity, the Trustees of Phillips Academy, in 
June 1807, obtained liberty from the Legislature of Mas- 
sachusetts, to receive and hold donations for the purpose 
of a Theological Institution, intended to furnish a profes- 
sional education, to youths destined for the christian min- 
istry. In consequence of an act of the Legislature, Mrs. 
Phebe Phillips, relict, and Hon. John Phillips, son of the 
late Lieut. Gov. Samuel Phillips, obligated themselves, the 
following August, to erect, with all convenient despatch, two 
buildings ; one for the accommodation of students, the 
other for the steward. 

At the same time and by the same instrument, Sam- 
uel Abbot E.«q. of Andover gave to the trustees 20,000 
dollars, as a fund for the purpose of maintaining a professor 



120 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

of Christian Theology, and for the support and encourage* 
ment of students in Divinity. These donations are to be 
forever appropriated and applied by the Trustees for the 
use and endowment of a Theological Institution in Phil- 
lips Academy, described by the Donors, and regulated by 
their statutes. 

On the 21st March, 1808, Moses Brown Esq. and Hon. 
William Bartlet, both of Neburyport, gave, the former 
$10,000, and the latter $30,000, and Hon. John Norris, 
$10,000 for the purpose of supporting two professors in the 
Theological Institution ; and also, for the maintenance of 
such students in Divinity, as should be proper candidates 
for gratuitous support. 

A board of three Visitors was unitedly appointed by 
the original and associate founders of the Theological In- 
stitution, for the purpose of seeing their intentions execut- 
ed. This board elects its own successors. 

As qualifications for admission into the Institution, the 
Constitution requires a liberal education, and testimonials 
of a good character and talents. The course of education 
is completed in three years ; and accordingly, the students 
are divided into three classes, Junior, Middle, and Senior. 
Tuition is free of expense to all, and the charity funds 
give entire support to such as are indigent. 

The Institution was opened in October 1808 for the 
reception of students, and thirty six received instruction 
the first year. 

The Library contains about 6,000 or 7,000 volumes, 
selected with particular reference to the use of the Theo- 
logical Institution. 

There are four Professors, one of Sacred Literature, one 
of Christian Theology, one of Sacred Rhetoric, and one 
of Ecclesiastical History. Public instruction is given in 
these and other branches of Theology, and courses of lec- 
tures to the classes separately by each of the Professors. 



THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION. 121 

A public examination is held on the fourth Wednesday 
of September. There are two vacations of 5 weeks each, 
one commencing after the examination, and the other on 
the last Wednesday in April. 

Public worship on the Sabbath was attended by the 
Academy and Institution in the meeting house in the 
South parish with the congregation till 1816, when a 
church was organized, and public worship has since been 
performed in the chapel of the Institution. 

On the 20th Aug. 1816, the following Creed and Cove- 
nant were approved by the Trustees as the Creed and 
Covenant of the Church in the Institution. 

" We believe in the existence of one true God, Father, 
Son, and Holy Ghost ; that the Scriptures of the Old and 
New Testament were given by divine inspiration, and con- 
tain the only perfect rule of faith and practice ; in the fall 
of man, and in his entire moral depravity ; the necessi- 
ty of an atonement, and of our being renewed in the spirit 
of our minds; the doctrines of repentance toward God, and 
of faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ; of sanctification by 
the Holy Spirit, of justification by the free grace of God, 
through the redemption, that is in Jesus Christ ; in the 
doctrine of a general resurrection and future judgment, 
in the everlasting blessedness of the righteous, and the 
endless punishment of the finally impenitent ; and gener- 
ally, in the principles of religion contained in the Assem- 
bly's Shorter Catechism. 

*' Acknowledging our infinite obligations to be the 
Lord's, we desire, in sincerity of heart, and with a deep 
sense of our un worthiness, to lay hold on his holy and ever- 
lasting covenant. 

" We give up ourselves to God the Father, as our God, 
our Father, and our eternal portion. 

" We give up ourselves to the blessed Jesus, the Ra- 
il 



122 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

deemer and Head of the Church, as our Prophet, Priest, 
and King; and rely upon him alone for salvation. 

** We give up ourselves to the Holy Spirit, and rely up- 
on him for sanctification, guidance, and comfort. 

"Depending on divine grace for assistance, we hereby 
solemnly and unitedly bind ourselves to glorify God by a 
faithful discharge of the duties of sobriety, righteousness, 
and godliness, and by a diligent observance of all his com- 
mandments and ordinances. We particularly engage to 
walk together as a Church of Christ, faithfully attending 
the public worship of God, the sacraments of the New Tes- 
tament, the discipline of his kingdom, and all his sacred 
institutions, in connexion with one another, and watchful- 
ly avoiding whatever is contrary to purity, peace, and love, 
as becomes the followers of the meek and lowly Jesus. 

" All this we do, flying to the blood of the everlasting 
covenant for the pardon of our sins, and beseeching the 
glorious God to prepare and strengthen us for every good 
work to do his will, working in us that, which is well pleas- 
ing in his sight, through Jesus Christ ; to whom be glory, 
dominion, and praise forever and ever. Amen." 

Besides public worship on the Sabbath, and morning 
and evening prayers in the chapel, the professors and stu- 
dents have other religious exercises among themselves. 
There are several societies, also, among the students, for 
promoting improvement in various ways. 

The Theological Institution has a pleasant, healthy and 
elevated situation, which commands a handsome and ex- 
tensive prospect. The buildings consist of a dwelling 
house for each of the professors ; a steward's house and 
dining hall ; Phillips Hall, of brick, 90 feet by 40, four 
stories, containing 32 rooms for students, built in 1808; 
Bartlet Chapel, an elegant brick building, 94 feet by 40, 
containing a chapel, library and three lecture rooms, built 



THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION. 123 

in 1818; and Bartlet Hall, a very elegant brick building, 
104 feet by 40, containing 32 suits of rooms, completely fur- 
nished, presented by Mr. Bartlet, September 1821. 

Founders of the Institution ; Mrs. Phebe Phillips, her 
son Hon. John Phillips, and Samuel Abbot, Esq. — Asso- 
ciate Founders ; Hon. William Bartlet, Moses Brown, Esq. 
and Hon. John Norris. — Visitors ; * Samuel Abbot Esq. 
Hon. William Bartlet, * Moses Brown Esq. * Hon. John 
Norris, * Samuel Spring, d. d., * Timothy Dwight, d. d., 
George Bliss, ll. d., Calvin Chapin, d. d., * Samuel Wor- 
cester, D. D., Jeremiah Day, d. d., Hon. William Reed. 

PROFESSORS. 

Sacred Literature. 
1808 Rev. Eliphalet Pearson ll. d. 

Associate Professor- Resigned 1809. 

1810 Rev. Moses Stuart a. m. 

Associate Professor. 

Christian Theology. 

1808 Rev. Leonard Woods d. d. 

Abbot Professor. 

Sacred Rhetoric. 

1809 Rev. Edward Dorr Griffin d. d. 

Bartlet Professor. Resigned 1811. 

1812 Rev. Ebenezer Porter d. d. 

Barlet Professor. 

1819 Rev. James Murdock d. d. 

Brown Professor. 

Ecclesiastical History. 
1824 Rev. James Murdock d. d. 

Brown Professor. 



North Parish Free School was incorporated June. 
1801, and took the name of Franklin Academy by act of 
Court in 1803. A convenient building was erected by sub- 
scription, and constant instruction has been given to males 
and females. 



124 HISTORY OF ANBOVER. 

The school has been highly beneficial to the North par- 
ish and to those youth who have enjoyed its advantages. In 
1827 the female department was removed to another build- 
ing and has been conducted with success. The Classical 
School, taught the eight preceding years by Mr. Simeon 
Putnam, has been constantly and deservedly rising in repu- 
tation for thorough instruction and moral discipline. The 
school is enlarged, and Rev. Cyrus Pierce, an experienced 
and faithful teacher, is associated in the charge of it with 
Mr. Putnam. Its reputation is inferior to none, and has 
never been more flourishing than at the present time. 



A list of natives and of sons of residents in Andover, who 
have received a collegiate education. 



"ts" 



1723. *Isaac Abbot, son of Capt. George Abbot, and 
grandson of George Abbot a first settler, was a trader, a 
deacon of the south church 44 years, read the psalm, line by 
line, which was discontinued about the time of his death. 
He was an upright man, useful citizen, and devout chris- 
tian. He died Aug. 9, 1784, in the 86th year of his age, 
leaving one son, dea. Isaac, and two daughters, Mrs. Phe- 
be, wife of Capt. H. Abbot, and Mrs. Sarah, wife of Mr. 
Timothy Abbot, who are still living. 

1737. *Abiel Abbot, son of dea. John A., designed for 
the ministry, was a good scholar, and promising young man. 
He died May 29, 1739, aged 23 years.t 

1784. John Abbot, son of Capt. John Abbot, b.)r»-April 
8, 1759, was Tutor in H. U. five years, Prof, of the Latin and 
Greek languages in Bowdoin College from 1802 to 181(3, 
and is Treasurer and Agent of the College. 

1784. * Samuel Abbot, son of George Abbot Esq. 
merchant, Saco, Me. married a daughter of Col. Thomas 

t See Rev. J. Barnard's funeral sermon. 



LIST OF GRADUATES. '-^^ 

Cutts. He died May 8, 1792, in the 32d year of his age, 
Itavins two sons, who died in early life. 

1787. ^William Lovejoy Abbot, son of Mr. Nehemiah 
Abbot, was a physician in Haverhill. He died, April 1798, 

affed 33 vears. * , , x 

17S8. Benjamin Abbot, L L. D. son of Capt. John Abbot, 
born Sept. 17. 1762. Principal of Phillips Exeter Academy, 
from 1788 to the present time. 

1792. *Abiel Abbot, D. D. son of Capt. John Abbot, 
born Aug. 17, 1770. His father having educated two sons 
was desirous to establish him upon a farm ; but he could 
not be dissuaded from his purpose of obtaining a collegiate 
education. His preparatory studies for College were at Phil- 
lips Academy, under direction of Dr. Pemberton, of whose 
assiduity in promoting the improvement of his pupils he ev- 
er retained a most grateful sense. He passed through his 
collegiate course with high reputation as a scholar, with- 
out stain or censure. One year was spent as Assistant to 
his brother in Exeter Academy; and the greater part of 
the year following the Academy at Andover was under his 
care ; of this he might have been established as principal; 
but he preferred the gospel ministry, for which he had a 
stron- predilection. The time he spent in instruction ren- 
dered^ him more accurate in elementary learning and more 
familiar with the youthful mind, and enabled him to render 
imoortant service to the town schools and to the youth of 
his parish. He began to preach in 1795, and was ordain- 
ed pastor of the first congregational society in Haverhill in 
June of the same year, being the first place at which he 
preached as a candidate. After eight years usefully and 
happily spent with an affectionate people, to whom he was 
extremely endeared, in idcquate support and a growing fam- 
ily rendered it an imperative duty, as it seemed to him, re- 
luctantly to ask a separation from a beloved people. It was 
11* 



126 



HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 



with equal reluctance granted. Application for his servi- 
ces was immediately made by the first parish in Beverly, 
where he was installed Dec. 14, 1803. Here he ministered 
with success, and with little interruption, till the summer of 
1818, when his health was much impaired ; by advice of 
physicians, he spent the winter and spring following in 
S. C, at Charleston and vicinity. He returned by land with 
health much improved. He performed his professional duties 
with much diligence and success, till the autumn of 1827, 
when, by advice of physicians, he sought a milder climate 
for the winter, which was chiefly spent in Cuba. This is- 
land he left with health in good degree restored, and 
preached in Charleston, S. C. the first sabbath in June, 
which he left the next day in good spirits and apparently 
in good health. On Tuesday he was ill, but not dangerous- 
ly so, as was thought by himself and others. On Saturday, 
just as the vessel was coming to anchor near Staten Island, 
N. Y. he expired. He was interred in the cemetery on Sta- 
ten Island. 

Dr. Abbot seems to have been endowed by nature and 
early culture with a singular combination of qualities pe- 
culiarly adapted to the ministry. His was an active well 
balanced mind. His great object was to be useful. For 
this purpose he cultivated his talents and paid attention to 
some things, which would be of smaller consideration, ex- 
cept to render him usefnl. 

His mind was early impressed by parental instruction 
to breathe its devout aspirations to his heavenly Father. 
His youthful piety accompanied him as the guardian of his 
innocence during the period of his education; he was em- 
inently devout through life, and remarkably, beyond most 
of his brethren, gifted in prayer. He was peculiarly hap- 
py in the readiness and pertinency with which he adapted 
his devotions to occasions and emergencies. 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 127 

The discourses and publications of Dr. Abbot bore the 
stamp of a mind imbued with the savour of classical stud- 
ies, familiar with the best models of the English pulpit, en- 
riched by observation and reflection, and fertile in apt and 
beautiful illustrations, — a mind susceptible of deep and 
lively impressions from all that is bright and fair and love- 
ly and magnificent in creation, — a mind, which had found 
treasures untold in the scriptures, and in which dwelt the 
words of Christ richly, whence he drew expressions and im- 
ages, that gave richness and weight to his discourses and 
writings, and often reminded his hearer or reader of Sol- 
omon's similitude of words fitly spoken to apples of gold in 
pictures of silver ; but what is best of all, they evince a 
mind always intent upon doing good, and which loved and 
sought, uttered and enforced truth only as it appeared to 
him to be conducive to goodness. 

Dr. A. was an eloquent man, as well as mighty in the 
scriptures. From the first he took rank with the most pop- 
ular preachers. His manner in the pulpit was singularly 
impressive, grave, natural, solemn ; 

much impressed 
Himself, as conscious of his awful charo^e, 
And mainly anxious, that the flock he fed 
Mig'ht feel it too ; affectionate in look, 
And tender in address, as well becomes 
A messenger of grace to guilty man. 

He exhibited a beautiful union of zeal with prudence ; 
and the love of souls so evidently dictated his admonitions 
and reproofs to the delinquent, that his fidelity and plain- 
ness seldom gave oflfence. In the sick chamber and in the 
house of mourning, he was truly a son of consolation. 

Of his religious sentiments, it is enough to say, that he 
called no man master, that he belonged to no sect, but that 
of good men ; — to no school but that of Jesus Christ, and 
that he was liberal in the best sense of the term. He nev- 



128 HISTORY OP ANDOTER. 

er thought himself called upon to denounce the opinions of 
others, and rarely to obtrude his own upon the controverted 
points of the day. He preached as he thought his Master 
would have him, speaking what, after diligent and prayer- 
ful inquiry, he conceived to be the truth in love. 

His signal love of peace was of inestimable value in a 
minister in these days. No object was dearer to his heart, 
than to bring ministers and the people to feel on this sub- 
ject as he felt. 

There was nothing harsh or repulsive in his creed, or in 
his manners ; one was modelled from the instructions, and 
the other from the character of iiis Master. He deemed it 
no sin against any law of God or the example of his Master, 
to be a gentleman ; not of the school of Chesterfield, as of 
hypocricy, as of deceit, but as of sincerity, as of God, — of 
the school of Paul, who exhorts a minister to be gentle to- 
wards all men, to be courteous, to become, so far as in up- 
rightness he may, all things to all men. [See Dr. Flint's 
fun. Sermon.] 

Dr. Abbot published a number of occasional discour- 
ses and other pieces; and a volume of Discourses to Mar- 
iners. He left a widow, two sons, and five daughters. 

1796. Henry Abbot, son of Capt. Henry Abbot, born 
April 8, 1777, resides in Andover. 

1797. Daniel Abbot, son of Mr. Timothy Abbot, born 
Feb. 25, 1777, a counsellor at law, Dunstable, N. H. a 
representative in the General Court. 

£805. *John Lovejoy Abbot, son of John Lovejoy Ab- 
bot Esq., Librarian in H. U., was settled in the first Church, 
Boston, July 14, 1813. Soon after his ordination, his health 
failed, and he died Oct. 17, 1814, aged 31 years. He was 
a good scholar, acceptable preacher, and promising young 
man. Rev. E. Everett delivered a discourse at his funeral. 

1821. Yale Coll. John Adams, son of Mr. John Ad- 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 129 

ams Principal of Phillips Academy, a candidate for the 

ministry. 

1827. Y. Coll. William Adams, son of Mr. John Ad- 
ams Principal of Phillips Academy. 

1803. Benjamin Ames, son of Mr. Benjamin Ames, 
born Oct. 30, 1778, counsellor at law, Bath, Me. Justice 
of the C. C. P. Speaker of the House of Representatives, 
and President of the Senate of Maine. 

182-2. Charles Otis Barker, son of Hon. Stephen Bar- 
ker, born March 8, 1802, Physician, Dunstable, N. H. 

1709. *John Barnard, son of Rev. Thomas Barnard, 
ordained minister of the N. Parish Andover, April 19, 
1719; died June 14, 1757, in the 68th year of his age, 
and 39th of his ministry. 

1732. *Thomas Barnard, son of Rev. John Barnard, 
was ordained pastor of the second Church, Newbury, Jan. 
1738. In a few years after his settlement, fanatics pro- 
duced considerable excitement among his people, arid in 
the vicinity. He was the object of peculiar dislike, as his 
talents, sound discretion and learning were obstacles to 
their influence and success. The disorders and state of 
the country at that time, may be learned from a letter ad- 
dressed by him to Mr. Joseph Adams, a most zealous and 
eccentric preacher. After much trouble from some of his 
parish, he was at his own request dismissed. 

He moved to that part of the town, now Newburyport, 
studied law, and became a practitioner at the bar, and was 
a representative of the town to the General Court. His 
talents were conspicuous in whatever business he engaged. 
His mind however was more inclined to Theological stud- 
ies, than to the pursuits of civil life ; and his friends were 
persuaded, that he would be more useful and happy in the 
gospel ministry. On the death of Rev. J. Sparhawk, he 
was invited to the first church in Salem, which embraced 



130 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

many men of literature and reputation. They knew how 
to appreciate his talents, acquirements and worth. He 
was installed, Sept. 18, 1755. This very respectable so- 
ciety had reason to be satisfied with the choice they had 
made. 

The manner of his preaching was grave, slow and dis- 
tinct ; but his delivery wanted animation, to give his dis- 
courses a charm, and tender them popular with the mass of 
hearers. His sermons were rational and judicious, replete 
with sound reasoning and pertinent thoughts, but some- 
times wanting perspicuity sufficient for popular assem- 
blies. He was well acquainted with the deistical contro- 
versy, and often introduced the subject into his public dis- 
courses. 

In opinions, he accorded with Arminius rather than 
with Calvin, and was an Arian, somewhat resembling Dr. 
S. Clarke. 

In the last years of his life, he suffered much from par- 
alytfc complaints. His memory failed, and he could only 
read his notes by close attention to the writing. In 1772, 
Mr. Dunbar, a young man of talents, was settled his col- 
league ; but Mr. Barnard continued to preach till a short 
time before his death, which took place Aug. 15, 1776, in 
the 61st year of his age. His friend, the late Dr. Andrew 
Eliot, at the request of the church, preached the funeral 
sermon. He left three sons, John, graduated H. U. 1762, 
merchant, St. Johns, N. Brunswick ; Rev. Thomas Barnard, 
H. U. 1766, D. D. the beloved and respected minister of 
the north church, Salem, who died Oct. 1, 1814, aged 66 
years ; and Benjamin, a merchant in N. Brunswick. 

The publications of Mr. Barnard were, a sermon at the 
ordination of his brother Edward at Haverhill, 1743. A 
Letter to Mr. Joseph Adams. A sermon at the ordination 
of Rev. Mr. Bailey, Hampton Falls, 1757. A sermon before 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 131 

the society for promoting industry, 1757. Artillery Elec- 
tion Sermon, 175S. Sermon at the ordination of Rev. W. 
Whitwell, Marblehead, 17(32. Sermon at the General Elec- 
tion, 1763. Du<lleian Lecture at H. University, 1768. Ser- 
mon at funeral of Rev. Peter Clark, Danvers, 1768. [See 
Dr. Eliot's Biographical Dictionary. '\ 

1736. *Eiiward Barnard, son of Rev. John Barnard, 
was ordained in Haverhill, April 27, 1743. Mr. Barnard 
"Was an excellent scholar, and one of the most learned and 
accomplished preachers of his time. His discourses were 
correct and well composed, and were highly relished by 
scholars and men of taste. He is said to have excelled in 
poetry, as well as prose, but the only piece in print is an 
elogy on the death of Mr. Abiel Abbot, his friend, who 
died in May 1739. The latter part of his ministry was 
disturbed by sectaries, who accused him of not being con- 
verted, and not preaching the gospel. But the greater and 
more respectable part of his flock adhered to him, by whom 
he was greatly beloved and esteemed. He was endued 
with much wisdom, sound discretion and fortitude. His 
sentiments, like many of his highly respectable contempo- 
raries in the county of Essex, were Arminian. His Epitaph 
concisely and truly represents his character. 

'• Beneath are the remains of the Rev. Edward Barnard, 
A. M., Pastor of the first church in this town, who died 
Jan. 26, 1774, in the 54th year of his age, and 31st of his 
ministry. In him were united the good scholar, the great 
divine, and exemplary christian and minister. His under- 
standing was excellent, judgment exact, imagination lively, 
and invention fruitful ; eminently a man of prayer ; as a 
preacher, equalled by few, excelled by none ; indefatigable 
in the discharge of his ministerial duty, and possessing the 
most tender concern for the happiness of those committed 
to his charge. His piety was rational, disposition bener* 



132 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

olent, of approved integrity, consummate prudence, great 
modesty and simplicity of manners. He was a kind hus- 
band, tender parent, faithful friend, and agreeable compan- 
ion. His life was irreproachable, and death greatly la- 
mented by all who knew his worth. Mark the perfect man, 
and behold the upright, for the end of that man is peace. 

" His grateful flock have erected this monument, as a 
testimony of their affection and respect for his memory." 

His son, Edward, H. U. 1774, was an Apothecary in 
Salem, died 14th Dec. 1822, in the 68th year of his age. 

Mr. Barnard's printed discourses are. Sermon on the 
good man, Sermon at the ordination of Rev. G. Merrill, 
Plaistow, 1705. Election Sermon, 1766. Sermon at the ordi- 
nation of Rev. T. Gary, Newburyport, 1773. Convention 
Sermon, 1773. 

Proposals for publishing; a volume of sermons from his 
MSS. were issued in 1774, and a selection was made ; 
but the commencement of the revolutionary war prevented 
the publication. These sermons would have borne a high 
rank among the best compositions of American preachers.* 

1826. Yale Goll. Amos Blanchard, son of Dea. Amos 
Blanchard, student of Divinity. 

1727. * John Blunt, son of William Blunt, ordained the 
third minister of New Gastle, N. H. 20ih December 1732 ; 
died August 7, 1748, in his 42d year. There is a tomb 
stone at New Gastle to his memory, which has a very hand- 
some and appropriate inscription. 

1653. * Samuel Bradstreet, son of Gov. Simon B. was 
fellow of H. U., Representative in the Gen. Gourt in 1670 
— resided in Boston a number of years. 

1660. * Simon Bradstreet, son of Gov. Simon B. went 
from Gharlestown in 1666, to New London, Gonn., and 
was ordained, in 1670. He was respected as a minister, 

* See Dr. Eliot's Biog. Diet, and SaJtonstall's Hist, of Haverhill. 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 133 

and had influence with the generation of his time. He 

died 1688. _ ^, ^ , 

1698. *Dudley Bradstreet, son of Hon. Dudley B. born 
April 1678, taught the grammar school in Andover two or 
three years, and was ordained minister of Groton, I6th June 
1706; afterwards he went to England for episcopal orders, 
and died there soon after. 

1814. John Ingalls Carlton, M. D. son of Mr. Deane 
Carlton, physician in the North Parish, Andover. 

1728. * James Chandler, son of Thomas C.born June 
1706, ordained minister of the second parish Rowley, 18th 
Oct. 1732, died 1788. , 

He published two sermons 1754. Sermon delivered at 
Newburyport 1767. A Letter addressed to Dr. Tucker, 

1767. A letter addressed to a church in Newburyport, 

1768. He preached the convention sermon in 1774, not 

published. . 

1735. * Samuel Chandler, son of Josiah C. was ordain- 
ed pastor of the second church in York, Me. 20th January 
1742; was installed, 13th Nov. 1751, in the first church 
of Gloucester. He died 1775, in his 63d year. He was 
a zealous preacher, and useful minister. He published a 
sermon on the taking of Quebec. 

1743. * John Chandler, son of Thomas C. ordained 
minister of Billerica, Oct. 2 1st, 1747; removed 5th June 
1760 ; died 10th Nov. 1762, in the 40th year of his age. 
1779. * Samuel Chandler, son of David C. 
1807. Joshua Chandler, son of Maj. Abiel C. ordained 
minister of Swanzy, N. H. 1819 ; removed and installed in 
Orange, Dec. 1822. 

1817. Asa Cummings, son ofdea. Asa C, Tutor in 
B. Coll. ordained minister in North Yarmouth, Feb. 1821. 
1800. D. Coll. John Dane, son of Daniel D. ordained 
12 



134 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

minister of Newfield, Me. 15th Feb. 1802 ; dismissed in 
about a year. 

1761. * Jacob Emery, ordained minister of Pembroke, 
N. H. 3d Aug. 1768 ; removed 23d March 1775. 

1761. *John Farnum, son of Capt. John Farnura, mas- 
ter of the Grammar School in Andover several years, a sur- 
veyor, a member of the Convention which formed the Con- 
stitution of the State in 1779. He died 5th Nov. 1822, 
aged 83 years. 

1808. * Timothy Farnum, son of Jedidiah Farnum, 
attorney at law, Monmouth, Me. He died Feb. 1821. 

1744. * Jedidiah Foster, son of Ephraim Foster, estab- 
lished himself as a Lawyer in Brookfield, and married a 
daughter of Gen. Dwight. His talents and integrity gained 
the esteem and confidence of the people, and procured for 
him several offices military and civil. He was Judge of the 
C. C. P. and of Probate, and counsellor previous to the rev- 
olution. In 1776, he was appointed Justice oftheSuperi- 
our Court, in which office he continued till his death. He 
was an active member of the Convention for framing the 
Constitution of the Commonwealth. He engaged with ar- 
dor in defence of the liberty and rights of his country, and 
contributed much by his influence and efforts to their estab- 
lishment. He was early a professor of religion, and adorn- 
ed his profession by a uniformly virtuous and exemplary 
life. He died, 17th Oct. 1779, aged 53 years. 

His sons have been conspicuous in the government of 
the country. Theodore has been member of Congress and 
Senator of the U. States. He died in Providence, Jan. 
1828, aged 76 years. — Dwight, Attorney at Law, Brookfield, 
has been Chief Justice of C. C. P. Sheriff of the county of 
Worcester, Counsellor, Representative in Congress 8 years, 
and Senator of the U. States. He died, 29th April 1823, 
aged 65 years. [See Allen's Biog. Diet, and Dr. Fiske's 
Sermo7i.] 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 



135 



1756. * Abiel Foster, son of Capt. Asa Foster, was or- 
dained minister of Canterbury, N. H. Jan. 1701. After 
his connexion with his people was dissolved in 1779, he 
was employed in public business, was Representative in the 
Gen. Court, President of the Senate of the state. Chief Jus- 
tice of the C. C. P. for Rockingham, was Representative in 
the old Congress, and a member ten years under the present 
Constitution. His integrity, virtue and usefulness secured 
the esteem, confidence and favour of the people of New 
Hampshire, and the respect of numerous friends. He died 
Feb. 1806, in the 71st year of his age. [See Hist. Coll. 
ofN.IL] 

1821. D. Coll. Stephen Foster, son of John Foster, af- 
ter pursuing the usual course of studies in the Theological 
Institution, was ordained a missionary, Oct. 1824, settled at 
Greenville, Tenn. 

1828. D. Coll. Isaac Foster, son of John Foster. 

1784. Nathan Frazier, son of , born 11th 

March 1766, a merchant, Boston, died early in life. 

179S. Jonathan French, son of Rev. Jonathan French, 
born, 16 August 1778, ordained minister of North Hampton 
N. H. 18th Nov. 1801. 

1723. * Jonathan Frye, son of Capt. James Frye, was 
chaplain to Capt. Lovewell's company, which went to Pig- 
waket in search of Indians, in 1725. He was severely 
wounded in the battle of 8th of May, and died in the woods. 
The journal of the march was kept by him, and was lost in 
consequence of his death. The large elm near Mr. John 
Peters' was set out by him. 

1744. *Peter Frye, son of Samuel Frye, born Jan. 1723, 
settled in Salem, was Col. of a regiment, Justice of C. C. P. 
Register of Probate, and an officer of the custom house. 
Soon after the commencement of the revolutionary war, 
he left the country, and spent the remainder of his days 



186 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

near London. He died 1820 in the 98th year of his age. 
He was temperate and regular in his diet, and uniform in 
his exercise. 

1761.* Jonathan Frye, son of Col. James Frye, lived some 
time at Buckport, and was drowned in Penobscot river. 

1821. Enoch Frye, son of Enoch Frye, a teacher of 
school, Boston. 

1822. Nathaniel Gage, son of Nathaniel Gage, tutor in 
Harvard University, ordained minister in Nashua, Dunsta- 
ble, N. H. June 27, 1827. 

1786. *Robert Gray, son of Robert Gray, ordained min- 
ister of Dover, N. H. Feb. 1787; dismissed May 1805; 
died Aug. 1822, aged 61 years. 

1800. Abiel Holbrook, son of Ralph Holbrook, resides 
in Alexandria, Va. 

1739. * Joseph Holt, son of Timothy Holt, taught the 
grammar school at Andover several years, moved to Wilton 
N. H. 1765, was useful in the town ; died Aug. 1789, aged 
72 years. 

1757. *Nathan Holt, son of Nicholas Holt, ordained pas- 
tor of the second church, Danvers, Jan. 3, 1759, where he 
remained a faithful and useful minister till his death, ^ 
Aug. 1, 1792, aged 67 years. 

1767. *Moses Holt, son of Jonathan Holt, after preach- 
ing a short time, settled in business in Portland, where he 
died. 

1790. Peter Holt, son of Joshua Holt, Esq. born June 
12, 1763, ordained minister of Epping, N. H. Feb. 27, 
1793, removed to Exeter, 1821, installed in the Presbyteri- 
an church, Peterborough, March 7, 1827. 

1813. D. C. Jacob Holt, son of Dane Holt, teacher of 
school and preacher in Brookline, N. H. ordained pastor, 
Jan. 30, 1^27. 

1792. Jedidiah Ingalls, son of John Ingalls, a physician 
in Durham, N. H. 



LIST OP GRADUATES. 137 

1814. Samuel Johnson, M. D. M. M. S. S. son of Capt. 
Joshua Johnson, a physician in Salem. 

18*28. D. C. OstTood Johnson, son of Osgood Johnson. 

1795. *John Kittredge, son of Dr. Thomas Kittredge, 
some time a pliysician in Nevvburyport, appointed collector, 
moved to Gloucester, was president of Gloucester Bank ; 
died Aug. 3J, 1822, aged 44 years. 

1806. D. C. Joseph Kittredge, M. M. S. S. son of Dr. 
Thomas Kittredge, a physician in Andover, North Parish. 

1797. "* Samuel Abbot Kneeland, son of John Kneeland 
Esq. resided in Andover, died Sept. 5, 1817, in the 4ist 
year of his age. 

17G0. * Nathaniel Lovejoy, son of Capt. Nathaniel 
Lovejoy, settled in Andover in merchandize, was employed 
in municipal affairs, Justice of peace, and Brigadier General. 
He died July 5, 1812, aged 68 years. 

1801. D. C. Thomas Abbot Merrill, son of dea. Thorn. 
Merrill, Deering, tutor in Dartmouth College, settled in the 
ministry, Middlebury, Vt. 

1816. Samuel Piiillips Newman, son of dea. Mark New- 
man, Professor of the Latin and Greek languages, in Bow- 
doin College, and Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory in the 
same college. 

1825. B. C. Mark IT. Newman, son of dea. Mark New- 
man, bookseller in Andover. 

1737. * Joseph Osgood, M. M. S. S. son of dea. John 
Osgood, spent some time in a counting room, at Glouces- 
ter, went into sea faring business, and became master of a 
vessel. In the Spanish War, he was taken and carried in- 
to Bilboa. Upon being exchanged, he resided several 
months in London. After obtaining funds, he returned 
home, settled in Boston, married, and continued to pursue 
sea faring business. The small pox breaking out in Bos- 
ton, he removed his family to Andover, about 1752, engag- 
12* 



138 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

ed in merchandize, and also sold medicines. Being fre- 
quently called upon to prescribe, he gradually obtained ex- 
tensive practice, and was a respectable physician. He was 
a deacon in the north church more than thirty years, was 
useful in town and parish, of strict integrity and virtue. 
He died .Tan, 11, 1797, aged 78 years. Margaret, his wife, 
died Feb. 16, 1797, aged 76 years. 

His son Joseph, M. M. S. S. was a respectable physi- 
cian in Danvers and Salem. John settled in West Newbu- 
ry, a tanner, representative to the General Court, a deacon, 
respected for his moral worth. George, M. M. S. S. a res- 
pectable physician in Andover. 

1744. *Isaac Osgood, son of Timothy Osgood, born 
Aug. 1724, settled in mercantile business in Haverhill, 
where he died about 1790. 

His sons, Joshua-Bailey, H. U. 1772 ; Isaac, H. U. 
1775 ; William, Peter, apothecary, Haverhill. 

1770. *Samuel Osgood, son of Capt. Peter Osgood, on 
leaving college, commenced the study of theology, with in- 
tention of entering the ministry ; but close application so 
impaired his health and eyes, that he went into mercantile 
business. Soon after the commencement of the revolution- 
ary war, he was chosen a member of the provincial Con- 
gress, and appointed one of the board of war. He was of 
the Convention for framing the state Constitution, in 1779. 
He was repeatedly appointed a representative in the conti- 
nental Congress. When the Treasury of the United States 
was put under the management of three commissioners, he 
was appointed one of them. Each commissioner being re- 
quired to give bonds with sureties in the penal sum of 
$100,000, he hesitated about accepting the office, being un- 
willing to request so great a favour of his friends, as to be- 
come his sureties. Such, however, was the confidence of 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 



139 



the government of Massachusetts, as to become voluntarily 
responsible in his behalf. He continued in this office, till 
the establishment of the present Constiiution of the United 
States. Upon the organization of the Government, he was 
appointed Postmaster General. When the Congress moved 
from the city of New York in 1791, the emoluments of the 
office were not a sufficient inducement for him to remove 
with his family to Philadelphia. After which he held some 
office in the revenue till his death, in 1818, aged 70. 

He was an original member of the American Academy 
of Arts and Sciences. He was respected for his talents and 
services, his urbanity and moral and religious worth. He 
married and settled in the city of New York. He left four chil- 
dren, Martha married to M. Genet, Juliana married Sam- 
uel Osgood, Susan Mr. Field, Walter-Franklin. In 1811 
he published a vol. 8vo. on Theology and Metaphysics. 

1771. *David Osgood, D. D. the son of Capt. Isaac 
Osgood, ordained pastor of the church in Medford, Sept. 
14, 1774 ; died Dec. 12, 1822, aged 75 years. He was 
distinguished from his youth for habits of close application 
and thought. His early life was passed principally in re- 
tirement and in devoted attention to the studies of his pro- 
fession. A fearless honesty, an entire freedom from dis- 
guise, was a striking trait of his mind and heart. He fol- 
lowed with firmness the convictions of his conscience, and 
never shrunk from what he thought his duty. His con- 
versation was often enlivened with innocent hilarity, and 
playful cheerfulness, and intercourse with him was much 

relished. 

His piety was deep and fixed ; free from ostentation 
and noise; his religion was a real power, equally remote 
from the cold indifference of the speculative christian, and 
the fanaticism of the enthusiast. He never wished to 
bring to any human test the attainments of others in piety 



140 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

and holiness ; but if he saw the evidences of their having 
imbibed the spirit of Jesus, and having formed their lives 
according to the gospel, he was satisfied, without the ap- 
plication of the arbitrary standards invented by men. 

His religious opinions were those, which are usually 
denominated moderately orthodox. No part of his relig- 
ious character was more striking, than his freedom from 
every thing that wore the semblance of bigotry, his love 
of free inquiry, and his magnanimous and christian charity 
for those who differed from him. He was in the best sense 
of the words, catholic and liberal. He carried with him 
through life an ardent love of religious liberty, and dreaded 
every approach to ecclesiastical usurpation, or whatever 
might infringe upon the independency of the churches. 

As a theologian and preacher. Dr. Osgood must be al- 
lowed by all to have stood in the first rank. The studies 
connected with the sacred office and duties were ever dear 
to him. His mind was well stored with various reading 
and deep reflection ; and he drew from his own resources 
striking illustrations. His eloquence was fashioned by no 
rules and shaped by no model ; it was all his own — the nat- 
ural overflowing of a soul full of ifs subject. The charac- 
teristics of his preaching were boldness and strength, pow- 
erful statements, heart-searching appeals, elevating descrip- 
tions. 

He published a large number of occasional and other 
sermons, which do credit to him as a writer, and a man of 
powerful mind. A valuable volume of sermons, since his 
decease, has been selected from his MSS. and published. 
— Mrs. Hannah, his wife, died Feb. 1818, aged 70. He 
left one son, David, M. D. a physician in Boston, and two 
daughters. [See Ch. Disriple, Vol. 4. No. 6.] 

1789. Yale Coll. * Jonathan Osgood, M. M. S. S., son 
of Josiah Osgood, ordained first minister of Gardner, Ms. 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 141 

Oct. 19, 1791 ; died June 1822, in the 60th year of his 
age. Soon after his settlement, he began the practice of 
medicine, and was respected by the faculty. 

1804. Joseph Otis Osgood, M. M. S. S. son of Dr. 
George Osgood, a physician in Kensington, N. H. 

1808. D. C. Samuel Osgood, son of Peter Osgood Esq. 
in business New York. 

1814. Peter Osgood, son of Peter Osgood Esq. born 
Feb. 4, 1793, ordained minister of Sterling, Ms. June 30, 
1819. 

1814. Isaac Peabody Osgood, son of Dr. Kendall Os- 
good, Peterborough, attorney at law, Boston. 

1815. Gayton Pickman Osgood, son of Isaac Osgood 
Esq. attorney at law, Andover. 

1818. *Timothy Osgood, son of Capt. Timothy Osgood, 
attorney at law, Canton, Alabama, died Aug. 27, 1823, 
soon after commencing business. 

1813. Gorham Parks, son of Gen. Parks, Counsellor at 
Law, Waldoborough, Me. 

1769. ^Stephen Peabody, son of John Peabody, ordain- 
ed first minister of Atkinson, N. H. Nov. 20, 1772; died 
May 23, 1819, in his 78th year. He was an acceptable 
preacher, esteemed by his people, and a pleasant companion. 
He left one son, Stephen, H. U. 1794, Attorney at Law, 
Atkinson. 

1773. Oliver Peabody, son of Oliver Peabody, born 
Sept. 2, 1752; Counsellor at law, Exeter, Sheriff of Rock^ 
ingham. Justice of C. C. P., President of the Senate, and 
Treasurer of the State of N. H. His sons, twins, Oliver 
William-Bourn P. Counsellor at law, Exeter, and William- 
Bourn-Oliver P. settled in the ministry, Springfield, Mass. 
educated H. U. 1816. 

1803. D. C. Augustus Peabody, son of deacon John 
Peabody, Counsellor at Law, Boston. 



145 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

1816. Henry Bromfield Pearson, son of Dr. Eliphalet 
Pearson, Attorney at Law, Philadelphia. 

1723. ^Andrew Peters, son of Samuel Peters, ordained 
the first minister of Middleton, Oct. 1729 ; died Oct. 6, 
1756, aged 55 years. 

1818. *Henry Adams Peters, son of Joseph Peters, 
teacher of youth, Clarkville, Ten., died in Andover, Aug. 
8,1827, aged 31. 

1734. *Samuel Phillips, son of Rev. Samuel Phillips, 
after teaching the grammar school some time, settled in 
merchandize in the N. Parish, and was successful. He 
was useful in the business of the town and parish, in which 
for many years he took a part. He was frequently a repre- 
sentative in the General Court, was of the Council board in 
the difficult period previous to the revolution, and was a 
stanch whig. For many years, he discharged the duties of a 
magistrate with strict regard to order and the good of Society. 
He was, more than 40 years, deacon of the North Church, 
and was a firm supporter of religious order. Early form- 
ing the habit of exactness and economy in business, he ac- 
quired a large estate. There was a sternness, a precise- 
ness, a frowning on vice and disorder, which did not con- 
tribute to popularity ; but his ascendency and usefulness 
were always maintained. 

Having acquired much wealth, and having but one son, 
who was earnestly desirous of promoting good learning, es- 
pecially the virtuous and pious education of youth, he with 
his brother, John Phillips of Exeter, set apart a generous 
sum for the support of a free school in Andover, which 
went into operation April 1778. 

Mr. Phillips, by founding this Academy, gave an im- 
pulse to the public mind and feeling on the subject of ed- 
ucation. This well directed beneficence will deservedly 
perpetuate his memory to future generations. He died 
Aug. 21, 1790, aged 75 years. 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 143 

He married Elizabeth, daughter of Theodore Barnard, 
and grand daughter of Rev. Thomas Barnard, an excel- 
lent woman. 

They left but one son, Hon. Samuel Phillips ; all their 
other children died young. 

1735. *John Piiiliips, L I.. D., son of Rev. Samuel Phil- 
lips, after teaching the public school at Andover and other 
places, became a preacher and candidate for the ministry. 
Leaving theological pursuits, he settled in Exeter in mer- 
chandize, and also taught a private Latin school. He was an 
elder in the Second church ; and in 1747, was unanimously 
invited to become its pastor. He married Mrs. Sarah Gilman, 
relict of Nathaniel Gilman Esq., and daughter of Rev. Mr. 
Emery of Wells, a virtuous and respectable lady. After 
her decease, he married the relict of Dr. Hale, and daugh- 
ter of Hon. E. Dennet, Portsmouth, who survived him. 
He had no children by either of his wives. By industry, 
economy, and close attention to business, he accumulated 
a large estate. He was Col. of militia, Justice of the C. C. P. 
and one of the Council. He was distinguished for his very 
liberal donations to public and literary institutions. Prince- 
ton college was aided by his munificence, and in D. Coll. 
he founded a professorship of Divinity. He assisted in 
foundmg the Academy at Andover, and conferred on it 
large sums of money. But his most liberal donations were 
reserved for the Academy at Exeter, which was founded 
and endowed by him alone, and was opened for instruction 
in 1783, without charge for tuition, and grew up under his 
eye and by his direction. It is the best endowed Institu- 
tion of the kind, and holds the first rank in the country. 
Many excelknt scholars and eminent men have received 
the elementary part of their education at this seminary. 
He devoted nearly all of his large estate to pious and literary 
uses, and lived to see much good result to the community 



144 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

from his benevolent efforts. He died April 21, 1795, aged 
75 years. 

He was a sagacious observer of human nature, shrewd 
in his remarks, seldom erred in judgment, and had much 
practical wisdom. His Academy has given him a name 
better than of sons and daughters. 

1771. *Samuel Phillips, L L. D. A. A. S., son of Hon. 
Samuel Phillips, was born Feb. 16, 1752, and died Feb. 10, 
1802, aged 50. His mind was early imbued with religious 
and moral principles, and habits of order, obedience and 
diligence were early formed. His studies preparatory for 
college were pursued under the direction of Samuel Moody 
Esq. at Dummer Academy. His proficiency, his manliness 
and sobriety and regular conduct secured the esteem and 
confidence of his instructer and fellow students. He en- 
tered college with a habit of application and order, and 
with a high sense of moral feelmg and love of learning. 
His activity and example did much to stimulate others to 
virtuous diligence. He was at the head and most active of 
ingenuous young men, who formed associations for pro- 
moting knowledge and improving one another in literary 
and moral attainments. 

In his 24th year, he was elected by his fellow citizens, 
in 1775, a member of the Provincial Congress, and contin- 
ued to represent them in the existing Legislature till 1780, 
and was among the best speakers and most influential mem- 
bers, and was employed on the most important committees 
during the revolutionary war. He was also a member of 
the Convention in 1779, by which the Constitution of Mas- 
sachusetts was formed, and of the Committee by which it 
was drawn up. After it was adopted, he was immediately 
chosen a member of the Senate ; and, except one year, in 
which he was employed by the State on a public mission, 
continued a Senator till 1801. Fifteen of these years he 



LIST OP GRADUATES. 145 

was, with great unanimity, elected President of the Senate. 
In 1801, he was elected Lieut. Governor of the State, and 
continued in that office until his death. In 1781, he was 
appointed Justice of the C. C. P. and held that office till 
the close of 1707, when declining health induced his resig- 
nation. 

The duties of these offices he discharged with honor to 
himself and usefulness to the public. As a legislator, he 
was punctual and diligent, and presided with dignity, and 
contributed to the despatch of business. 

He was the projector of the Academy in Andover, foun- 
ded by his father and uncle, and also of the Academy in 
Exeter, founded by his uncle alone. The efforts and sa- 
crifices, by which he contributed to the endowment, super- 
intendence and prosperity of these Institutions, justly rank 
him among the greatest benefactors of mankind. Though 
he made no bequests directly to these seminaries, yet the 
property devoted to this important object, came from estates 
of which he was the sole heir in one instance, and the prin- 
cipal one in the other. 

He directed and bound his heirs and executors to pay 
$5,000 to the Trustees of Phillips Academy ; five sixths of 
the income of $1,0^0 to be applied for the better qualifying 
of females to teach the district schools in Andover, and ex- 
tending the term of their instruction. Five sixths of the 
income of $1,000 for the purchase and distribution of pi- 
ous books among the inhabitants of Andover. Five sixths 
of the remaining $3,0 )0 for the purchase and distribution of 
Bibles and pious books among the inhabitants of new towns 
and other places, where the means of religious knowledge 
is sparingly enjoyed. 

His conspicuous talents, virtues and services not only 
placed him high in the public estimation and confidence, 
but procured him honorable testimonies from the most en- 
13 



146 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

lightened and respectable bodies. He was honored with 
a place among the original members of the American 
Academy of Arts and Sciences, incorporated in 1780, and 
also with a degree of LL. D. in 1793 by his Alma Mater, 
whose interests he assiduously promoted, and thus render- 
ed to the cause of literature important services. 

He was endued with a clear apprehension, a sound 
judgment, a spirit ardent and enterprising, yet patient, de- 
liberate and persevering ; a mind formed for great projects, 
yet sagacious, delicate and cautious in selecting the objects 
and in the choice and application of the means. Of a cha- 
racter eminently practical ; knowledge merely speculative 
presented few allurements to his eye ; action he consider- 
ed the end of thinking. He thought, therefore, and read, 
not merely that he might know more, but that he might 
become better ; not that he might display his knowledge to 
his fellow men, but that he might do them good. A species 
of ethical cast marked his conversation and life, and dis- 
tinguished him from most men. Always of a slender con- 
stitution, and often laboring under serious infirmities, he 
was still active in every duty ; and in circumstances which 
would have discouraged most others from exertion, was 
vigorously employed in performing it. 

He was distinguished for virtuous industry and resolu- 
tion, for great economy and simplicity. He was conscien- 
tiously opposed to luxury and splendor, and wished to en- 
courage the manners suited to a young republican commu- 
nity. 

Those intervals of life, not demanded by public concerns, 
were spent chiefly at his seat near the Academy in his na- 
tive town, in a variety of business ; and peculiarly, in the 
performance of those duties, which adorn the religion of the 
gospel, of which he was a professor from his youth. He 
was ever ready to afford his influence and exertions in pro- 
moting the great objects of the christian ministry, and was 



LIST OP GRADUATES. 147 

an example of constant and devout attendance on public 
worship and the duties of the sabbath, and of religious in- 
struction and devotion in his family. 

His person was tall and slender, and his manners were 
a happy combination of simplicity with refinement, of 
modesty with dignity. His countenance was grave, mild 
and commanding ; his features were in the sedateness of 
thought, and gentle with the amenity of virtue. 

He married in 1773, Miss Phebe, youngest daughter of 
Hon. Francis and Mehitabel Foxcroft of Cambridge ; a la- 
dy, formed by the dignity of her person, and the virtues of 
her mind, to move in the higher walks of life, and destined 
by Providence for extensive usefulness. Possessing a quick 
apprehension, nice discernment, delicate taste, and an ar- 
dent thirst for knowledge, by reading and writing, her fa- 
vorite amusements, her mind was highly cultivated. Such 
was the brilliancy of her imagination, the pleasantry of her 
wit, and the felicity of her expression, that she was the or- 
nament and delight of the sentimental circle. She was 
distinguished for her sensibility, delicacy, humility, hospital- 
ity, and kindness to the poor, and for her piety, and the 
regular attention to the duties of the family and of devotion. 
Besides innumerable other benefactions, she joined with ar- 
dor the Founders of the Theological Instiution, and, with 
her son, built Phillips Hall for the accommodation of the 
students, and a house for the steward and dining hall, and 
other convenient and necessary out buildings to the amount 
of about $20,000. She died Nov. 1812, aged 70 years ; at 
her funeral a discourse was delivered by her friend Dr. 
E. Pearson. 

They had two children, John and Samuel, the youn^rer, 
a promising youth, died in 179G, while a member of the 
Academy. [See Dr. Tappaii's fun. Ser. Eliot's Biog. 
Diet. DwighVs Travels. Dr. Pearson's fun. Ser.] 



148 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

1795. *John Phillips, son of Hon. Samuel Phillips, born 
Oct. 18, 1776; died Sept. 10, 1820. Upon leaving college 
he was an assistant in Phillips Academy ; after which he 
read law under the direction of Hon. Samuel Dexter. For 
a time he devoted himself to mercantile pursuits in Charles- 
town, where he married Miss Lydia, daughter of Hon. Na- 
thaniel Gorham. He moved to Andover and was concerned 
in merchandize and agriculture. He was public spirited in 
projecting turnpikes and in encouraging other public im- 
provements. Generous and ardent in his feelings, when the 
Theological Institution in 1807, was about to be founded, he 
with his mother, a noble minded, pious, and benevolent wo- 
man, readily engaged to build a large edifice for the accom- 
modation of students, and a house and hall and out houses 
for the steward, to a large amount, which were completed 
with all convenient despatch. 

He was a commander of an independent company, an 
aid to Gov. Strong, and a Senator for the county of Essex. 
He left a widow, three sons and ten daughters. 

1819. Samuel Phillips, son of Hon. John Phillips, born 
March 8, 1801 ; attorney at Law, Andover, South Parish. 

1703. *Joseph Stevens, son of dea. Joseph Stevens, a 
Tutor and Fellow of the college, was ordained colleague with 
Rev. S. Bradstreetof Charlestown, Oct. 13, 1713. He was 
a man of great accomplishments, a valuable minister, and 
likely to have been eminent in his day. He was a fervent 
and eloquent preacher, cheerful though serious, in conver- 
sation ; gentle as a father, and beloved by all his congrega- 
tion. His last discourse, entitled, another and better coun- 
try, &.C. and annexed to it, a discourse on the death of 
Rev. Mr. Brattle of Cambridge were published. In 1715, 
he preached the Artillery Election Sermon. He died of 
the small pox, Nov 16, 1721, aged 39 years. His wife and 
two children died of the same disease at the same time. 



LIST OF GRADUATES. 149 

Rev. Benjamin Stevens, D. D. an eminent minister at Kit- 
tery, was his son and grand-father of the late Rev. Joseph 
S. Buckminster, Boston. [See Alien's Biog. Diet, and 
Rev. S. Phillips' MS. Ser.] 

1734. *Phinehas Stevens, son of Ebenezer Stevens, was 
the first minister of Boscaw^n, ordained over the church at 
Contoocook, the original name of that place, Oct. 29,1740 ; 
and died Jan. 19, 1755. 

1809. *Samiiel Stevens, son of had the 

reputation of a good scholar and was a promising young 
man ; died Nov. 1809, in the 3 1st year of his age. 

1819. William Stevens, son of Jonathan Stevens, At- 
torney at Law, Belfast, Me. 

1828. Y. C. Isaac Stuart, son of Professor Stuart. 
1823. *Benjamin Swett, son of Capt. Benjamin Swett, 
born at Salem, died Dec. 20, 1823, in the 20th year of his 
age; an amiable and interesting young man. 

1789. *William Symmes, son of Rev. Dr. Symmes, af- 
ter pursuing the study of the law, under the direction of 
Judge Parsons, began practice at Andover, was member of 
the Convention for ratifying the Constitution of the United 
States, in 1788. He moved to Portland, and established 
himself as a Counsellor at Law, where he died Jan. 14, 
1807, in the 47th year of his age, not having been married. 
1604. *John Woodbridge, son of Rev. John Wood- 
bridge, probably born in Andover, settled in the ministry 
at Killingworth, Con. in lOOO; in 1()79, he removed to 
Weathersfield, where he was installed, and continued till 
his death, in 1690. His son John graduated at H, C. 1694, 
was the first minister of West Springfield. 

1823. D. C. *Joseph W. Woods, son of Professor Leon- 
ard Woods, died Nov. 1827, aged 25 years. 

1827. U. C. Leonard Woods, son of Professor Woods, 
student in Divinity. 



150 



HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 



PHYSiciA:ivs. 



Whether, before the year 1718, a practising physician 
resided in Andover, has not been ascertained. 

Israel How, from Ipswich, in 1718, was offered by the 
proprietors a grant of land for encouragement to settle in 
Andover in the practice of physic. He resided in the S. 
Parish, and died July 1740. Daniel his son often took 
care of insane persons ; he died Nov. 17U7, aged 78. 

Nicholas Noyes, from Ipswich, settled in the N. Parish, 
about 1725. He died May 25, 1765, aged 63. Sarah, his 
wife, died 1790, aged 87. Their sons, Nicholas, Timothy 
died 1811, aged 88, Ward. 

Parker Clark came to Andover about 1741 ; he remov- 
ed to Newbury about 1750. He married Lydia, a daugh- 
ter of Rev. S. Phillips, who died Nov. 1749, leaving one 
son and three daughters. 

Nehemiah Abbot, from Lexington, settled in Andover 
about 1741, moved to Chelmsford about 1772, where he 
died, in 1785. 

John Kittredge, from Tewksbury, a grandson of John 
Kittredge, a physician from. Germany, who settled in Bil- 
lerica, settled in the N. P. about 1743, was much employed 
as a surgeon. He died July 177(), aged 66. Benjamin, 
his son, a physician in Tewksbury ; Thomas, M. D. Ando- 
ver ; Jacob, physician in Dover, N. H. John resided in 
Andover. 

Abiel Abbot, son of Benjamin Abbot, a short time a 
student in H. Coll., studied physic with Dr. Robie of Sud- 
bury, was surgeon two or three years in the army, settled 
in the South Parish. He died June 1764, aged 28. 

Joseph Osgood, M. M. S. S. son of deacon John Os- 
good moved to Andover about 1752, and soon after began 
practice. He died Jan. 1797, aged 78. 



PHYSICIANS. 151 

Ward Noyes, son of Dr. Nicholas Noyes, was a surgreon 
in llie army, and practised as a physician in the North Par- 
ish. He died Dec. 1808, aged 79. 

Symons Baker, from Methuen, was many years a phy- 
sician in the South Parish. He died July 1815, aged 82; 
left two sons, Symons and Henry. 

Thomas Kittredge, M. D. M. M. S. S. son of Dr. John 
Kittrcdge, after academical education at Dummer School, 
studied medicine under direction of Dr. Sawyer of New- 
buryport, had extensive practice as a surgeon and physi- 
cian in Andover and vicinity. He was often a Representa- 
tive in the General Court, was a Senator, and a Justice of the 
court of Sessions. He died Oct. 1818, aged 72. He left 
two sons, John and Joseph, and four daughters. [See 
Thacher's Biog.] 

George Osgood, M. M. S. S. son of Dr. Joseph Osgood, 
after a course of professional study, spent some time in 
practice at New Bedford. At the solicitation of his father, 
he settled vvith him in tlie North Parish, and was for many 
years a respectable practitioner. He represented the town 
in the General Court and was a useful citizen. He died 
Oct. 24, 1823, aged 65. He left four sons, George, a 
physician in Danvers ; Joseph Otis, physician in Kensing- 
ton ; Benjamin, in mercantile business ; and John, physi- 
cian in Lovewell, Me.; and four daughters. 

Abiel Pearson, M. M. S. S. from Byefield ; graduated 
D. Coll. 1779 ; after medical education under direction of 
Dr. Holyoke of Salem, began practice in South Parish in 
1787. He was esteemed as a physician, and respected as 
a good citizen. Ne died May 1827, aged 71. He left 
two sons, David-Sewall and S<unuel-M., and two daughters. 

Joseph Kittredge, M. M. S. S. son of Dr. Thomas Kit- 
tredge, graduated D. Coll. 180G, after a course of profes- 
sional study, went into practice with his father. 



152 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Nathaniel Swift, M. M. S. S. from Dorchester, after pre- 
paratory study with Dr. Thomas Kittredge, began prac- 
tice in the South Parish in 1813. 

John I. Carlton, M. D. graduated H. U. 1814, after 
preparatory studies under direction of Dr. Kittredge, began 
practice in the North Parish 1817. 

Daniel Wardwell, M. M. S. S. from Nelson, N. H., 
studied his profession with Dr. Kittredge, and having for 
some time practised in Beverly and Lyndeborough, settled 
in the South Parish, 1822. 

Jonas Underwood, M. D. graduated H. U. 1815; pur- 
sued his medical studies under the direction of Drs. Dorsey 
and Chapman, Philadelphia. Having practised some time 
in the City, he removed to Andover 1823. 

Samuel Johnson, son of Samuel Johnson, sometime a 
student in H. U. studied under the direction of Dr. Kit- 
tredge, and began practice in 1825. 

Attorneys and Counsellors at Law. 

William Symmes, H. U. 

Samuel Farrar, H. U. 1797, from Lincoln, settled in 
Andover 1801. 

Hobart Clark, from Sterling, settled in Andover, 1811. 

Samuel Merrill, H. U.1807, from Haverhill, began bus- 
iness, 1811. 

Amos Spaulding, D. C. from Carlisle, 1814. 

Samuel Phillips, H. U. 1819, began business in 1825. 

Magistrates. 

Simon Bradstreet, Assist. Go\'. Georgre Abbot 

Dudley Bradstreet, Assistant. Samuel Osgood, Rep. to Cong^. 

Benjamin Stevens Samuel Phillips, Fres. of Sen. Lt. 

John Oso:ood Gov. 

Samuel Phillips, Couns. Joshua Holt 

Joseph Frye Nathaniel Lovejoy 



MAGISTRATES AND REPRESENTATIVES. 



153 



/ 



Samuel Abbot 

Pettr Osgood 

Jacob Abbot, Senator 

Thomas Kittredge, Senator 

Isaac Ofcjjfood 

John [.. Ahbot 

John Phillips, Senator 

Samuel Farrar 

Geofire Osofood 

John Knet-land 

Hobart Clark, Senator 

John Cornish 

Mark Newmaa 



Samuel Merrill 
Joshua Chandler 
Fiedeiick Five 
John Adams 
IVathanifl Swift 
Abiel Abbot 

Amos Spauldinof, Senator 
Joseph Kittredg'e 
Stephen Baiker, Counsellor 
Gayton P. Osg-ood 
"VV illiam Johnson 
Eliiah L. Herrick 



Representatives in the General Court, 



1651. John Osgood 

1666. John Osgood 

1670. Samuel Bradstreet, Boston 

1671 -'2. Thomas Savage, Boston 

1677. Dudley Bradstreet 

167^. Thomas Chandler 

1690. Christopher Osgood 

1692. John Frye 

Ne he mi ah Abbot 

James Bridges 

James Frye 

Thomas Chandler 

Joseph Frye 

Samuel Phillips 

Moody Bridgta 



Samuel Osgood 
Samuel Phillips 
Joshua Holt 
Peter Osgood 
Thomas Kittredge 
John Kneeland 
Joshua Chandler 
John Cornii>h 
Timothy Osgood 
Georsre Osgood 
Beijja ;iin Jenkins 
Stephen Barker 
Amos Spaulding 
William Johnson 
Samuel Merrill 



CHAP. VII. 



IVITCHCRArT. 



The delusion cono^rnin^ Witchcraft prevailed in Bri- 
tain before the settlement of tliis country, and the first set- 
tlers in New England brought with them opinions imbibed 
in their native land. There had been many instances of 
supposed witchcraft, and some had suffered death, before 



154 HISTORY ANDOVER. 

the famous delusion of 1692, which began in Salem Village. 
The people in Andover, as well as in other towns, suffered 
extremely. The alarm and distress could not have been 
greater in the most perilous time of Indian warfare. 

It was believed, that some girls at Salem Village, could 
discover and tell who afflicted persons and were witches, by 
their spectres. Joseph Ballard, whose wife was sick, was 
induced by advice, to send for some of those accusers, to 
inform him who afflicted his wife. Soon after these 
were sent for, many of the people were assembled at the 
meeting house, and these persons had full scope to display 
their pretended skill. More than fifty in Andover were 
complained of for afflicting their neighbours and others. 
Dudley Bradstreet, Esq. having granted thirty or forty war- 
rants for commitments, at length refused to grant any more. 

He and his wife were immediately accused ; he was 
said to have killed nine persons by witchcraft. He found 
it necessary for safety to make his escape. Many of those 
who were accused and committed were women of good 
character, and among the most respectable in the town. 

That the reader may be correctly informed, I will dis- 
tinctly state, from undoubted authority and documents, the 
examinations, confessions, recantations, and trials of per- 
sons who were accused and imprisoned, from which may 
be learned their extreme distress. 

Examinations and confessions of Ann Foster, her daughter Mary 
Lacey, and her grand daughter Mary Lacey, jr., July 21,1692, 
before Major Gidney, Mr. Hawthorne, Mr. Cor win and Capt. 
Higginson. 

" Question. Goody Foster ! you remember we have 
three times spoken with you, and do you now remember 
what you then confessed to us ? You have been engaged 
in very great wickedness, and some have been left to hard- 
ness of heart to deny ; but it seems that God will give you 



WITCHCRAFT. 155 

more favor than others, inasmuch as you relent. But your 
daughter here hath confessed some things that you did not 
tell us of Your daughter was with you and Goody Carri- 
er, when you did ride upon the stick. Answer. I did not 
know it. Q. How long have you known your daughter to 
be engaged ? A.l cannot tell, nor have I any knowledge 
of it at all. Q. Did you see your daughter at the meeting ? 
A. No. Q. Your daughter said she was at the witches' 
meeting, and that you yourself stood at a distance off, and 
did not partake at that meeting ; and you said so also ; 
give us a relation from the beginning until now. A. I 
know none of their names that were there, but only Goody 
Carrier. Q. Would you know their faces if you saw them ? 
A. I cannot tell. Q. Were there not two companies in the 
field at the same time ? A.l remember no more. Mary 
Warren, one of the afflicted, said that Goody Carrier's shape 
told her, that Goody Foster had made her daughter a witch. 
Q. Do not you acknowledge that you did so about thirteen 
years ago ? A. No, and I know no more of my daughter's 
being a witch, than what day I shall die upon. Q. Are you 
willing your daughter should make a full and free confes- 
sion 1 A. Yes. Q. Are you willing to do so too? A, Yes. 
Q. You cannot expect peace of conscience without a 
free confession. A. If I knev/ any thing more I would 
speak it to the utmost. — Goody Lacey, the daughter call- 
ed in, began thus ; Oh ! mother ! how do you do 1 We 
have left Christ, and the devil hath gat hold of us. How 
shall I get rid of this evil one ? I desire God to break my 
rocky heart, that I may get the victory this time. Q. Goody 
Foster ! you cannot get rid of this snare ; your heart and 
mouth is not open. A. 1 did not see the devil, I was pray- 
ing to the Lord. Q. What Lord ? A, To God. Q. What 
God do witches pray to ? A.l cannot tell, the Lord help 
me. Q. Goody Lacey ! had you no discourse with your 
mother when riding ? A. No, I think I had not a word. 



150 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Q. Who y'>(\ foremost on that stick to the village ? A. 1 
suppose my mother. Goody Foster said, that Goody Car- 
rier was foremost. Q. Goody Lacey ! how many years ago 
since they were baptized ? A. Ttiree or four years ago, I 
suppose. Q. Who baptized them ? A. The old serpent. 
Q. How did he do it ? A. He dipped their heads in the wa- 
ter, saying they were his, and t!iU he had power over them. 
Q. Where was this? A. At Full's river. Q. How many 
were baptized that day ? A. Some of the chief; 1 think 
there were six baptized. Q. Name them ? A. I think 
they were of the higher powers. — Mary Lacey, the grand 
daughter, was brought in, and Mary Warren fell into a vi- 
olent fit. Q. How dare you come in here, and bring the 
devil with yon, to afflict these poor creatures? — Lacey laid 
her hand on Warren's arm, and she recovered from her fit. 
Q. You are here accused of practising witchcraft upon 
Goody Ballard; which v;ay do you do it? A. I cannot 
tell. Where is my mother that made me a witch, and I 
knew it not ? Q. Can you look upon that maid, Mary 
Warren, and not hurt her? Look upon her in a friendly 
way. She, tryin i to do so, struck her down with her eyes. 
Q. Do you acknowledge now you are a witch ? A. Yes. 
Q. How long have you been a witch? A. Not above a 
week. Q. Did the devii appear to you? A. Yes. Q. In 
what shape ? A. In the shape of a horse. Q. What did he 
say to you ? A. He bid me not be afraid of any thing, and 
lie would not bring me out : but he has proved a liar from 
the beginning. Q. When was this? A. I know not, 
above a week. Q. Did you set your hand to the book ? 
A. No. Q. Did he bid you worship him ? A. Yes ; he 
bid me also afflict persons. — You are now in the way to 
obtain jnercy, if you will confess and repent. She said, 
The Lord help me ! Q. Do not you desire to be saved by 
Christ? A. Yes. Then you must confess freely what you 



WITCHCRAFT. 157 

know in this matter. — She then proceeded. I was in bed, 
and the devil came to me, and bid me obey him and I 
should want for nothing, and he would not bring me out. 
Q. But how long ago ? A. A little more than a year. Q. 
Was that the first time ? A. Yes. Q,. How long was you 
gone from your father, when you ran away? A. Two days. 
Q. Where had you your food ? A. At John Stone's. Q. 
Did the devil appear to you then, when you was abroad 1 
A. No, but he put such thoughts in my mind as not to obey 
my parents. Q. Who did the devil bid you afflict ? A. 
Timothy Swan. Richard Carrier comes often a-nights and 
has me to afflict persons. Q. Where do ye go? A. To 
Goody Ballard's, sometimes. Q. How many of you were 
there at a time ? A. Richard Carrier and his mother, and 
my mother and grandmother.— Upon reading over the con- 
fession so far, Goody Lacey, the mother, owned this last 
particular. Q,. How many more witches are there in An- 
dover? A. 1 know no more, but Richard Carrier. 

Carrier at first, denied all, but was followed until he 
was brought to accuse his mother, much in the same man- 
ner with Foster's daughter and grand-daughter. 

Dorothy Faulkner, a child often years, Abigail Faulk- 
ner of eight, and Sarah Carrier between seven and eight, 
were among the confessing witches. 

Sarah Carrier^s Conf-ssion, August 11, 1692. 
It was asked Sarah Carrier by the magistrates or justices, 
.Tohn Hawthorne Esq. and others ;— How long hast thou 
been a witch ? A. Ever since I was six years old. Q. How 
old are you now ? A. Near eight years old ; brother Rich- 
ard says I shall be eight years old in November next. 
Q. Who made you a witch ? A. My mother; she made 
me set my hand to a book. Q. How did you set your hand 
to it ? ^4. I touched it with my fingers, and the book was 
red, and the paper of it was white. She said she never had 
seen the black man ; the place where she did it was in 
14 



158 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Andrew Foster's pasture, and Elizabeth Johnson, jun. was 
there. Being asked who was there beside, she answered, 
her aunt Toothaker and her cousin. Being asked when it 
was, she said, when she was baptized. Q. What did they 
promise to give you ? A. A black dog. Q. Did the dog 
ever come to you ? A. No. Q, But you said ycu saw a 
cat once : what did that say to you ? A. It said it would 
tear me in pieces if I would not set my hand to the book. 
She said her mother baptized her, and the devil or black 
man was not there, as she saw ; and her mother said when 
she baptized her, Thou art mine forever and ever, and 
amen. Q. How did you afflict folks 1 A.l pinched them, 
and she said she had no puppets, but she went to them that 
she afflicted. Being asked whether she went in her body 
or her spirit ; she said, in her spirit. She said her mother 
carried her thither to afflict. Q. How did your mother 
carry you when she was in prison ? A. She came like a 
black cat. Q. How did you know that it was your moth- 
er ? ^. The cat told me so, that she was my mother. 
She said she afflicted Phelps' child last Saturday, and 
Elizabeth Johnson joined with her to do it. She had a 
wooden spear, about as long as her finger, of Elizabeth 
Johnson, and she had it of the devil. She would not own 
that she had ever been at the witch meeting at the village. 
This is the substance. Attest, 

Simon Willard. 

This poor child's mother then lay under sentence of 
death, the mother of the other two children was in prison, 
and soon after tried and condemned, but upon her confes- 
sion reprieved, and finally pardoned. 

"I meet with but one person in near an hundred whose 
examinations are upon file, that was dismissed after having 
been once charged, for which he might thank one of the 
girls who would not agree with the rest in the accusation." 

[Hutchinson.] 



>VITCHCRAFT. 159 

The examination of Nehemiah Abbot at a court at Salem villao^e, 
by John Hawthorne and Jonathan Corwin, Esqrs. April 22, 
1692. 

What say you, are you guilty of witchcraft, of which 
you are suspected, or not ? No sir, I say before God, be- 
fore whom I stand, that I know nothing of witchcraft. 
Who is this man ? Ann Putnam named him. Mary Wol- 
cott said she had seen his shape. What do you say to this 1 
I never did hurt them. Who hurt you, Ann Putnam ? 
That man. I never hurt her. Ann Putnam said, he is 
upon the beam. Just such a discovery of the person car- 
ried out, and she confessed ; and if you would find mercy 
of God, you must confess. If I should confess this I must 
confess what is false. Tell how far you have gone ; who 
hurts you ? I do not know, I am absolutely free. As you 
say, God knows. If you will confess the truth, we desire 
nothing else, that you may not hide your guilt, if you are 
guilty, and therefore confess, if so. I speak before God, 
that I am clear from this accusation. What, in all re- 
spects ? Yes, in all respects. Doth this man hurt you ? 
Their mouths were stopped. You hear several accuse, 
though one cannot open her mouth. 1 am altogether free. 
Charge him not, unless it be he. This is the man, say 
some, and some say he is very like him. How did you 
know his name ? He did not tell me himself, but other 
witches told me. Ann Putnam said it is tlie same man, 
and then she was taken with a fit. Mary Wolcott, is this 
the man ? He is like him, I cannot say it is he. Mercy 
Lewis said, it is not the man. They all agreed the man 
had a bunch on his eyes. Ann Putnam, in a fit, said. Be 
you the man? Ay, do you say you be the man? did you 
put a mist before my eyes ? — Then he was sent forth till 
several others were examined. When he was brouo-ht in 
again, by reason of much people and many in the win- 



160 HISTORY OP ANBOVER. 

dows SO that the accusers could not have a clear view of 
him, he was ordered to be abroad, and the accusers to go 
forth to him and view him in the light, which they did, 
and, in the presence of the magistrates and many others, 
discoursed quietly with him, one and all acquitting him ; 
but yet said he was like that man, but he had not the wen 
they saw in his apparition. 

Note. He was a hilly faced man, and stood shaded by 
reason of his own hair, so that for a time he seemed to 
some by-standers and observers to be considerably like the 
person the afflicted did describe. 

Mr. Samuel Paris, being desired to take in writing the 
examination of Nehemiah Abbot, hath delivered it as afore- 
said, and upon hearing the same did see cause to dismiss 
him. 

John Hawthorne, \ . . ^ ^ 

JONA. CORWIN, ] ^•^^«^'«^^^- 

The examination and confession (September 8, 1692) of Mary Os- 
good, wife of Capt. Osgood, of Andover, taken before Joha 
Hawthorne and other Majesties' Justices. 
She confesses, that about eleven years ago, when she was 
in a melancholy state and condition, she used to walk abroad 
in her orchard ; and upon a certain time she saw the ap- ■ 
pearanceof a cat, at the end of the house, which yet she 
thought was a real cat. However, at that time, it diverted 
her from praying to God, and instead thereof she prayed to 
the devil ; about which time she made a covenant with the 
devil, who as a black man, came to her and presented her 
a book, upon which she laid her finger, and that left a red 
spot : and that upon her signing, the devil told her he was 
her god, and that she should serve and worship him ; and 
she believes she consented to it. She says further, that 
about two years agone, she was carried through the air, in 
company with deacon Frye's wife, Ebenezer Barker's wife. 



W ITCH C HAFT. ^^^ 



and Goody Tyler, to five-mile pond, where she 'vas bap- 
tized by the devil, who dipt her face in the water, and 
made her renounce her former baptism, and told her she must 
be his, soul and body, forever, and that she must serve hmi, 
which she promised to do. She says, the renouncmg her 
first baptism was after her dipping, and that she was trans- 
ported back again through the air, in company with the 
forenamed persons, in the same manner as she went and 
believes they were carried upon a pole. Q. How many 
persons were upon the pole? A. As I have said before, 
viz. four persons and no more, but whom she had named 
above. She confesses she has afflicted three persons, John 
Sawdy, Martha Sprague, and Rose Foster, and that she 
did it by pinching her bed clothes, and giving consent the 
devil should do it in her shape, and that the devil could 
not do it without her consent. She confesses the afflicting 
persons in the court, by the glance of her eye. She says, 
as she was coming down to Salem to be examined, she and 
the rest of the company with her stopped at Mr. Phillips' 
to refresh themselves, and the afflicted persons, being be- 
hind them upon the road', came up just as she was mount- 
ing again, and were then afflicted, and cried out upon her, 
so^'that she was forced to stay until they were all past, and 
said she only looked that way towards them. Q. Do you 
know the devil can take the shape of an innocent person 
and afflict? A. I believe he cannot. Q. Who taught 
you this way of witchcraft ? A. Satan ; and that he prom- 
ised her abundance of satisfaction and quietness, in her 
future state, but never performed any thing ; and that she 
has lived more miserably and more discontented since, than 
ever before. She confesses further, that she herself, in 
company with Goody Parker, Goody Tyler and Goody 
Dean, had a meeting at Moses Tyler's house, last Monday 
night, to afflict, and that she and Goody Dean carried the 



162 



HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 



shape of Mr. Dean, the minister, between them, to 
make persons believe that Mr. Dean afflicted. Q. What 
hindered you from accomplishing what you intend- 
ed ? A. The Lord would not suffer it so to be ; that 
the devil should afflict in an innocent person's shape. 
Q. Have you been at any other witch meetings ? A. I 
know nothing thereof, as I shall answer in the pres- 
ence of God and his people ; but said, that the black 
man stood before her, and told her, that what she had 
confessed was a lie ; notwithstanding, she said that 
what she had confessed was true, and thereto put her hand. 
Her husband being present was asked, if he judged his 
wife to be any way discomposed. He answered, that hav- 
ing lived v.'ith her so long, he doth not judge her to be any 
ways discomposed, but has cause to believe what she has 
said is true. When Mistress Osgood was first called, she 
afflicted Martha Sprague and Rose Foster by the glance of 
her eyes, and recovered them out of their fits by the touch 
of her hand. Mary Lacey and Betty Johnson and Hannah 
Post saw Mistress Osgood afflicting Sprague and Foster. 
The said Hannah Post and Mary L'acey and Betty Johnson, 
jun. and Rose Foster and Mary Richardson were afflicted 
by Mistress Osgood, in the time of their examination, and 
recovered by her touching of their hands. 

'{'underwritten, being appointed by authority to take 
this examination, do testify upon oath, taken in court, that 
this is a true copy of the substance of it, to the best of my 
knowledge, Jan. 5, 1692-3. The within Mary Osgood 
was examined before their Majesties' Justices of the 
peace in Salem. 

Attest, John Higginson, Just. Pac." 

The recantation of several persons in Andover will 
show in what manner they were brought to their confes- 
sions. 



WITCHCRAFT. 



163 



" We whose names are underwritten, inhabitants of 
Andover ; when as that horrible and tremendous judgment 
beginning at Salem Villaore in the year 161)*^, by some cal- 
led witchcraft, first breaking forth at Mr. Paris's house, 
several young persons, being seemingly afflicted, did ac- 
cuse several persons for afflicting them, and many there 
believing it so to be, we being informed that, if a person 
was sick, the afflicted person could tell what or who was 
the cause of that sickness : Joseph Ballard, of Andover, 
his wife being sick at the same time, he either from him- 
self or by t!ie advice of others, fetched two of the persons, 
called the afflicted persons, from Salem Village to Andover, 
which was the beginning of that dreadful calamity that 
befel us in Andover, believing the said accusations to be 
true, sent for the said persons to come over to the meeting 
house in Andover, the afflicted persons being there. Af- 
ter Mr. Barnard had been at prayer, we were blindfolded, 
and our hands were laid upon the afflicted persons, they 
being in their fits and falling in their fits at our coming in- 
to their presence, as they said ; and some led us and laid 
our hands upon them, and then they said they were well, 
and that we were guilty of afflicting them. Whereupon 
we were all seized, as prisoners, by a warrant from the 
justice of the peace, and forthwith carried to Salem. And, 
by reason of that sudden surprisal, we knowing ourselves 
altogether innocent of that crime, we were all exceedingly 
astonished and amazed, and consternated and affrighted 
even out of our reason ; and our nearest and dearest rela- 
tions, seeing us in that dreadful condition, and knowing 
our great danger, apprehended there was no other way of 
saving our lives, as the case was then circumstanced, but 
by our confessing ourselves to be such and such persons as 
the afflicted represented us to be, they, out of tenderness 
and pity, persuaded us to confess what we did confess. 



1C4 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

And indeed that confession, that it is said we made, was 
no other than what was suggested to us by some gentle- 
men, they telling us that we were witches, and they knew 
it, and we knew it, which made us think that it was so; 
and our understandings, our reason, our faculties almost 
gone, we were not capable of judging of our condition ; 
as also the hard measures they used with us rendered us 
incapable of making our defence, but said any thing and 
every thing which they desired, and most of what we said, 
was but in effect a consenting to what they said. Some- 
time after, when we were better composed, they telling us 
what we had confessed, we did profess that we were inno- 
cent and ignorant of such things ; and we hearing that 
Samuel Wardwell had renounced his confession, and quick- 
ly after condemned and executed, some of us were told 
we were going after Wardwell. Mary Osgood, Deliv- 
erance Dane, Sarah Wilson, Mary Tyler, Abigail Barker, 
Hannah Tyler." 

The testimonial to these persons' characters by the 
principal inhabitants of Andover, will outweigh the credu-. 
lity of the justices who committed them, or of the grand 
jury which found bills against them. 

"To the honored court of Assize, held at Salem. — The 
humble address of several of the inhabitants of Andover. 

'* May it please this honored court, — We being sensible of 
the great sufferings our neighbors have been long under in 
prison, and charitably judging that many of them are clear 
of that great transgression which hath been laid to their 
charge, have thought it our duty to endeavor their vindi- 
cation so far as our testimony for them will avail. The 
persons, in whose behalf we are desired and concerned to 
speak something at present, are Mrs. Mary Osgood, Eu- 
nice Frye, Deliverance Dane, Sarah Wilson and Abigail 
Barker, who are women of whom we can truly give this 



WITCHCRAFT. 165 

character and commendation, that they have not only lived 
among us so inoffensively as not to give the least occasion 
to any that know them to suspect them of witchcraft, but 
by tlieir sober, godly and exemplary conversation, have ob- 
tained a good report in the place, where they have been 
well esteemed and approved in the church of which they 
are members. 

•' We were surprised to hear that persons of known in- 
tegrity and piety were accused of so horrid a crime, not 
considering, then, that the most innocent were liable to be 
so misrepresented and abused. When these women were 
accused by some afflicted persons of the neighborhood, 
their relations and others, though they had so good grounds 
of charity that they should not have thought any evil of 
them, yet through a misrepresentation of the truth of that 
evidence that was so much credited and improved against 
people, took great pains to persuade them to own what they 
were, by the afflicted, charged with ; and indeed did un- 
reasonably urge them to confess themselves guilty, as some 
of us who were then present can testify. But these good 
women did very much assert their innocency ; yet some of 
them said they were not without fear lest Satan had some 
way ensnared them, because there was that evidence 
against them which then was by miny thought to be a cer- 
tain indication and discovery of witchcraft ; yet they serious- 
ly professed they knew nothing by themselves of that na- 
ture. Nevertheless, by the unwearied solicitations of those 
that privately discoursed them, both at home and at Salem, 
they were at length persuaded publicly to own what they 
were charged with, and so submit to that guilt which we 
still hope and believe they are clear of. And, it is prob- 
able, the fear of what the event might be, and the encour- 
agement that, it is said, was suggested to them, that confes- 
sing was the only way to obtain favor, might be too pow- 



166 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

erful a temptation to timorous women to withstand, in the 
hurry and distraction that we have heard they were then 
in. Had what they said against themselves proceeded 
from conviction of the fact, we should have had nothing to 
have said for them ; but we are induced to think that it 
did not, because they did soon privately retract what they 
had said, as we are informed ; and while they were in pris- 
on, they declared to such as they had confidence to speak 
freely and plainly to, that they were not guilty of what 
they had owned, and that what they had said against them- 
selves was the greatest grief and burden they labored un- 
der. Now, though we cannot but judge it a thing very 
sinful for innocent persons to own a crime they are not 
guilty of, yet, considering the well ordered conversation of 
those women, while they lived among us, and what they 
now seriously and constantly affirm in a more composed 
frame, we cannot but in charity judge them innocent of 
the great transgression that hath been imputed to them. 
As for the rest of our neighbors, who are under the like 
circumstances with these that have been named, we can 
truly say of them, that, while they lived among us, we have 
had no cause to judge them such persons as, of late, they 
have been represented and reported to be, nor do we know 
that any of their neighbors had any just grounds to sus- 
pect them of that evil that they are now charged with. 

DfJDLEY BrADSTREET. 

Francis Dane, Sen. 

Thomas Barnard, and fifty others." 

The Indictment of Martha Carry er. 
Essex ss. Anno Reji^ni Regis et Reginae Wilielm et Marise, nunc 

Angliae, etc. quarto. 

The Jurors for our sovereign lord and lady the King 
and Q,ueen, present, that Martha Carryer, wife of Thomas 
Carryer of Andover, in the county of Essex, Husbandman, 



WITCHCRAFT. 167 

the thirty first day of May, in the fourth year of the reign 
of our sovereign lord and lady, \\ iiliam and Mary, by the 
grace of God, of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, 
King and dueen, defenders of the faith, &lc. And divers 
other days and times, as well before as after, certain detes- 
table arts, called witchcrafts, and sorceries, wickedly and 
feloniously hath used, practised, and exercised, at and with- 
in the township of Salem, in the County of Essex aforesaid, 
in, upon, and against one Mary Wolcott of Salem Village, 
single woman, in the County of Essex aforesaid ; by which 
said wicked arts the said Mary Wolcott, the thirty first day 
of May, in the fourth year aforesaid, and at divers other 
days and times, as well before as after, was, and is tor- 
tured, afihcted, pined, consumed, wasted and tormented ; 
against the peace of our sovereign lord and lady, William 
and Mary, King and Queen of England ; their crown and 
dignity, and against the form of the statute, in that case 
made and provided. 

Witnesses — Mary Wolcott, Elizabeth Hubbard, 
Ann Putnam. 

There was also a second indictment for afflicting Eliz- 
abeth Hubbard by witchcraft. Witnesses— Elizabeth 
Hubbard, Mary Wolcott, Ann Putnam, Mary Warrin. 

The trial of Martha Carryer, August 2, 1692, as stated by Dr. 
Cotton Mather. 
Martha Carryer was indicted for the bewitching of certain 
persons according to the form usual in such cases: Plead- 
ing not guilty to her indictment, there were first brought 
in a considerable number of the bewitched persons ; who 
not only made the court sensible of an horrid witchcraft 
committed upon them, but also deposed, that it was Martha 
Carryer, or her shape, that grievously tormented them by 
biting, pricking, pinching and choking them. It was 



168 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

further deposed that while this Carryer was on her exam- 
ination belbre the magistrates, the poor people were so tor- 
tured tliat every one expected their death on the very spot; 
but that upon the binding of Carryer they were eased. 
Moreover, the looks of Carryer, then laid the afflicted peo- 
ple for dead, and her touch, if her eyes were at the same 
time oif them, raised them again. Which things were also 
now seen upon her trial. And it was testified, that upon 
the mention of some having their necks twisted almost 
round by the shape of this Carryer, she replied. It's no 
matter^ thong k their nechs had been twisted q. ite off. 

2. Before the trial of this prisoner, several of her own 
children had frankly and fully confessed, not only that 
they were witches themselves, but that their mother had 
made them so. This confession they made with great 
shows of repentance, and with much demonstration of truth. 
They related place, time, occasion ; they gave an account 
of journeys, meetings, and mischiefs by them performed ; 
and were very credible in what they said. Nevertheless, 
this evidence was not produced against the prisoner at the 
bar, in as much as there was other evidence, enough to 
proceed upon. 

3. Benjamin Abbot gave in his testimony, that last 
March was a twelve month, this Carryer was very angry 
with him, upon laying out some land near her husband's. 
Her expressions in this anger were, that she would stick 
as close to Abbot, as the bark stuck to the tree; and that 
he should repent of it before seven years came to an end, 
so as Dr. Prescot should never cure him. These words 
were heard by others besides Abbot himself, who also heard 
her say, she would hold his nose as close to the grind-stone 
as ever it was held since his name was Abbot. Presently 
after this he was taken with a swelling in his foot, and then 
with a pain in his side, and exceedingly tormented. It 



WITCHCRAFT. 169 

bred a sore, which was lanced by Dr. Prescot, and several 
gallons of corruption ran out of it. For six weeks it con- 
tinued very bad ; and then another sore bred in his groin, 
which was also lanced by Dr. Prescot. Another sore 
bred in his groin which was likewise cut, and put him to 
very great misery. He was brought to death's door, and 
so remained until Carryer was taken, and carried away 
by the constable. From which very day he began to mend, 
and so grew better every day, and is well ever since. 

Sarah Abbot, his wife, also testified that her husband was 
not only all this while afflicted in his body ; but also that 
strange, extraordinary and unaccountable calamities befel 
his cattle ; their death being such as they could guess no 
natural reason for. 

4. Allin Toothaker testified that Richard, the son of 
Martha Carryer, having some difference with him, pulled 
him down by the hair of the head ; when he rose again, he 
was going to strike at Richard Carryer, but fell down 
flat on his back to the ground, and had not power to stir 
hand or foot, until he told Carryer he yielded ; and 
then he saw the shape of Martha Carryer go off his 
breast. 

This Toothaker had received a wound in the wars, and 
he now testified, that Martha Carryer told him, he should 
never be cured. Just before the apprehending of Carryer, 
he could thrust a knitting needle into his wound four inches 
deep, but presently after her being seized, he was thorough- 
ly healed. 

He further testified that when Carryer and he sometimes 
were at variance, she would clap her hands at him, and say, 
he should get nothing hi/ it. Whereupon he several times 
lost his cattle by strange deaths whereof no natural causes 
could be given. 

5. John Roger also testified that upon the threatening 

15 



170 HISTORY ANDOVER. 

words of this malicious Carryer his cattle would be strange- 
ly bewitched ; as was more particularly then described. 

6. Samuel Preston testified that about two years ago, 
having some difference with Martha Carryer, he lost a cow 
in a strange, preternatural, unusual manner ; and about a 
month after this, the said Carryer, having again some dif- 
ference with him, she told him he had lately lost a cow, 
and it should not be long before he lost another ! which 
accordingly came to pass ; for he had a thriving and well 
kept cow, which, without any known cause, quickly fell 
down and died. 

7. Phebe Chandler testified that about a fortnight before 
the apprehension of Martha Carryer, on a Lord's day, while 
the psalm was singing in the church, this Carryer then 
took her by the shoulder, and shaking her, asked her where 
she lived ? She made her no answer, although as Carryer, 
who lived next door to her father's house, could not in rea- 
son but know who she was. Quickly after this, as she was 
at several times crossing the fields, she heard a voice that 
she took to be Martha Carryer's, and it seemed as if it were 
over her head. The voice told her, she should within tivo 
or three days he poisoned. Accordingly within such a little 
time, one half of her right hand became greatly swollen 
and very painful ; as also part of her face ; whereof she 
can give no account how it came. It continued very bad 
for some days ; and several times since she has had a great 
pain in her breast ; and been so seized on her legs that 
she has hardly been able to go. She added , that lately go- 
incT well to the house of God, Richard, the son of Martha 
Crrryer, looked very earnestly upon her, and immediately 
her hand which had formerly been poisoned, as is above said, 
becran to pain her greatly, and she had a strange burning 
at\er stomach; but was then struck deaf, so that she 
could not hear any of the .prayer, or singing, till the two or 
three last words of the psalm. 



WITCHCRAFT. 171 

8. One Foster, who confessed her own share in the 
witchcraft, for which the prisoner stood indicted, affirmed, 
that she had seen the prisoner at some of their witch-meet- 
ings, and that it was this Carryer, who persuaded her to be 
a witch. She confessed that the devil carried them on a 
pole to a witch-meeting, but the pole broke, and she hang- 
ing about Carryer's neck, they both fell down, and she then 
received an hurt by the fall, whereof she was not at this 
very time recovered. 

9. One Lacy, who likewise confessed her share in this 
witchcraft, now testified that she and the prisoner, were 
once bodily present, at a witch-meeting in Salem Village, 
and that she knew the prisoner to be a witch, and to have 
been at a diabolical sacrament, and that the prisoner was 
the undoing of her and her children, by enticing them into 
the snare of the devil. 

10. Another Lacy, who also confessed her share in this 
witchcraft, now testified that the prisoner was at the witch- 
meeting in Salem Village, where they had bread and wine 
administered to them. 

11. In the time of this prisoner's trial, one Susanna 
Sheldon, in open court, had her hands unaccountably tied 
together with a wheel-band so fast, that without cutting, it 
couid not be loosened. It was done by a spectre ; and the 
sufferer affirmed it was the prisoner's. 

During this delusion nineteen persons were hung, and 
one pressed to death. Three belonged to Andover, Mar- 
tha Carryer, Samuel Wardwell and Mary Parker. Five 
others, Ann Foster, Abigail Faulkner, Mary Lacey^ Sarah 
Wardwell and Eli.abeth Johnson were convicted ; but were 
not executed ; probably their confessions saved their lives. 
As most of those who confessed were pardoned or not con- 
demned ; while those, wiio protested their innocence and 
maintained their integrity were executed. At the court in 



172 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Jan. 1693, bills of indictment were found against eighteen 
persons belonging to Andover. All but two were dischar- 
ged on paying fees. 

These persons were confined in prison for four months 
or more, in a cold season of the year, crowded together, and 
their comfort not much regarded. I find petitions on file 
to the General Court in October and in December, from 
some of the most respectable inhabitants of Andover in be- 
half of their wives greatly suffering with cold and other 
hardships in prison. These sufferings must have been tri- 
fling compared with what they endured under apprehension 
of trial and execution. 

The foregoing extracts are a small part only of what 
might be produced ; but they show very fully and clearly 
the shocking delusion and extreme consternation and dis- 
tress of the people. The frenzy seized old and young, the 
ignorant and the learned. We cannot but be astonished at 
the credulity and imposition relating to witchcraft, the rea- 
diness to admit as evidence, what would now be consider- 
ed ridiculous. Goodness of character could not avail 
against the imaginations and caprice of the weak and delu- 
ded. But we ought not to conclude, that that generation 
was void of common sense, or more wicked than any pre- 
ceding or succeeding. There seem founded deep in human 
nature passions, which often prevail over the understanding, 
an enthusiasm, a frenzy which hears not the voice of rea- 
son. This credulity, this fanaticism, this delusion, is per- 
haps allied more often to subjects which have a relation to 
religion, than other subjects ; as those relate to the invisi- 
ble world, and may more easily awake a wild imagination. 
We may trace similar wildness in other religious subjects 
in which reason is as much obscured and bewildered as in 
the witchcraft delusion. The pretensions, the imagina- 
tions, the dreams of some, are as baseless as the signs and 



WITCUCIIAIT. *'*^ 

the spectre-discerning power of detecting a witch. The 
power of sympathy, the charm of solemn tones, the gloomy 
shadows of a half enlightened room may raise the imagina- 
tion above reason ; may bewilder an enlightened under- 
standing. This delusion is not confined to religious sub- 
jects. Have not many been seen in a frenzy on politics, 
assembled and full of tumult, like the Ephesians, crying 
out, great is their cause ? but they know not wiiy,or where- 
fore ; they will drag this man to death, and that they will 
raise on their shoulders, but know not why they kill the 
one, and extol the other. It is the same spirit that pervades 
the quack in all professions, and by which his deceptions 
are so successful. 

Most people love to hear and to believe what is marvel- 
lous, obscure, and wonderful. They believe, because the 
thing is impossible. The imaginings of others they receive 
for sound realities. 

The excessive credulity and frenzy, which raged in 
1692, convinced people of the great delusion which had, 
for a long time, prevailed in England, and in this country 
from its settlement, and by which many had suffered. Pub- 
lic opinion has been corrected, and the comfort and lives of 
many have been preserved. Opinions and practices are of- 
ten soonest corrected and reformed by the conviction and 
suffering resulting from their excess. Divine Providence 
often instructs mankind by the experience of the evils which 
naturally result from ill grounded opinions and unreasona- 
ble practices. And these when carried to great excess 
make the impression deeper, and the sooner effect their 
own reformation. 

15* 



CHAP. VIII. 

MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES. 

Revolutionary War. 

The inhabitants of Andover were united, resolute and 
zealous in support of the rights of the country, and willing 
to make the utmost sacrifices in defence of its liberty. In 
Dec. 1774, it was resolved that one quarter part of all the 
training soldiers of the town should enlist themselves ; and 
for encouragement, they were promised pay for every half 
day they shall be exercised in the art military. Two com- 
panies were accordingly raised in February following, under 
the command of Capt. Benjamin Farnum and Capt. Ben- 
jamin Ames, which, with others, were regimented under 
Col. James Frye, and were called minute men. On the 
19th of April 1775, the alarm drew these companies into 
the field, and they were stationed at Cambridge. They 
were detached to take possession of the heights of Charles- 
town, on the 16th of June, and were in the battle of the next 
day. There were 58 belonging to Capt. Ames's company, 
more than 50 of whom, belonging to the S. Parish, were in 
the battle of Bunker Hill. Three were killed and seven 
wounded. Two in another company under command of 
Capt. Furbush were killed. Capt. Farnum was wounded, 
and some in his company. 

" The day following the battle, the Lord's day, our 
houses of public worship were generally shut up. It was 
the case here. When the news of the battle reached us, 
the anxiety and distress of wives and children, of parents, 
of brothers, sisters and friends, was great. It was not 
known who were among the slain or the living, the wound- 
ed or the well. It was thought justifiable for us, who could, 
to repair to the camp, to know the circumstances, to join 



REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



171 



in the defence of the country, and prevent the enemy from 
pushing the advantages they had gained ; and to afford 
comfort and relief to our suffering brethren and friends."* 
In 1777, there were four militia companies in the 
town, which, with the alarm list, consisted of 670 men ; un- 
der command of Capt. Samuel Johnson. 187 — Capt. Na- 
thaniel Lovejoy, 161 — Capt. John Abbot, 158 — and Capt. 
Joshua Holt, 164. 

Number of men employed, time of service and expenses of the third Company in An- 
dover, during the revolutionary war, under command of Capt. Nathaniel Love- 
joy. [See Capt. Lovejoy^s JilS.] 

Men. ' Places. Service. Date. 

1775 April 19, hired at 
Dec, 1, — 

1776 Feb. I, — 



At Cambridge 
At Roxbury 
At Prospect Hill 
At Canada 
At New York 
At Ticonderoga 
At Dorchester 
At Fairfield 
At Now York 
At Providence 
Continental Army 

Do. 

Do. 
At Northward 

Do. 
At Cambridge 

Do. 
Continental Army 
North River 
Cambridge 
Rhode Island 
Do. 

2 Boston 

3 l-2Continenta;l Array 
1 1-2 Rhode Island 



Boston 

Boston 

Clavaradk 

Continental Army 
Do. 

Clavarack 
9 1-2 Continental Army 
1 Rhode Island 
7 West Point 



10 



Service. 

8 months 
2 — 
2 — 

12 — 

2 — 1777 

3 years 

3 — 

3 1-2 months 

3 _ 1778 

9 — 1778 June 1, 

8 — June 1, 

5 — July 1, 

6 — July 1, 
Aug. 
Sept. 14 

9 — 1779 June 28, 

6 — July 1, 

3 1-2 months July 1, 

1 1-2 months Oct. 1, 

11-2 months Oct. 18, 

6 — 1780 June] 9, h 

6 — Oct. 10, 

3 1-6 months July 10, 

3 years Dec. 20, 

5 months 1781 Aug. 16, 

3 — Aug. 23, 



1 1-2 months 
3 1-2 months 



L. 


s.d. 


L. s. d. 


8 


= 


208 


2 





28 


2 





28 


20 





40 


16 





144 


13 


6 8 


266 13 4 


3 





12 


8 





80 


10 





100 


4 





20 


30 





600 


105 





210 


66 





6() 


15 





195 


6 





114 


6 





24 


6 





24 


107 


10 = 


$1791 67 


75 





450 00 


25 





166 67 


33 


6 


333 00 


11 


6 6 


302 00 


28 





186 67 


405 





4725 00 


132 





660 00 


60 





200 00 


18 





120 00 


96 





1920 00 


cie $150 00 


1200 00 




62 50 


125 00 




79 16 


701 60 




300 00 


2850 00 




85 00 


85 00 




75 00 


525 00 



Mr. F'B MS. 



176 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

The service rendered by Capt. Lovejoy's company 
amounted to 2127 months, or 175 years and 7 months, 
and that of the four companies in Andover, 737 years, 
equal to 98 men in constant service during seven years 
and an half, while the war continued. This does not in- 
clude the officers. The money expended in pay to the sol- 
diers amounted to $10,671 in specie, and ^14,960 in pa- 
per somewhat depreciated. 

Besides the extraordinary bounty and wages paid by 
the town, the soldiers at different times, were provided 
with blankets, shirts, stockings, shoes, &lc ; and their fam- 
ilies also supplied with necessary provisions, at no incon- 
siderable expense. 

Besides the diminution of laborers by the public ser- 
vice, the people were frequently interrupted in their com- 
mon business, by raising men, attending town meetings, 
and other necessary avocations. It may seem strange, 
when so much active labor was subtracted, and increased 
expense and sacrifice incurred, that people should be able 
to maintain their families, and sustain their burdens. It 
was done by retrenchments in living and clothing, by great 
industry and rigid economy. What cannot a people unit- 
ed and resolved do, and what burdens and hardships will 
they not endure when bent on their purpose ! — Several 
persons were employed in the service at sea. 

Officers in actual service in the war. Col. James Frye, 
Captains Benjamin Ames, Benjamin Farnum, Samuel John- 
son, Charles Furbush, John Abbot, Stephen Abbot. 

Twenty belonging to the S. Parish died in the revolu- 
tionary war. 

In six months from Nov. 9, 1745, seventeen men be- 
longing to Andover died at Louisburgh. 

In the war of 1755, seven men died in the expedition 
to Lake George. — In 1758, seven men died in the war at 



rAUPERlSM. 1'' 

the Westward.— In 1760, two died. Probably the whole 
number lost in that war has not been ascertained. 

Pauperism. 

The early settlers of towns were generally industrious, tem- 
perate and healthy. Few moved into a new settlement un- 
able to labor. Sometimes the heads of families were some- 
what advanced in life; but in this case, the other members 
of the family were vigorous and active. There was also an 
enterprising, resolute spirit, a strong determination to meet 
hardships and privations, which bore them on and issued in 
success. We therefore find none of the first settlers, or 
their immediate descendants, obliged to cast themselves up- 
on the town for maintenance. The unfortunate doubtless 
received assistance from their friends and neighbors. They 
were careful to contract no debts, and to live within their m- 
come. They indulged in no luxuries, or unnecessary ex- 
penses of living or dress. 

The first mention of poor in the town records, is, m 
1694, when the selectmen were chosen overseers of the 
poor '; but it does not appear that the town assisted any nee- 
dy person for manv years after this. The first charge upon 
the town for any poor person is in 1719, when the expense 
was forty shillings. This was about eighty years from the 
settlement of the town. And this expense was for an aged 
infirm widow. There were probably charitable benefac- 
tions of individuals to some, who, from sickness and other 
providential dispensations, had need of aid and relief. In 
1723, the selectmen were authorized to draw money from 
the town treasury for the relief of the poor ; and m the 
year following, were chosen overseers of the poor. 

In the following statement, I have reduced the sums ex- 
pended for the support of the poor to dollars and cents 



178 HISTORY or ANBOVER. 

reckoning an ounce of silver worth 6s. Sd.. and a dollar 6 
shillings lawful money. The average annual expense for 
the poor from 1719 to 1745, was $6,42; from 1745 to 
1755, $33,73; from 1755 to 1765, 8102, 14. This pe- 
riod included the last French war, which probably increas- 
ed the expense. 

From this time for a number of years, it is difficult to 
separate the expense of the poor from the other town char- 
ges. The expense however continued to increase. The 
revolutionary war, by diminishing the number of laborers, 
corrupting the morals, and inducing intemperance, would 
naturally produce poverty, and increase the number of pau- 
pers. 

In 1784, it was voted, that the town will enable the 
overseers of the poor to provide a work house for the recep- 
tion of the poor of the said town, and for idle, loitering per- 
sons, who waste and mispend their time. No house, how- 
ever, was provided for many years after this. 

Orders drawn by the overseers for the support of the 
poor for 1 798, amounted to $749, 06 ;— for 1799, $881 , 43; 
—for 1800, $952, 65;— for 1801, $1107, 50 ;~for 1802, 
$1137, 98 ;— for 1803, $1333, 99. 

For several years, the selectmen were overseers, and 
in drawing orders for town charges, did not always distin- 
guish those drawn for the support of the poor from others, 
which renders it difficult now to ascertain the expenses of 
the poor. 

In 1807, a farm of 90 acres, with buildings, uas pur- 
chased for $2,400 for the accommodation of the poor. The 
buildings are not sufficient for all the poor ; so that a large 
portion of the expense for maintaining the poor has arisen 
out of the house. 

The amount of orders drawn for the support of the poor 
for 1816, was $3355, 79 ; for 1817, $3054, 37 for 1818, 



PAUPERISM. 



179 



^2550,44; for 1819, $2601,90; for 1820, $2721,53; 
for 1821, $2455, 95; for 1822, $2673,32; for 1823, 
$1816,93; for 1824, $1744, 80; for 1825, no expense at 
the house ; out of the house, $621, 93 ; for 1826 ; $449,65, 
for 1827, $349,68 : for 1828, $469, 94. 

The rents of the farm and brick yard are not included 
in these orders. It is probable, however, that the allowance 
for State pau' ers was equal to these rents. 

Since the purchase of the farm and peat meadow, and 
the management of it with some system, and improving the 
brick-yard, the expenses for the support of the poor have 
been diminished. Those who are able to labor are con- 
stantly employed, and no time is consumed in seeking for 
articles of living. They are also more comfortably provided 
for, than when they were boarded out, or furnished partly 
in some col ! dwelling, and much of what they could earn 
was appropriated to cherish intemperate habits. 

The provision at the alms house prevents begging and 
idleness ; and the benevolent are not so often imposed on 
by unnecessary importunity for alms. Those who would 
willingly procure their maintenance without labor and from 
house'^to house, feel exposed, and dread being sent to the 
house of industry. Towns which have provided a farm for 
the support of the poor, have reduced their expenses, and 
have improved the state of society and the condition of the 
poor. The number of paupers has been diminished, as 
well as the expense. 

Towns would probably exonerate themselves from the 
burden under which they have groaned, if they would be 
more faithful to their own interests and of the individuals 
concerned, by extending a more early care of those who are 
wasting their time and estates by idleness and intemperate 
indulgence. Some would thus be saved from disgrace, from 
becoming a burden to the community, and reducing their 



180 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

families to want. Others might be deterred from habits of 
idleness and intemperance, which lead to poverty. 

The chief cause of pauperism is intemperance. This 
is conceded in all the towns in which examination has been 
made. What proportion of the expense for the poor in An- 
dover, arises from this source, has not been ascertained. 
But the statement would undoubtedly be within bounds, if 
three fourths of the expense were attributed to this cause. 
This is no small tax for the abuse of ardent spirit. But this 
is a small part of the money unnecessarily thus expen- 
ded. For this is spent only for the consequences of it on a 
few ; while the estates of many are not wholly consumed, 
who pay an annual sum twenty fold greater than their poor 
tax. The too free use of rr:lent spirit has a most injurious 
effect on the morals, health, prosperity and happiness of the 
community. The increase of this evil may be owing in 
some degree to the wars in which this country has been en- 
gaged within seventy yearsl In the revolutionary and oth- 
er wars, allowance of spirit produced a habit, which was 
continued after the war. And in the late war, more were 
destroyed by whiskey, than by the sword. 

This sore and distressing evil has, in a few years past, 
been diminished, and the public morals are improving ; and 
it is hoped, that, by the perseverance of the friends of hu- 
manity, the community will be restored to a healthy state. 





Number of 


ratable Polls. 




Tears. 


JVo. 


Years. 


JVfl. 


1679 


88 


1715 


211 


16B0 


92 


1717 


222 


16B2 


94 


17^20 


252 


16}^4 


109 


1725 


270 


16»6 


116 


1730 


261 


1680 


134 


1735 


332 


1695 


141 


1740 


358 


1700 


145 


1745 


373 


1705 


187 


1750 


393 


1710 


204 


1760 


442 



POPULATION — EMIGRATION HEALTH, 181 

Town charges^ including schooling. Currency redu- 
ced to dollars and cents, at the rate of Qs. 8d. an ounce of 
silver. Average from 1721 to 1730, $92,42 ;— 1730 to 1740, 
^99 ;— 1740 to 1750, $127 ;— 1750 to 1700, $303 ;— 1700 
to 1770, $410 ; 1770 to 1773, $439. 

The population of Andover at diiferent periods accord- 
ing to the census, is as follows. 1790, the number < f in- 
habitants was 28(53; 1800 ; 1810, 3164; 1820, 3889. 

Emigration. Andover has contributed largely toward 
settling and peopling many towns. Some of its inhabitants 
settled in Plampton, Pomfret, Tolland, Windsor, Con. 
Some settled in Lexington, Bedford, Billerica, Brook field, 
Chelmsford, Dracut, Bradford, and other places in Mass. 
Concord, Pembroke, Amherst, Hollis, Wilton, Greenfield, 
Conway, &c. in N. H., received a number of early settlers 
from Andover. Some made early settlements in Fryeburgh, 
Brownfield, Bluehill, Andover, Bethel, Bridgeton, Nor- 
way, Albany, and in many other towns in Maine. Some 
families from Andover may be found in various towns of 
New England, and of the United States. While land remains 
cheap and unsettled, the old towns will not rapidly increase 
in population, nor will land be subdued and be brought to 
a high state of culture. Emigration checks enterprise and 
improvement at home. The young, healthy, robust, seek 
new settlements, while the aged, less healthy and feeble are 
left, and an undue proportion of poor is the consecjuence. 
Nut less than sixty males from Andover, who were, or be- 
came heads of families, have settled in Wilton. Some of 
these removed to other places, and many of their posterity 
have gone to people other towns. 

Health. The town is remarkably hf d'.y; very few 
seasons have been sickly since its settlement. Invalids 
from abroad have often resided in this place for the im- 
provement of their health, with success. 
10 



182 HISTORY OF ANDOVF.Pw 

1690. The Small-pox broke out late in the season, and in 
about eight weeks nine persons died with the disease. In 
the beginning of the year 172'2, seven persons died of the 
same disorder. 

1735. The first appearance of the Throat Distemper 
was at Kingston, N. H., in May. This is the most alarm- 
ing and fatal disease which has afflicted N, England. The 
mortality in many towns was great and distressing. 

1736. There were thirty five deaths in Andover, chiefly 
of the throat distemper. 

1737. Deaths were thirty one; and in 1738, one hun- 
dred and twenty three deaths. Most of these were child- 
ren and young people. Capt. James Stevens, his wife and 
three children died within a month. Nine families lost 
three children from each in a few days. Four families lost 
from each four children in ten or fourteen days. John 
Wilson lost eight children in seven days. — In 1739, four- 
teen children died from four families in a few days. Oct. 
26, Ebenezer Lovejoy lost three children in one day, and 
in five davs after another child. Benjamin Blanchard lost 
four children in four days ; and Joshua Stevens lost three 
in four days. The disease raged most, from August into 
December. 

1763, There were fifty three deaths. The throat distem- 
per was very mortal in some families. The disease has ap^ 
peared several times since, but in a milder form, and more 
under the control of medicine. 

1775. About two hundred persons in the S. Parish had 
the dysentery, of whom fifty six died. This disease pre- 
vailed and was mortal in many towns in N. England, and 
in the army. 

For about fifty years past, Consumption has been the 
most prevalent and mortal disease, especially among young 
persons and those in the meridian of. life; and more prev- 



MARRIAGES FUNERALS. 183 

alent among females from fifteen to thirty five, than among 
males. 

Marriages. The solemnization of marriages from the 
arrival of the first settlers to 1G86, the expiration of the 
first charter, was performed by a magistrate, or by persons 
specially appointed for that purpose. If a clergyman hap- 
pened to be present, he was asked to pray. — 1687, April, 
the first marriage by Rev. Mr. Dane, William Chandler 
and Eleanor Phelps. — 1087, May, Stephen Barker and 
Mary Abbot, the first marriage by Rev. Thomas Barnard. 

The bridegroom, immediately after the marriage cov- 
enant, was directed to kiss the bride ; after which she was 
saluted by the male attendants, when the female attend- 
ants approaching and wishing them happiness, were saluted 
by the bridegroom. — 1779, this practice was discontinued 
by Mr. French, at the marriage of a respectable couple. 
After wedding, was supper, tea, or cake and wine, and oth- 
er drink ; and in the evening, dancing and other amuse- 
ments. Sometimes the bride and bridegroom were imme- 
diately accompanied to the house of the bridegroom, and 
the evening spent in amusements. 

Funerals. At funerals, not only relations, but all in the 
neighborhood attended, and the assembly sometimes was 
nearly as large as on the Sabbath. In the early settlement 
of the country, it was not customary to have prayers at 
funerals, as it had the appearance of praying for the dead. 
When the practice was begun at Andover, cannot now be 
ascertained.— 1730. "Before carrying out the corpse" of 
Mrs. Sarah Byefield, " a funeral prayer was made by one of 
the pastors of the Old Clmrch, which, though a custom in 
the country towns, is a singular instance in this place, 
(Boston) but it is wished may prove a leading example to 
the general practice of so christian and decent a custom."* 

* VVuokly JS'ews-Lettur, No. H05» 



184 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

It has not been customary in Andover to preach a sei*- 
mon at funerals. 

After prayer, the corpse, having been viewed by the 
mourners and others, and a procession having been form- 
ed, was carried to the grave by men voluntarily, often at 
the distance of several miles. The relations and bearers 
with some of the neighbors returned from the grave, to the 
house of mourninor, and partook of supper. It was custom- 
ary to give strong drink. Mr. Phillips, 1720, in a sermon, 
disapproves of the practice as unsuitable to the occasion, 
and observes that respectable people in Boston had agreed 
to offer no strong drink at funerals. For mourning, the men 
put crape around the hat, and sometimes wore black 
clothes, or black buttons, and buckles, and gloves. The 
women dressed in black gowns, and wore scarfs, black 
bonnets, veils and gloves. In the revolutionary war the 
men wore black crape round the arm ; and the women a, 
black ribbon on the bonnet. It was customary to give 
gloves and rings at funerals. White gloves were given to 
the bearers; they were laid upon the coffin, and were 
taken by the bearers, when they took up the coffin. Pur- 
ple gloves were given instead of white, before the practice 
was laid aside; which was discontinued in the revolution- 
ary war. 

Funeral charges of Samuel Blanchard, April, 1707, 

Six gallons of wine £Q 15s. Or/. 

20 prs. gloves 1 

Rum, sugar, allspice 

Half barrel of cider 

Mourning scarfs 1 

Coffin 7s, digging gravelOs 



10 





9 


3 


5 





17 





17 






BIRTHS AND DEATHS LONGEVITY. 185 

Table of Births and Deaths from 1652 to 1700, taken 
from the Town Kceord. 

BIRTHS. [)KVTH!-'. 

Year. Malo.Fein. No. Ma.leiii. i\'o. 

1677 17 15] IM) 

1678 9 17 26 
1619 8 il 19 

16 SO 7 i;3 20 

16Si 20 10 m 

1682 19 10 29 

1688 18 12 m 

1684 16 14 30 

1685 17 9 26 

1686 18 11 29 

1687 24 [9 43 
16^8 22 20 42 

1689 17 8 25 
161)0 17 15 Ji2 

1691 17 14 31 

1692 17 16 S3 

1693 23 19 42 

1694 13 15 28 

1695 16 16 32 

1696 21 9 30 

1697 14 9 23 

1698 19 5 9 38 

1699 16 16 32 

1700 18 12 30 



Long(vitij. 1685, May 18, died Andrew Foster, aged 
106 years. 

Jan. 1708. Thomas Marshall, aged near 100 years. 

May 1708. Joanna Marshall, aged about 100 years. 

May 16, 1735. Thomas Carrier, aged 109 years. He 
was from Wales, first settled in Billerica about 1663, mar- 
ried Martha Allen ; moved to Andover about 1672, spent 
the last 20 years of his life in Colchester, Con. Ilis head 
was not baid, nor his hair gray. Not many days beiore 
16* 





BIRTHS. 


DEATHS. 


Year. : 


Male. 


Fem. No. 


Male. Fem 


.No. 


16.52 


5 


6 11 


1 





1 


1653 


3 


1 4 




1 


1 


1654 


8 


3 11 








1655 


5 


1 6 




1 


1 


1656 


6 


2 8 








1657 


3 


2 5 








1658 


2 


3 5 








1659 


5 


6 11 


1 




1 


1660 




4 4 








1661 


3 


4 7 








1662 


5 


7 12 


2 


1 


3 


1663 


9 


3 12 








1664 


5 


3 8 








1665 


3 


2 5 




2 


2 


1666 


f) 


2 8 








1667 


8 


5 13 


4 


4 


8 


1668 


4 


7 11 


1 


o 


3 


1669 




2 4 


1 


I 


2 


1670 


6 


4 10 


3 




3 


1671 


8 


8 16 


1 




1 


1672 


10 


4 14 


I 


2 


3 


1673 


5 


7 12 


1 


1 


2 


1674 


14 


7 21 


3 


3 


6 


1675 


7 


3 10 




3 


3 


1676 


6 


3 9 


1 


1 


2 



4 


I 


o 


I 


3 


4 


2 


3 


5 


2 


1 


3 


2 


1 


3 


3 




5 


4 


3 


7 


2 


1 


3 


6 




6 


3 


I 


4 


5 


4 


9 


7 


3 


!0 


2 


6 


\9, 


4 


4 


18 


3 




3 


3 


5 


8 


5 


3 


8 


2 


(> 


8 


2 


2 


4 


5 


'> 


7' 


I 


1 


2 


6 


3 


9 


2 


1 


3 


4 




6 



186 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

his death, he walked six miles ; and the day before his 
death he was visiting his neighbors. 

May 24, 1791, Priscilla Abbot, aged 99 years, 10 
months and 6 days ; grand-daughter of George Abbot, 
sen. She was never married, was industrious, content- 
ed, and often nursed the sick. 

Dec. 1, 1805, Hannah Lovejoy, relict of Hezekiah, 
aged almost 102 years, having had 336 descendants. Af- 
ter the death of her husband, she lived with her relations 
at Amherst, N. II. 

Feb. 1823, R,euben Abbot, aged 99 years and 10 
months. He moved with his father to Concord, N. H. 
when about 14 years old. 

1824. VVid. Mary Chad wick, in her 100th year. 

Feb. 1826, Pompey Lovejoy, aged 102 years; was 
born in Boston, and brought to Andover when nine years 
old. Rose, his wife, died in Dec. following, aged 98. 

Number of persons who died in Andover between the 
95th and 99th year of their age ; Males, 6 ; Females, 7 ; be- 
tween 90th and 95th, Males, 12; Females, 29 ; between 
85th and 9:;th, Males, 30; Females, 31 ; between 8Cth and 
85th, Males, 64 ; Females, 29. 

It is probable that a considerable number in the above 
list is omitted, not being found in the Town Records. 



BILL OF MORTALITY SEASONS. 18^ 

Bill of Mortality in the S, Parish for 30 years. 

Year, under 1, to 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, unkn. No. 



1774 


2 


2 




1 


4 


1 1 


1 


1 


2 


1 


I 


4 


21 


1775 


7 16 


3 


2 


4 4 


3 


2 


4 


4 


2 


1 


8 


60 


1776 


4 


5 


2 




2 3 


4 


3 


3 


4 


1 


2 


3 


36 


1777 


o 


2 






3 


1 




1 








7 


16 


1778 


4 10 


3 


2 


2 2 


1 3 




5 




2 


1 


10 


45 


1779 




1 


2 




1 




1 


3 


3 


I 




1 


13 


1780 


5 


2 




1 


1 


1 2 


1 


1 




4 






18 


1781 


8 








3 




1 


1 


1 








18 


178-2 


3 


I 






2 2 


1 


3 




2 


1 




1 


16 


1783 


4 


2 








I I 


1 


1 


1 


1 


1 


1 


14 


1784 . 


7 


2 


1 


1 




1 4 




2 


3 








23 


1 785 


2 








3 2 




1 


2 






1 




11 


1786 


3 








3 


2 


1 


1 


2 


1 






13 


1787 


1 


I 






2 






2 


3 


2 






11 


1788 


5 


2 


2 




1 1 


3 2 






3 




1 




20 


1789 


4 


2 






1 


1 




1 


1 








10 


1790 


3 








o 


2 3 


1 


1 




2 






14 


1791 


5 


2 


1 




3 


2 


1 


1 




2 


1 




18 


1792 


3 






1 


1 


1 




3 


1 




1 




11 


1793 


3 


2 


1 




2 


1 


3 






I 






13 


1794 


1 


2 






1 


1 2 






2 


1 






10 


1795 


3 






1 


1 


1 I 


4 




2 


1 


1 




15 


1796 


3 


8 


8 


4 


6 


1 2 


1 


1 


2 








36 


1797 


1 


I 




2 


2 


I 


1 


3 


t 


2 






14 


179^ 


1 


3 






T 5 


1 




3 


2 


3 






19 


1799 


2 


2 






3 3 


I 


1 


1 


3 


2 






18 


1800 


4 


3 


2 


1 


1 3 


2 1 


3 




2 


4 






26 


1801 


2 


I 


3 


1 


I 1 


1 2 


2 


5 


2 


2 






23 


1802 


5 


3 




I 


2 1 


4 1 


1 




2 


5 


1 




26 


1803 


5 


5 




1 


1 




2 


2 


4 


2 


1 





23 



Total 102 82 28 19 28 58 28 38 35 48 52 45 13 35 611 
The number of deaths in the S Parish from 1710 to 
1810, 100 years, is 1666, according to the register of Rev. 
S. Phillips and Rev. J. French. 

Seasons, Dark Days, Earthquakes. 

Seasons. 1641-2. A very cold winter ; Boston harbor 



18S 



HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 



was SO deeply frozen over, as to be passable for horses, 
carts and oxen, for six weeks. 

1696-7. The winter colder than had been known since 
the arrival in N. England. During the greater part of it, 
sleighs and loaded sleds passed on the ice from Boston to 
Nantasket. Also great scarcity of food ; grain never 
dearer. [Holmes's Annals.'] 

Feb. 1717, about the 18, 19, 20. The greatest snow 
storm ever known ; snow about 4 feet deep, very close and 
hard. [Blanchard's MS,] 

Sept. 16, 1727, in the night ; a great rain, and an hor- 
rible tempest, whereby much hurt was done. 

[Rev. S. PhllUps's 3IS.] 
1749. A memorable drought; so extreme were the 
heat and drought, as to ciack the ground in many places. 
In some places where broken pieces of glass lay upon the 
ground, the surface actually caught fire. June 9, A fast 
by reason of the drought; Aug. 14, Thanksgiving for 
rain. [Rev. Mr. French's 3JS.] 

J une, 1755, was distinguished by excessive heat and 
drought. Great scarcity of hay and provisions, which bore 
excessive price. A fast was ordered by the General Court. 
The fall of the year was productive. [3Iinnt's History.] 
1761. This year was distinguished by a severe drought. 
Feb. 27, 1771. A very great freshet in Shavvshin, car- 
ried away Capt. Sibson's mill dam ; another in March, 
which carried away the Wid. Ballard's mill dam. These 
freshets did much damage. [Blanchard' .< MS.] 

March, 1772, uncommon season for storms of wind 
and snow, even into April. 

July 14, 1772. A very uncommon thunder cloud gath- 
ered and discharged over the S. Parish, attended with great 
wind, rain and hail. The ground was covered with water, 
which filled the brooks. 



DARK DAYS. 189 

Sept. 2d and 3d, 1772. A very great rain and freshet, 
to the loss of a great quantity of hay, and the life of a wo- 
man at Frye's bridge. [BL 3IS.] 

1780. About 40 days from the first of January, the cold 
continued without any apparent intermission. The snow 
on a level in the woods about 4^- feet deep. 

[.Mr. French's MS.] 

Sept. 1815, a very destructive wind ; much timber and 
many fruit trees blown down ; some barns unroofed, and 
many sheds turned over. 

1816 and 1817. Remarkably cold seasons ; frosts early, 
most of the corn destroyed by frost. 

Aug, 1825, a strong wind for a short time ; blew down 
much fruit ; a window in the South meeting house was 
blown in, and the assembly alarmed, left the house in great 
disorder and consternation. 

March 3, 1818, A great freshet carried away many 
bridges. A man and woman drowned in attempting to 
pass the Shawshin at the Salem turnpike bridge. 

1825 and 1826, mild and open winters. 

1827. Snow remarkably deep and drifted. 

1828. Little snow, winter mild and open, travelling bad. 
Dark Days. Oct. 21, 1716. The day was so dark as 

to require candles at the time of dinner. 

Aug. 9, 1732, An uncommon darkness happened. 

Oct. 19, 1763. At Detroit, it is said, almost total dark- 
ness prevailed through most of the day. People lighted 
candles, and the darkness continued till 7 o'clock in the 
evening. i 

" The most extraordinary dark day within our memory, 
happened on xMay 19, 1780. The morning was usher- 
ed in with a very dark cloud hanging over the West and 
North West, attended with thunder. It settled into the 
North. The wind at South West brought over a number of 



190 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

clouds from that quarter. The darkness began about 9, 
and at {'2 o'clock, it was as dark as eveninor. Candles 
were lighted, domestic fowls repaired to their roosts ; frogs 
peeped ; night birds appeared ; cattle repaired to their 
barns. Objects could be discerned at a small distance only. 
The clouds put on a strange kind of brassy, copi)er colour, 
and every thing conspired to make the appearance exceed- 
in-Tly gloomy. It abated after 12, and about half past 3 in 
the afternoon, the appearance was no other than a dark 
cloudy day. Though the moon fulled the day before, and 
was at a considerable height, in the eveninii the darkness 
returned, and soon became total, as if there had been no 
such thiniT as vision, and continued till about midnight. 
The darkuv'^ss of the day and eveninof lasted about fourteen 
hours. Concern an;! error seemed to sit on the counte- 
nances of people. The darkness extended over all the 
New England States; westward it readied to Albany ; at 
the southward, it was observed all along the seacoast ; and 
to the north, as far as the settlements extend, though not 
in all places equally dark." [Rev. J. Frtnc!»''s MS."] 

Enrthqiiakes. A great earthquake happened as early 
as July 1638; another Oct. 29, 1653; another, in 1658, 
mentioned as a great eartiiquake ; another happened Jan. 
23, 1663. The 5th Feb. following there was another, 
which, from accounts given of it, was the most terrible that 
had then ever been known in the country. It began about 
half past five in the evening, and lasted about half an hour. 
About 8 in the evening was another shock as violent as the 
first ; and in about half an hour two more ; the next day 
another, and the next night another. In the whole, there 
were about thirty two shocks ; which did not entirely cease 
till July following. There was one in 17G5 ; another in 
1720 ; after which there were several smaller earthquakes. 
*' 1727 Oct. 29, a little more than half past ten in the eve- 



EARTHQUAKES. 1^1 

ning, the first and great shake was felt ; when the heavens 
were most serene and the atmosphere perfectly calm. It 
was repeated several times in the night, and since, though 
not so terrible as ihe first shock." " The centre of it was 
supposed to be in Newbury, in this county, where the earth 
opened with a sulphurous blast, and threw up lo^ds of sand 
and ashes with a stench more nauseous than a putrifying 
corpse." — 1728, Jan. 30, about twoo'clock, P. M. there was 
a very great shake, and is said to have extended further 
than any other since the first night. This day was warm, 
clear and calm, especially before the shake came." [Rev,r 
S. Phillips.] 

In 1732, 1737, and 1744, there were earthquakes, but 
not great. 

The most violent ever felt in New England, was that of 
Nov, 18, 1755. The effects of this were great. In Boston, 
about one hundred chimnies were broken off at the roof of 
the houses, fifteen hundred shattered and partly broken, 
and the ends of twelve or fifteen brick buildings were thrown 
down from the top to the eaves. The whole country seem- 
ed to be shaken. The shock lasted about four and a half 
minutes. This earthquake reached from Maryland to Hal- 
ifax, from lake Ontario to the Atlantic ocean, and as far as 
the West Indies. On the first of Nov. 1755, there was a 
terrible earthquake at Lisbon, by which in about eight min- 
utes, a great part of the city sunk, and fifty thousand inhab- 
itants perished." [Rev. J. Frtnck's MS.] 

The qiantity of water, which fell in each month, is noted 
in inches and tenths in the following tafjle. 

Jan. feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total 

5785 3,0 1,5 3,8 4,3 4,5 a,4 2,6 3,.' 0.'> 7,4 40 2,9 40 8 

83 2,9 5 4 1,7 0,4 3.6 1^,3 9.-2 4,3 2,0 10,7 5,0 2,9 497 

84 6,5 1,8 2,2 7,1 3,1 2,5 4,5 7,3 4,3 2 J IIJ 7,2 60 3 

85 3,7 4,3 4,5 4,'^ 6,4 5,.i 4,3 1,1 9,2 10,1 4.1 5,4 B^U 
80 2,5 2,3 3,7 4,3 7,2 2,1 .'^,6 3 7 .3,4 2.0 1,8 4,9 4l!5 

1793 3.. 5 3,0 1,2 1.0 3,1 5,0 2,7 2,9 4,0 5,1 3,8 40,2 

98 3,9 2 6 .5,6 4,2 5,9 4.3 2,1 2,0 .3,2 9 3 2,8 4.=i.7 

1800 1.5 3 6 3.8 7,0 4,8 2.5 2:5 7,2 'A I 5>^ 4 6 4 3 50 3 

1803 3,5 5.0 4,2 2,2 2,7 1,7 10,9 1,5 1,3 4.5 1)5 5,4 49,4 



192 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Rev. Mr. French, from whose MSS. the table and oth- 
er facts have been extracted, ascertained by experiments, 
that ten inches of snow, on an average, yielded one inch of 
water. 

1783 Oct. 17, 18, 19, tremendous storm, rain, hail and 
snow, 4 inches 6 tenths of water. 

1784, Feb. 29, the coldest Sabbath since Feb. 21, 1773. 
— x\pril 15, 16, 17, great storm, rain and snow, 3 inches 

enths of wator in all. 

Dec. 2, and 3, great rain, 4 inches 8 tenths. 

1785, April 1 and 2, snow in the woods settled hard 
three feet upon a level, and, in some places, more. In the 
morning, the scholars skated upon the snow with ease. 
April 15 ; this morning Mr. Isaac Abbot sledded two loads 
of wood three quarters of a mile, over walls and fences. 
Sept. 23, 24, 25, great rain, 4, 8.— Oct. 20, 21, 22, rained 
9, 0. — Oct. 24, the Merrimack higher than in the remark- 
able freshet in 1745. — Nov. 25, snow storm. In the night 
the wind blew the snow into balls. I measured one on the 
common, which began in a point and ran 76 feet ; it meas- 
ured seventeen and a half inches in diameter and twenty two 
inches in length.— Dec. 18, frost entirely out of the ground, 
weather very pleasant. 

1786, Jan. 18, Tuesday, one of the coldest nights ever 
known in this climate. —April 2, there fell I (J inches of 
snow. — Dec. 5, Tuesday, great snow of 18 inches. — Dec. 
9, Saturday, it be2"an to snow about 5 A. M., and continu- 
ed an exceeding great storm till Sabbath morning 9 o'clock; 
wind very high at N. E. — Doc. 10, no meeting. In the 
forenoon but one person came ; P M. but 4 ; had a re- 
ligious exercise in my own house. In the above storm sev- 
eral persons in the country were frozen to death. 

1800. July 29, rain 1 inch and 1 tenth ; only one tenth 



AGRICULTURE. 193 

since the 27th June. July 30, thunder showers and great 
gale of wind, which did great damage to trees. 

[l^r. French'' s Journal.^ 

Agriculture. Farms are of various sizes, from ten to 
three hundred acres. Few exceed one hundred acres lying 
together. The first settlers, unskilled in clearing the for- 
est, had much labor and difficulty in subduing the land and 
preparing it for a crop. 

Arable land, till within fifty years, was kept under con- 
stant tillage, unless so worn out as not to produce a crop ; 
and then it was left to recruit without grass seed. Rota- 
tion of crops was rarely attempted, except rye and corn al- 
ternately. The improvement in this respect has been 
great. 

Wheat, for fifty years past, has been raised in small 
quantities, the crop being uncertain. Indian corn is the 
principal grain crop, and has always been cultivated, not on- 
ly for bread, but for feeding cattle and swine. 

Potatoes, in 1718, were planted by the settlers of Lon- 
donderry in the garden of Nathaniel Walker. They were 
raised in small quantities only before the year 1770, and 
were little used. But for forty years past, they have been 
in constant use for culinary purposes and for stock, and are 
very valuable. 

Turnips of various kinds are raised principally for culi- 
nary purposes. Mangel Wurtzel and carrots are little cul- 
tivated ; they are worthy of consideration for stock. B ick- 
wheat was introduced into Andover about the year 1778. 

Some land, on many farms, has been reclaimed within 
thirty or forty years ; but much still remains unimproved. 
Constant emigration renders labor dear and improvement 
slow. Little has been done at draining swamps, and little 
at irrigation. 

Few experiments have been attempted in soiling. Hon* 
17 



194 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

H. Clark has done more at this than any other, and is fully 
persuaded, that it is useful and profitable. The same land 
improved this way will support more than double the stock. 
He is of opinion, that cows are as profitable for dairy through 
the season, as when pastured. The increased quantity of 
manure, and the convenience of having cows, oxen and hor- 
ses at hand, will amply compensate the increased labor. 

Not much attention has been paid to the improvement 
of stock, whether of cattle, sheep, horses, or swine. Those 
who have turned their attention to this have been well re- 
munerated. 

More attention has been paid to making manure than 
formerly ; but still this article is much neglected. Gypsvm 
has been found useful on some, and useless on other land ; 
but sufficient trial of its efficacy has not been made. Lime 
and salt have not been fairly tried ; nor has ploughing in 
green crops. — Ashes have been found good manure. Peat 
and swamp mud are among the best materials for compost 
and for supplying barn and hog yards. Very few barns 
have cellars, and manure is exposed to evaporation of the 
sun and wind, and bleaching of the rain. 

As early as 1662 orchards are mentioned in the sale of 
land. The trees grew luxuriantly and much larger than 
those planted within the last sixty or seventy years.* 
Most of the first planted have decayed, and many have dis- 
appeared. Considerable attention has been paid to renew- 
ing orchards and cultivating the best varieties of fruit. The 
raising of nurseries has been much neglected. The most 
extensive nursery was in the garden of Mr. Phillips, plant- 
ed and cultivated by Miss Sarah Abbot, who began it about 
1787. She engrafted more than two thousand trees in a 

* On the Shawshin farm, owned by the Compiler, there is an Jipple tree in a 
state of decay, which measures in the smallest place below five feet above ground, 
13 feet and one inch in circumference. About 5 \-il feet above the ground it is divi- 
ded into two branches ; one of which measuree 7 feet and t* inclies and tlie other 9 
feet in circumference. It is probably the largest apple tree in the county. 



MANUFACTURES. 195 

season ; and about ten thousand were sold from that nurse- 
ry. The Pear has not been cultivated except for the table, 
and in small quantities. 

The town is well supplied with wood and peat. Pine 
and oak are thrifty after the old wood is taken off. The 
price of wood has increased much within twenty years. 
Hard wood is now sold at $4, to 4,34 a cord. A considera- 
ble quantity of wood and timber is carried to market. 

An Elm, transplanted by Mr. Jonathan Frye in 1725, near 
Mr. John Peters's house, measures in circumference, two 
feet above the ground, 13 feet 8 inches — 7 feet above the 
ground, 1\^ feet. Diameter of the limbs more than 80 feet. 

An Elm near Mr. Simeon Putnam's, one foot above 
ground, I6j feet ; 6 feet above ground, 13 feet. 

An Ehn near Mr. James Abbot's, one foot above ground, 
18^ feet — 6 feet above ground 13 feet. 

Buttonwood near Mrs. Phillips's, one foot above ground, 
11 feet — 4 feet above ground 9 feet. 

Capt. Amos Holt dug up a white oak tree in Mr. Isaac 
Chandler's pasture, which measured in circumference 21 
feet at one foot above the ground ; the limbs of the tree 
spread over a circle, of which the diameter is eight rods in 
length. It contained 8^ tons of ship timber, and five cords 
of wood. Capt. Holt received for the stem piece for the 
ship Independence f 100, and a present of ^20 because it 
was so good. 

Manufactures. A poivder mill, in the winter of 1775-6, 
was built at great expense by S. Phillips jun. Esq., which 
was probably the first in the country. In 1778 June 1, 
the powder house was blown up, and three persons were 
killed. 1796, Oct. 19, two persons were killed by ex- 
plosion of the powder mill. No powder has been since 
made here. 

A paper mill was built in 1788 by Hon. S. Phillips, 



J96 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

and carried on by Phillips and Houghton. This mill was, 
about 1811, burned. The mill was rebuilt in 1812. The 
value of paper made in a year is about $10 000; for 
the making of which, 16 to 20 persons are employed. 

The manufacturing of wool was commenced in 1810, by 
Mr. Abraham Marland, a native of Great Britain. Noth- 
ing before this was done, except in a domestic way and by 
a carding machine put in operation in 1802 by James 
Scholfield, which was the third in the county. Blankets 
and coarse fabrics were made for the Government in the 
last war. 

In 1813, 14 and 15, three manufactories for wool were 
put in operation ; and in 1822, two others were built, and 
one other since. About 160,000 pounds of wool of Amer- 
can growth are manufactured into upwards of 480,000 
yards of flannel in a year. Cassimeres are also manufac- 
tured. The capital in these establishments is estimated at 
8200,000 ; about 300 working people are employed, of 
whom about 100 are females. 

John Smith and Co., in 1824, built a shop for ma- 
chinery for cotton mills, 72 feet by 37 feet, three stories 
above the basement, with out buildings 6lc. About 30 
hands are here profitably employed. 

It is estimated that about one third part of the water 
power is now used. 

1798. Ames and Parker set up a printing press in the 
S. Parish, did little business and for a short time. 

1813. Flagg and Gould established a printing oflice, in 
which business has been carried on extensively, not only 
in the English language, but also in the Greek and He- 
brew. Their office is supplied with types for printing 
eleven of the oriental languages. 

St. Matthew's Lodge of Free Masons was chartered 
Aug. 1823. 



MANUFACTURES. 197 

Andover Bank was incorporated March 1826 ; Samuel 
Farrar, President, Amos Blanchard, Cashier. 

Merrimack Mutual Fire Insurance Company was incor- 
porated, Feb. 1828. 



IT* 



APPENDIX. 



At a general Court at Boston Gth of 3d month, 16*46, 
Cutshamache, Sagamore of Massachusetts, came into the 
Court and acknowledged, that for the sum of <£G and a 
coat which he had already received, he had sold to Mr. 
John Woodbridge, in behalf of the inhabitants of Cochich- 
ewick, now called Andover, all the right, interest and priv- 
ilege in the land six miles southward from the town, two 
miles eastward to Rowley bounds, be the same more or 
less; northward to Merrimack river, provided that the In- 
dian called Roger, and his company, may have liberty to 
take alewives in Cochichewick river for their own eating ; 
but if they either spoil or steal any corn, or other fruit to 
any considerable value of the inhabitants, the liberty of 
takinof fish shall forever cease, and the said Roger is still 
to enjoy four acres of ground where now he plants ; and 
this purchase tlje Court allows of, and have granted the 
said land to belong to the said plantation forever, to be or- 
dered and disposed of by them, reserving liberty to the 
Court to lay two miles square of their southerly bound to 
any town or village that may hereafter be erected there- 
abouts, if so they see cause. 

Cutshamache acknowledged this before the magistrates, 
and so the Court approveth thereof, and of the rest of this 
bill to be recorded, so as it prejudice no former grant.* 



Colony Records. 



APPENDIX. 199 

1707, Nov. 3. A committee was ordered to hear the 
differences respecting the place for a meeiing-house in 
Andover. 

1708, July. The report of the Committee was not ac- 
cepted, and the matter was referred to t!ie inliabitants. 

1708, Nov. 2. As a final issue of the case of Andover, 
referring to their meeting-house, it appearing by the scat- 
tered settlement of the inhabitants of said town and the 
insinuations of persons attending on botli sides, that the 
town is capable of supporting two congregations and minis- 
ters, and their inclinations thereto — 

Ordered, that they be forthwith divided into two dis- 
tinct precincts — and that Col. Wainwright, Major Sevvall, 
Maj. Somersby and Nehemiah Jewel! E-^q. be a Committee 
to perform that division, and make it equal for a north and 
south precinct, wiiliin the space of two months next com- 
ing, unless in the interim, the town agree thereon and 
make it tliemselve? ; and that thereupon the north divis- 
ion take the present meeting-house for their service, and re- 
pair and add to it as they please. 

That there be forthwith laid out for the ministry of the 
south precinct 14 acres of land for a houselot, and 40 acres 
at a farther distance, part of it low land to make meadow, 
of the common land in said precinct, which will make 
them equal to the other division, to be for the use of the 
ministry forever. 

That the inhabitants and proprietors of the south divis- 
ion build a convenient meetnig-house for their own use, 
and a ministry house. 

Upon all which Mr. Barnard, the present minister, shall 
declare his choice of which congregation he will officiate in, 
and that precinct, north or south, shall fuliy and wholly per- 
form the past contract of the town with him, and the other 
precinct or division of the town shall call and settle anoth- 
er minister for themselves. 



200 HISTORY OF ANDOVEIl. 

And the inhabitants of the respective precincts are 
hereby empowered, &c. &:.c. 

1709, May 26, The report of the Committee for di- 
viding Andover into two precincts which described the 
lines between them, was accepted.* 

At a lawful general Town meeting of the proprietors 
of land in Andover on the 8th day of March 1702, for the 
reviving and settling our former agreement of the pro- 
prietors of Andover, according to a vote formerly passed at 
a town meeting in the year 1681 : — 

Voted and passed, that Capt. Christopher Osgood, Lt. 
John Osgood, Lt. John Barker, Mr. Dudley Bradstreet, Ens. 
John Aslebe, be a Comnuttee to draw up and revive a list 
of the names of those men that were formerly acknowledg- 
ed the proper proprietors of the land in Andover, together 
with a preface annexed thereto, and to offer the same to 
the town for their consideration and confirmation : have 
accordingly drawn up and offered to the proprietors then 
assembled this following list with the preface to it, which, 
after consideration and debate upon it, was voted and pass- 
ed to acceptance, and to be forthwith entered on the town 
records. 

Whereas there was formerly a vote of the town upon 
the alteration of the way of collecting our town rates, that 
all such as were then house-holders shall upon the consid- 
eration of the proportion they bear to said charges, be 
privileged in all regards as free commoners in the Town of 
Andover, and to enjoy all the privileges upon all divisions 
of land or other occasions, according to the burthen of 
their particular taxes ; and whereas the vote not being du- 
ly entered in the records of our town, it has been since 
irrecoverably lost ; it is now voted and passed, that those 
whose names are underwritten be every way advantaged 

* See Province Records. 



APPENDIX. 



201 



Bnd privileged according to what is above expressed as the 
substance of said former vote. 

A list of the names of the proprietors according to the 
toion vote. 



Mr. Simon Bradstreet 
Capt John Osofood 
IVIr. Francis Dane 
Nicholas Holt sen. 
Joseph Parker 
Richard Barker sen. 
John Stephens sen. 
John Frye sen. 
Thomas Chandler 
John Aslebe 
Henry Ingalls 
Daniel Poor 
Nathan Parker 
Solomon Martin 
Thomas Farnum 
"William Ballard 
Andrew Allen 
Andrew Foster sen. 
John Lovejoy sen. 
William Chandler sen. 
Robert Barnard 
Mr. Edmond Faulkner 
John Russ sen. 
Georgfe Abbot sen« 
George Abbot jr. 
Thomas Poor 
Thomas Johnson 
Ralph Farnum 
John Frye jr. 
Samuel Blanchard 
Mark Graves 
Thomas Rowel 1 ) 
John Johnson \ 
Robert Russell 
John Stevens jr. 
Timothy Stevens 
Andrew Foster jr. 
Stephen Johnson 
Nathan Stevens 
Job Tyler 
John Bridges 
Joseph Parker 
Christopher Os°;ood 



Ephraim Foster 
William Barker 
Alexand./r Sessions 
Laurence Lacy 
Joseph Robinson 
John Faulkner 
Samuel lns:a'ls 
Ebenezer Barker 
John Mastcn jr. 
Henry Ingalls jr. 
( Edward Whittingham, alias 
-4 V\il!iam Abbot 
Nicholas Nichols 
^John Preston 
John Abbot 
George Abbot 
William Blunt 
Zechariah Ayer > 

alias Robert Russell \ 
Joseph Wilson 
Lt. John Barker 
John Parker 
John Maston sen. 
Lt. John Osgood 
John Farnum sen. 
Timothy Johnson 
Ste))hen Barnard 
Nathaniel Dane 
Thomas Abbot 
Ephraim St^ vens 
Joseph Stevens 
Stephen Parker 
John Granger 
Benjamin Frye 
Samuel Frye 
James Frye 
Walter Wright 
Hugh Stone 
Joseph Ballard 
Samuel Holt 
Henry Holt 
John Russ jr. 
Samuel Marble 



202 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 

Joseph Marble William Lovejoy 

Samuel Preston William Ballard jr. 
Daniel Bixby Robert Gray 

James Holt ( Hope Tyler, alias 

John Chandler ^ Joseph I arker 

Nicholas Holt jr. Samuel Hutchinson 
Samuel Phelps John Lovejoy jr. 

William Johnson Moses li agg^ett 

At a legal town meeting ordered by a warrant from one 
of her Majesty's Justices of the Peace in order to the voting 
in of more proprietors in the town, which was on the 28th 
day of January in the year 1713-14. 

Whereas the original purchase of the land of this town 
was made by Mr. John Woodbridge in behalf of the inhab- 
itants of said town, and confirmed to us by the General 
Court in the year 1646 : and whereas the said town at all 
times since their first settlement laid out and divided at 
their several meetings, managed, regulated, settled and dis- 
posed of the land as they saw meet, as may be seen by the 
votes and records of the said town, and more especially as 
there was just cause and reason, enlarged and added to 
the number of proprietors or the inhabitants to be invested 
in the common land of the said town, as may be seen by a 
record of the said town voted in the month of March 1702 : 
The said town now taking into their consideration, that 
there are a considerable number of inhabitants and free- 
holders of the said town that were not at the meeting afore- 
said admitted or voted proprietors, who on many accounts 
deserve claims and are justly entitled thereunto : The said 
town do therefore now see cause to vote in and add to 
their former list of proprietors the persons whose names are 
in the list underwritten. These were voted to be privileg- 
ed in all regards together with those that were voted in 
March the 8th, 1702. 

W^illiam Foster Ebenezer Frye 

Samuel Osgood Timothy Osg'ood 

William Chandler Zebadiah Chandler 



APPENDIX. 



208 



James Bridges 
Nathaniel Abbot 
William Lovejoyjr. 
Samuel Peters 
Benjamin Abbot 
Jonathan Abbot 
Joseph Chandler 
Francis Dane 
Joseph Chandler jr. 
Henry Chandler 
Richard Barker 
Joseph Osg-i>od 
Josiah Chandler 
Stephen Barnard 
Benjamin Kuss' 11 
Nathaniel Abbot jr. 
James Barnard 
Henry Holt jr. 
Joseph Preston 
Robert Barnard 
Paul Holt 
Daniel Kimball 
Samuel Preston jr. 
Nathaniel Frye 
John Carlton jr. 
Joseph Parker 
Ralph Farnunr; 
Henry Farnum 
Thomas Holt 
Edward Giay 
Simon Stone 
Braviter Gray 
John Russell 
Samuel Phelps 
Joseph Phelps 
Hezc'kiah Ballard 
Josiah Jrigalis 
Richard Barker jr. 
Thomas Chandler 
Robert Gray 
Jacob Maston 
Thomas Carrier sen. 
Thomas Carrier jr. 
ThoniHS Abbot jr. 
John Holt 
John Poor 
Daniel Poor 
Thomas Kussell 
Daniel Faulkner 
Samuel Austin 



Hamborou^h Blunt 
William W ardwell 
Sanutl Barker 
Joseph Ballard 
^ John Abbot jr. 

John Ossfood jr. ^ 
Joseph Emiry 
Joseph Wrjo^ht -f 
John Barnard 
Uriah Ballard 
Oliv.r H.)lt 
Moses Holt 
John In^alls 
John Famum jr. 
James Stevens 
Nathan i^tevens jr. 
Abiel Stevens 
Benja.-riin Stevens jr. 
David Stevens 
Daniel Robinson 
Samuel Stevens 
Ebenezer Osgood 
Jeremiah Osgood 
Joseph Ma^iton 
George Abbot jr. 
Joseph Osgood 
Mephibusheth Bixby 
John Barker jr. 
Neheniiah Abbot 
Jonathan F'arnum 
John Abbot jr. 
Danit'l Abbot 
W illiam Barker jr. 
Hannatiiah Barker 
John Barker sen. 
Samuel Barker j . 
Nicholas Holt jr. 
Jacob Preston 
Timothy Moar 
James Holt 
Ebenezer Russell 
Josiah Holt 
Sa i.uel Blunt 
John Carlton sen. 
George Holt 
John F'oster 
Ebenezer Lovejoy 
Joseph Lovejoy 
Jonathan Blanchard 
Samuel Farnum 



204 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 

David Abbot Ezekiel Osgood 

Epijrairn 1- oster jr. - Timothy Abbot 

Samuel Smith — Jamts Farnutn 

Epliraim Abbot > Joseph Abbot 

Henry Lovtjoy Joseph Foster 

John «, handler jr. Philemon Chandler 

Thomas Chandler jr. Christopher Lovejoy 
Thomas Johnson jr. 



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